Commit 3a6e38db authored by Achilleas Pipinellis's avatar Achilleas Pipinellis

Finish most of environments

[ci skip]
parent 5cac52d8
...@@ -80,23 +80,45 @@ lastly the `deploy_staging`. With this, we ensure that first the tests pass, ...@@ -80,23 +80,45 @@ lastly the `deploy_staging`. With this, we ensure that first the tests pass,
then our app is able to be built successfully, and lastly we deploy to the then our app is able to be built successfully, and lastly we deploy to the
staging server. staging server.
With the above `.gitlab-ci.yml` we have achieved that: The `environment` keyword is just a hint for GitLab that this job actually
deploys to this environment's `name`. It can also have a `url` which, as we
will later see, is exposed in various places within GitLab. Each time a job that
has an environment specified and succeeds, a deployment is recorded, remembering
the Git SHA and environment name.
To sum up, with the above `.gitlab-ci.yml` we have achieved that:
- All branches will run the `test` and `build` jobs. - All branches will run the `test` and `build` jobs.
- The `deploy_staging` job will [only](yaml/README.md#only) run on the `master` - The `deploy_staging` job will run [only](yaml/README.md#only) on the `master`
branch which means all merge requests branch which means all merge requests that are created from branches don't
get to deploy to the staging server
- When a merge request is merged, all jobs will run and the `deploy_staging` - When a merge request is merged, all jobs will run and the `deploy_staging`
in particular will deploy our code to a staging server while the deployment in particular will deploy our code to a staging server while the deployment
will be recorded in an environment named `staging`. will be recorded in an environment named `staging`.
The `environment` keyword is just a hint for GitLab that this job actually Let's now see how that information is exposed within GitLab.
deploys to this environment. Each time the job succeeds, a deployment is
recorded, remembering the Git SHA and environment name. Here's how the ## Viewing the current status of an environment
Environments page looks so far.
The environment list under your project's **Pipelines ➔ Environments**, is
where you can find information of the last deployment status of an environment.
Here's how the Environments page looks so far.
![Staging environment view](img/environments_available_staging.png) ![Staging environment view](img/environments_available_staging.png)
TODO: describe what the above page means There's a bunch of information there, specifically you can see:
- The environment's name with a link to its deployments
- The last deployment ID number and who performed it
- The build ID of the last deployment with its respective job name
- The commit information of the last deployment such as who committed, to what
branch and the Git SHA of the commit
- The exact time the last deployment was performed
- A button that takes you to the URL that you have defined under the
`environment` keyword in `.gitlab-ci.yml`
- A button that re-deploys the latest deployment, meaning it runs the job
defined by the environment name for that specific commit
>**Notes:** >**Notes:**
- While you can create environments manually in the web interface, we recommend - While you can create environments manually in the web interface, we recommend
...@@ -104,37 +126,105 @@ TODO: describe what the above page means ...@@ -104,37 +126,105 @@ TODO: describe what the above page means
be automatically created for you after the first deploy. be automatically created for you after the first deploy.
- The environments page can only be viewed by Reporters and above. For more - The environments page can only be viewed by Reporters and above. For more
information on the permissions, see the [permissions documentation][permissions]. information on the permissions, see the [permissions documentation][permissions].
- Only deploys that happen after your `.gitlab-ci.yml` is properly configured
will show up in the "Environment" and "Last deployment" lists.
As we've pointed in the Overview section, environments are like tags for your The information shown in the Environments page is limited to the latest
CI jobs, describing where code gets deployed. Here's what happened behind the deployments, but as you may have guessed an environment can have multiple
scenes: deployments.
1. The jobs and environments were defined in `.gitlab-ci.yml` ## Viewing the deployment history of an environment
1. Changes were pushed to the repository in GitLab
1. The Runner(s) picked up the jobs
1. The jobs finished successfully
1. The environments got created if they didn't already exist
1. A deployment was recorded remembering the environment name and the Git SHA of
the last commit of the pipeline
## View the environment status
GitLab keeps track of your deployments, so you always know what is currently GitLab keeps track of your deployments, so you always know what is currently
being deployed on your servers. You can find the environment list under being deployed on your servers. That way you can have the full history of your
**Pipelines > Environments** for your project. You'll see the git SHA and date deployments per every environment right in your browser. Clicking on an
of the last deployment to each environment defined. environment will show the history of its deployments. Assuming you have deployed
multiple times already, here's how a specific environment's page looks like.
