Merge branch 'for-4.6-ns' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup

Pull cgroup namespace support from Tejun Heo:
 "These are changes to implement namespace support for cgroup which has
  been pending for quite some time now.  It is very straight-forward and
  only affects what part of cgroup hierarchies are visible.

  After unsharing, mounting a cgroup fs will be scoped to the cgroups
  the task belonged to at the time of unsharing and the cgroup paths
  exposed to userland would be adjusted accordingly"

* 'for-4.6-ns' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup:
  cgroup: fix and restructure error handling in copy_cgroup_ns()
  cgroup: fix alloc_cgroup_ns() error handling in copy_cgroup_ns()
  Add FS_USERNS_FLAG to cgroup fs
  cgroup: Add documentation for cgroup namespaces
  cgroup: mount cgroupns-root when inside non-init cgroupns
  kernfs: define kernfs_node_dentry
  cgroup: cgroup namespace setns support
  cgroup: introduce cgroup namespaces
  sched: new clone flag CLONE_NEWCGROUP for cgroup namespace
  kernfs: Add API to generate relative kernfs path

Documentation/cgroup-v2.txt

@@ -47,6 +47,11 @@ CONTENTS
   5-3. IO
     5-3-1. IO Interface Files
     5-3-2. Writeback
+6. Namespace
+  6-1. Basics
+  6-2. The Root and Views
+  6-3. Migration and setns(2)
+  6-4. Interaction with Other Namespaces
 P. Information on Kernel Programming
   P-1. Filesystem Support for Writeback
 D. Deprecated v1 Core Features
@@ -1114,6 +1119,148 @@ writeback as follows.
 	vm.dirty[_background]_ratio.
 
