Commit 44e44a1b authored by Paolo Valente's avatar Paolo Valente Committed by Jens Axboe

block, bfq: improve responsiveness

This patch introduces a simple heuristic to load applications quickly,
and to perform the I/O requested by interactive applications just as
quickly. To this purpose, both a newly-created queue and a queue
associated with an interactive application (we explain in a moment how
BFQ decides whether the associated application is interactive),
receive the following two special treatments:

1) The weight of the queue is raised.

2) The queue unconditionally enjoys device idling when it empties; in
fact, if the requests of a queue are sync, then performing device
idling for the queue is a necessary condition to guarantee that the
queue receives a fraction of the throughput proportional to its weight
(see [1] for details).

For brevity, we call just weight-raising the combination of these
two preferential treatments. For a newly-created queue,
weight-raising starts immediately and lasts for a time interval that:
1) depends on the device speed and type (rotational or
non-rotational), and 2) is equal to the time needed to load (start up)
a large-size application on that device, with cold caches and with no
additional workload.

Finally, as for guaranteeing a fast execution to interactive,
I/O-related tasks (such as opening a file), consider that any
interactive application blocks and waits for user input both after
starting up and after executing some task. After a while, the user may
trigger new operations, after which the application stops again, and
so on. Accordingly, the low-latency heuristic weight-raises again a
queue in case it becomes backlogged after being idle for a
sufficiently long (configurable) time. The weight-raising then lasts
for the same time as for a just-created queue.

According to our experiments, the combination of this low-latency
heuristic and of the improvements described in the previous patch
allows BFQ to guarantee a high application responsiveness.

[1] P. Valente, A. Avanzini, "Evolution of the BFQ Storage I/O
    Scheduler", Proceedings of the First Workshop on Mobile System
    Technologies (MST-2015), May 2015.
    http://algogroup.unimore.it/people/paolo/disk_sched/mst-2015.pdfSigned-off-by: default avatarPaolo Valente <paolo.valente@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarArianna Avanzini <avanzini.arianna@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarJens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
parent c074170e
...@@ -375,6 +375,11 @@ default, low latency mode is enabled. If enabled, interactive and soft ...@@ -375,6 +375,11 @@ default, low latency mode is enabled. If enabled, interactive and soft
real-time applications are privileged and experience a lower latency, real-time applications are privileged and experience a lower latency,
as explained in more detail in the description of how BFQ works. as explained in more detail in the description of how BFQ works.
DO NOT enable this mode if you need full control on bandwidth
distribution. In fact, if it is enabled, then BFQ automatically
increases the bandwidth share of privileged applications, as the main
means to guarantee a lower latency to them.
timeout_sync timeout_sync
------------ ------------
...@@ -507,6 +512,10 @@ linear mapping between ioprio and weights, described at the beginning ...@@ -507,6 +512,10 @@ linear mapping between ioprio and weights, described at the beginning
of the tunable section, is still valid, but all weights higher than of the tunable section, is still valid, but all weights higher than
IOPRIO_BE_NR*10 are mapped to ioprio 0. IOPRIO_BE_NR*10 are mapped to ioprio 0.
Recall that, if low-latency is set, then BFQ automatically raises the
weight of the queues associated with interactive and soft real-time
applications. Unset this tunable if you need/want to control weights.
[1] P. Valente, A. Avanzini, "Evolution of the BFQ Storage I/O [1] P. Valente, A. Avanzini, "Evolution of the BFQ Storage I/O
Scheduler", Proceedings of the First Workshop on Mobile System Scheduler", Proceedings of the First Workshop on Mobile System
......
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