![Deployments](img/deployments_view.png)
We can see the same information as when in the Environments page, but this time
all deployments are shown. As you may have noticed, apart from the **Re-deploy**
button there are now **Rollback** buttons for each deployment. Let's see how
that works.
![Environments](img/environments_view.png) ## Rolling back changes
You can't control everything, so sometimes things go wrong. When that unfortunate
time comes GitLab has you covered. Simply by clicking the **Rollback** button
that can be found in the deployments page
(**Pipelines ➔ Environments ➔ `environment name`**) you can relaunch the
job with the commit associated with it.
>**Note:** >**Note:**
Only deploys that happen after your `.gitlab-ci.yml` is properly configured will Bare in mind that your mileage will vary and it's entirely up to how you define
show up in the "Environment" and "Last deployment" lists. the deployment process in the job's `script` whether the rollback succeeds or not.
GitLab CI is just following orders.
Thankfully that was the staging server that we had to rollback, and since we
learn from our mistakes, we decided to not make the same again when we deploy
to the production server. Enter manual actions for deployments.
## Manually deploying to environments ## Manually deploying to environments
CI/CD [Pipelines] usually have one or more [jobs] that deploy to an environment. Turning a job from running automatically to a manual action is as simple as
You can think of names such as testing, staging or production. adding `when: manual` to it. To expand on our previous example, let's add
another job that this time deploys our app to a production server and is
tracked by a `production` environment. The `.gitlab-ci.yml` looks like this
so far:
```yaml
stages:
- test
- build
- deploy
test:
stage: test
script: echo "Running tests"
build:
stage: build
script: echo "Building the app"
deploy_staging:
stage: deploy
script:
- echo "Deploy to staging server"
environment:
name: staging
url: https://staging.example.com
only:
- master
deploy_prod:
stage: deploy
script:
- echo "Deploy to production server"
environment:
name: production
url: https://example.com
when: manual
only:
- master
```
The `when: manual` action exposes a play button in GitLab's UI and the
`deploy_prod` job will only be triggered if and when we click that play button.
You can find it in the pipeline, build, environment, and deployment views.
| Pipelines | Single pipeline | Environments | Deployments | Builds |
| --------- | ----------------| ------------ | ----------- | -------|
| ![Pipelines manual action](img/environments_manual_action_pipelines.png) | ![Pipelines manual action](img/environments_manual_action_single_pipeline.png) | ![Environments manual action](img/environments_manual_action_environments.png) | ![Deployments manual action](img/environments_manual_action_deployments.png) | ![Builds manual action](img/environments_manual_action_builds.png) |
Clicking on the play button in either of these places will trigger the
`deploy_prod` job, and the deployment will be recorded under a new
environment named `production`.
While this is fine for deploying to some stable environments like staging or
production, what happens for branches? So far we haven't defined anything
regarding deployments for branches other than `master`. Dynamic environments
will help us achieve that.
## Dynamic environments ## Dynamic environments
...@@ -174,16 +264,6 @@ stop_review: ...@@ -174,16 +264,6 @@ stop_review:
action: stop action: stop
``` ```
## View the deployment history
Clicking on an environment will show the history of deployments.
![Deployments](img/deployments_view.png)
>**Note:**
Only deploys that happen after your `.gitlab-ci.yml` is properly configured will
show up in the environments and deployments lists.
## Checkout deployments locally ## Checkout deployments locally
Since 8.13, a reference in the git repository is saved for each deployment. So Since 8.13, a reference in the git repository is saved for each deployment. So
...@@ -206,20 +286,20 @@ Below are some links you may find interesting: ...@@ -206,20 +286,20 @@ Below are some links you may find interesting:
- [Review Apps](review_apps.md) Expand dynamic environments to deploy your code for every branch - [Review Apps](review_apps.md) Expand dynamic environments to deploy your code for every branch
## WIP ## TODO
Actions Actions
View environments - View environments +
View deployments - View deployments +
Rollback deployments - Rollback deployments +
Run deployments - Run deployments +
View link to environment URL - View link to environment URL
View last commit message of deployment - View last commit message of deployment +
View person who performed the deployment - View person who performed the deployment +
View commit SHA that triggered the deployment - View commit SHA that triggered the deployment +
View branch the deployment was based on - View branch the deployment was based on +
View time ago the deployment was performed - View time ago the deployment was performed +
[Pipelines]: pipelines.md [Pipelines]: pipelines.md
[jobs]: yaml/README.md#jobs [jobs]: yaml/README.md#jobs
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