 
+6. Namespace
+
+6-1. Basics
+
+cgroup namespace provides a mechanism to virtualize the view of the
+"/proc/$PID/cgroup" file and cgroup mounts.  The CLONE_NEWCGROUP clone
+flag can be used with clone(2) and unshare(2) to create a new cgroup
+namespace.  The process running inside the cgroup namespace will have
+its "/proc/$PID/cgroup" output restricted to cgroupns root.  The
+cgroupns root is the cgroup of the process at the time of creation of
+the cgroup namespace.
+
+Without cgroup namespace, the "/proc/$PID/cgroup" file shows the
+complete path of the cgroup of a process.  In a container setup where
+a set of cgroups and namespaces are intended to isolate processes the
+"/proc/$PID/cgroup" file may leak potential system level information
+to the isolated processes.  For Example:
+
+  # cat /proc/self/cgroup
+  0::/batchjobs/container_id1
+
+The path '/batchjobs/container_id1' can be considered as system-data
+and undesirable to expose to the isolated processes.  cgroup namespace
+can be used to restrict visibility of this path.  For example, before
+creating a cgroup namespace, one would see:
+
+  # ls -l /proc/self/ns/cgroup
+  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 2014-07-15 10:37 /proc/self/ns/cgroup -> cgroup:[4026531835]
+  # cat /proc/self/cgroup
+  0::/batchjobs/container_id1
+
+After unsharing a new namespace, the view changes.
+
+  # ls -l /proc/self/ns/cgroup
+  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 2014-07-15 10:35 /proc/self/ns/cgroup -> cgroup:[4026532183]
+  # cat /proc/self/cgroup
+  0::/
+
+When some thread from a multi-threaded process unshares its cgroup
+namespace, the new cgroupns gets applied to the entire process (all
+the threads).  This is natural for the v2 hierarchy; however, for the
+legacy hierarchies, this may be unexpected.
+
+A cgroup namespace is alive as long as there are processes inside or
+mounts pinning it.  When the last usage goes away, the cgroup
+namespace is destroyed.  The cgroupns root and the actual cgroups
+remain.
+
+
+6-2. The Root and Views
+
+The 'cgroupns root' for a cgroup namespace is the cgroup in which the
+process calling unshare(2) is running.  For example, if a process in
+/batchjobs/container_id1 cgroup calls unshare, cgroup
+/batchjobs/container_id1 becomes the cgroupns root.  For the
+init_cgroup_ns, this is the real root ('/') cgroup.
+
+The cgroupns root cgroup does not change even if the namespace creator
+process later moves to a different cgroup.
+
+  # ~/unshare -c # unshare cgroupns in some cgroup
+  # cat /proc/self/cgroup
+  0::/
+  # mkdir sub_cgrp_1
+  # echo 0 > sub_cgrp_1/cgroup.procs
+  # cat /proc/self/cgroup
+  0::/sub_cgrp_1
+
+Each process gets its namespace-specific view of "/proc/$PID/cgroup"
+
+Processes running inside the cgroup namespace will be able to see
+cgroup paths (in /proc/self/cgroup) only inside their root cgroup.
+From within an unshared cgroupns:
+
+  # sleep 100000 &
+  [1] 7353
+  # echo 7353 > sub_cgrp_1/cgroup.procs
+  # cat /proc/7353/cgroup
+  0::/sub_cgrp_1
+
+From the initial cgroup namespace, the real cgroup path will be
+visible:
+
+  $ cat /proc/7353/cgroup
+  0::/batchjobs/container_id1/sub_cgrp_1
+
+From a sibling cgroup namespace (that is, a namespace rooted at a
+different cgroup), the cgroup path relative to its own cgroup
+namespace root will be shown.  For instance, if PID 7353's cgroup
+namespace root is at '/batchjobs/container_id2', then it will see
+
+  # cat /proc/7353/cgroup
+  0::/../container_id2/sub_cgrp_1
+
+Note that the relative path always starts with '/' to indicate that
+its relative to the cgroup namespace root of the caller.
+
+
+6-3. Migration and setns(2)
+
+Processes inside a cgroup namespace can move into and out of the
+namespace root if they have proper access to external cgroups.  For
+example, from inside a namespace with cgroupns root at
+/batchjobs/container_id1, and assuming that the global hierarchy is
+still accessible inside cgroupns:
+
+  # cat /proc/7353/cgroup
+  0::/sub_cgrp_1
+  # echo 7353 > batchjobs/container_id2/cgroup.procs
+  # cat /proc/7353/cgroup
+  0::/../container_id2
+
+Note that this kind of setup is not encouraged.  A task inside cgroup
+namespace should only be exposed to its own cgroupns hierarchy.
+
+setns(2) to another cgroup namespace is allowed when:
+
+(a) the process has CAP_SYS_ADMIN against its current user namespace
+(b) the process has CAP_SYS_ADMIN against the target cgroup
+    namespace's userns
+
+No implicit cgroup changes happen with attaching to another cgroup
+namespace.  It is expected that the someone moves the attaching
+process under the target cgroup namespace root.
+
+
+6-4. Interaction with Other Namespaces
+
+Namespace specific cgroup hierarchy can be mounted by a process
+running inside a non-init cgroup namespace.
+
+  # mount -t cgroup2 none $MOUNT_POINT
+
+This will mount the unified cgroup hierarchy with cgroupns root as the
+filesystem root.  The process needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN against its user and
+mount namespaces.
+
+The virtualization of /proc/self/cgroup file combined with restricting
+the view of cgroup hierarchy by namespace-private cgroupfs mount
+provides a properly isolated cgroup view inside the container.
+
+
 P. Information on Kernel Programming
 
 This section contains kernel programming information in the areas

fs/kernfs/dir.c

@@ -44,28 +44,122 @@ static int kernfs_name_locked(struct kernfs_node *kn, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 	return strlcpy(buf, kn->parent ? kn->name : "/", buflen);
 }
 
-static char * __must_check kernfs_path_locked(struct kernfs_node *kn, char *buf,
-					      size_t buflen)
+/* kernfs_node_depth - compute depth from @from to @to */
+static size_t kernfs_depth(struct kernfs_node *from, struct kernfs_node *to)
 {
-	char *p = buf + buflen;
-	int len;
+	size_t depth = 0;
 
-	*--p = '\0';
+	while (to->parent && to != from) {
+		depth++;
+		to = to->parent;
+	}
+	return depth;
+}
 
-	do {
-		len = strlen(kn->name);
-		if (p - buf < len + 1) {
+static struct kernfs_node *kernfs_common_ancestor(struct kernfs_node *a,
+						  struct kernfs_node *b)
+{
+	size_t da, db;
+	struct kernfs_root *ra = kernfs_root(a), *rb = kernfs_root(b);
+
+	if (ra != rb)
+		return NULL;
+
+	da = kernfs_depth(ra->kn, a);
+	db = kernfs_depth(rb->kn, b);
+
+	while (da > db) {
+		a = a->parent;
+		da--;
+	}
+	while (db > da) {
+		b = b->parent;
+		db--;
+	}
+
+	/* worst case b and a will be the same at root */
+	while (b != a) {
+		b = b->parent;
+		a = a->parent;
+	}
+
+	return a;
+}
+
+/**
+ * kernfs_path_from_node_locked - find a pseudo-absolute path to @kn_to,
+ * where kn_from is treated as root of the path.
+ * @kn_from: kernfs node which should be treated as root for the path
+ * @kn_to: kernfs node to which path is needed
+ * @buf: buffer to copy the path into
+ * @buflen: size of @buf
+ *
+ * We need to handle couple of scenarios here:
+ * [1] when @kn_from is an ancestor of @kn_to at some level
+ * kn_from: /n1/n2/n3
+ * kn_to:   /n1/n2/n3/n4/n5
+ * result:  /n4/n5
+ *
+ * [2] when @kn_from is on a different hierarchy and we need to find common
+ * ancestor between @kn_from and @kn_to.
+ * kn_from: /n1/n2/n3/n4
+ * kn_to:   /n1/n2/n5
+ * result:  /../../n5
+ * OR
+ * kn_from: /n1/n2/n3/n4/n5   [depth=5]
+ * kn_to:   /n1/n2/n3         [depth=3]
+ * result:  /../..
+ *
+ * return value: length of the string.  If greater than buflen,
+ * then contents of buf are undefined.  On error, -1 is returned.
+ */
+static int kernfs_path_from_node_locked(struct kernfs_node *kn_to,
+					struct kernfs_node *kn_from,
+					char *buf, size_t buflen)
+{
+	struct kernfs_node *kn, *common;
+	const char parent_str[] = "/..";
+	size_t depth_from, depth_to, len = 0, nlen = 0;
+	char *p;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!kn_from)
+		kn_from = kernfs_root(kn_to)->kn;
+
+	if (kn_from == kn_to)
+		return strlcpy(buf, "/", buflen);
+
+	common = kernfs_common_ancestor(kn_from, kn_to);
+	if (WARN_ON(!common))
+		return -1;
+
+	depth_to = kernfs_depth(common, kn_to);
+	depth_from = kernfs_depth(common, kn_from);
+
+	if (buf)
 		buf[0] = '\0';
-			p = NULL;
-			break;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < depth_from; i++)
+		len += strlcpy(buf + len, parent_str,
+			       len < buflen ? buflen - len : 0);
+
+	/* Calculate how many bytes we need for the rest */
+	for (kn = kn_to; kn != common; kn = kn->parent)
+		nlen += strlen(kn->name) + 1;
+
+	if (len + nlen >= buflen)
+		return len + nlen;
+
+	p = buf + len + nlen;
+	*p = '\0';
+	for (kn = kn_to; kn != common; kn = kn->parent) {
+		nlen = strlen(kn->name);
+		p -= nlen;
+		memcpy(p, kn->name, nlen);
+		*(--p) = '/';
 	}
-		p -= len;
-		memcpy(p, kn->name, len);
-		*--p = '/';
-		kn = kn->parent;
-	} while (kn && kn->parent);
 
-	return p;
+	return len + nlen;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -114,6 +208,34 @@ size_t kernfs_path_len(struct kernfs_node *kn)
 	return len;
 }
 
+/**
+ * kernfs_path_from_node - build path of node @to relative to @from.
+ * @from: parent kernfs_node relative to which we need to build the path
+ * @to: kernfs_node of interest
+ * @buf: buffer to copy @to's path into
+ * @buflen: size of @buf
+ *
+ * Builds @to's path relative to @from in @buf. @from and @to must
+ * be on the same kernfs-root. If @from is not parent of @to, then a relative
+ * path (which includes '..'s) as needed to reach from @from to @to is
+ * returned.
+ *
+ * If @buf isn't long enough, the return value will be greater than @buflen
+ * and @buf contents are undefined.
+ */
+int kernfs_path_from_node(struct kernfs_node *to, struct kernfs_node *from,
+			  char *buf, size_t buflen)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int ret;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&kernfs_rename_lock, flags);
+	ret = kernfs_path_from_node_locked(to, from, buf, buflen);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&kernfs_rename_lock, flags);
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kernfs_path_from_node);
+
 /**
  * kernfs_path - build full path of a given node
  * @kn: kernfs_node of interest
@@ -127,13 +249,12 @@ size_t kernfs_path_len(struct kernfs_node *kn)
  */
 char *kernfs_path(struct kernfs_node *kn, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
-	unsigned long flags;
-	char *p;
+	int ret;
 
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&kernfs_rename_lock, flags);
-	p = kernfs_path_locked(kn, buf, buflen);
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&kernfs_rename_lock, flags);
-	return p;
+	ret = kernfs_path_from_node(kn, NULL, buf, buflen);
+	if (ret < 0 || ret >= buflen)
+		return NULL;
+	return buf;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kernfs_path);
 
@@ -164,17 +285,25 @@ void pr_cont_kernfs_name(struct kernfs_node *kn)
 void pr_cont_kernfs_path(struct kernfs_node *kn)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
-	char *p;
+	int sz;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&kernfs_rename_lock, flags);
 
-	p = kernfs_path_locked(kn, kernfs_pr_cont_buf,
+	sz = kernfs_path_from_node_locked(kn, NULL, kernfs_pr_cont_buf,
 					  sizeof(kernfs_pr_cont_buf));
-	if (p)
-		pr_cont("%s", p);
-	else
-		pr_cont("<name too long>");
+	if (sz < 0) {
+		pr_cont("(error)");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (sz >= sizeof(kernfs_pr_cont_buf)) {
+		pr_cont("(name too long)");
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	pr_cont("%s", kernfs_pr_cont_buf);
 
+out:
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&kernfs_rename_lock, flags);
 }
 

fs/kernfs/mount.c

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include <linux/magic.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
 
 #include "kernfs-internal.h"
 
@@ -62,6 +63,74 @@ struct kernfs_root *kernfs_root_from_sb(struct super_block *sb)
 	return NULL;
 }
 
+/*
+ * find the next ancestor in the path down to @child, where @parent was the
+ * ancestor whose descendant we want to find.
+ *
+ * Say the path is /a/b/c/d.  @child is d, @parent is NULL.  We return the root
+ * node.  If @parent is b, then we return the node for c.
+ * Passing in d as @parent is not ok.
+ */
+static struct kernfs_node *find_next_ancestor(struct kernfs_node *child,
+					      struct kernfs_node *parent)
+{
+	if (child == parent) {
+		pr_crit_once("BUG in find_next_ancestor: called with parent == child");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	while (child->parent != parent) {
+		if (!child->parent)
+			return NULL;
+		child = child->parent;
+	}
+
+	return child;
+}
+
+/**
+ * kernfs_node_dentry - get a dentry for the given kernfs_node
+ * @kn: kernfs_node for which a dentry is needed
+ * @sb: the kernfs super_block
+ */
+struct dentry *kernfs_node_dentry(struct kernfs_node *kn,
+				  struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+	struct kernfs_node *knparent = NULL;
+
+	BUG_ON(sb->s_op != &kernfs_sops);
+
+	dentry = dget(sb->s_root);
+
+	/* Check if this is the root kernfs_node */
+	if (!kn->parent)
+		return dentry;
+
+	knparent = find_next_ancestor(kn, NULL);
+	if (WARN_ON(!knparent))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	do {
+		struct dentry *dtmp;
+		struct kernfs_node *kntmp;
+
+		if (kn == knparent)
+			return dentry;
+		kntmp = find_next_ancestor(kn, knparent);
+		if (WARN_ON(!kntmp))
+			return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+		mutex_lock(&d_inode(dentry)->i_mutex);
+		dtmp = lookup_one_len(kntmp->name, dentry, strlen(kntmp->name));
+		mutex_unlock(&d_inode(dentry)->i_mutex);
+		dput(dentry);
+		if (IS_ERR(dtmp))
+			return dtmp;
+		knparent = kntmp;
+		dentry = dtmp;
+	} while (true);
+}
+
 static int kernfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long magic)
 {
 	struct kernfs_super_info *info = kernfs_info(sb);

fs/proc/namespaces.c

@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ static const struct proc_ns_operations *ns_entries[] = {
 	&userns_operations,
 #endif
 	&mntns_operations,
+#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUPS
+	&cgroupns_operations,
+#endif
 };
 
 static const char *proc_ns_get_link(struct dentry *dentry,

include/linux/cgroup.h

@@ -17,6 +17,11 @@
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
 #include <linux/kernfs.h>
 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
+#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/ns_common.h>
+#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
+#include <linux/user_namespace.h>
 
 #include <linux/cgroup-defs.h>
 
@@ -611,4 +616,48 @@ static inline void cgroup_sk_free(struct sock_cgroup_data *skcd) {}
 
 #endif	/* CONFIG_CGROUP_DATA */
 
+struct cgroup_namespace {
+	atomic_t		count;
+	struct ns_common	ns;
+	struct user_namespace	*user_ns;
+	struct css_set          *root_cset;
+};
+
+extern struct cgroup_namespace init_cgroup_ns;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUPS
+
+void free_cgroup_ns(struct cgroup_namespace *ns);
+
+struct cgroup_namespace *copy_cgroup_ns(unsigned long flags,
+					struct user_namespace *user_ns,
+					struct cgroup_namespace *old_ns);
+
+char *cgroup_path_ns(struct cgroup *cgrp, char *buf, size_t buflen,
+		     struct cgroup_namespace *ns);
+
+#else /* !CONFIG_CGROUPS */
+
+static inline void free_cgroup_ns(struct cgroup_namespace *ns) { }
+static inline struct cgroup_namespace *
+copy_cgroup_ns(unsigned long flags, struct user_namespace *user_ns,
+	       struct cgroup_namespace *old_ns)
+{
+	return old_ns;
+}
+
+#endif /* !CONFIG_CGROUPS */
+
+static inline void get_cgroup_ns(struct cgroup_namespace *ns)
+{
+	if (ns)
+		atomic_inc(&ns->count);
+}
+
+static inline void put_cgroup_ns(struct cgroup_namespace *ns)
+{
+	if (ns && atomic_dec_and_test(&ns->count))
+		free_cgroup_ns(ns);
+}
+
 #endif /* _LINUX_CGROUP_H */

include/linux/kernfs.h

@@ -267,8 +267,9 @@ static inline bool kernfs_ns_enabled(struct kernfs_node *kn)
 
 int kernfs_name(struct kernfs_node *kn, char *buf, size_t buflen);
 size_t kernfs_path_len(struct kernfs_node *kn);
-char * __must_check kernfs_path(struct kernfs_node *kn, char *buf,
-				size_t buflen);
+int kernfs_path_from_node(struct kernfs_node *root_kn, struct kernfs_node *kn,
+			  char *buf, size_t buflen);
+char *kernfs_path(struct kernfs_node *kn, char *buf, size_t buflen);
 void pr_cont_kernfs_name(struct kernfs_node *kn);
 void pr_cont_kernfs_path(struct kernfs_node *kn);
 struct kernfs_node *kernfs_get_parent(struct kernfs_node *kn);
@@ -283,6 +284,8 @@ struct kernfs_node *kernfs_node_from_dentry(struct dentry *dentry);
 struct kernfs_root *kernfs_root_from_sb(struct super_block *sb);
 struct inode *kernfs_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, struct kernfs_node *kn);
 
+struct dentry *kernfs_node_dentry(struct kernfs_node *kn,
+				  struct super_block *sb);
 struct kernfs_root *kernfs_create_root(struct kernfs_syscall_ops *scops,
 				       unsigned int flags, void *priv);
 void kernfs_destroy_root(struct kernfs_root *root);
@@ -338,7 +341,7 @@ static inline int kernfs_name(struct kernfs_node *kn, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 static inline size_t kernfs_path_len(struct kernfs_node *kn)
 { return 0; }
 
-static inline char * __must_check kernfs_path(struct kernfs_node *kn, char *buf,
+static inline char *kernfs_path(struct kernfs_node *kn, char *buf,
 				size_t buflen)
 { return NULL; }
 

include/linux/nsproxy.h

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ struct mnt_namespace;
 struct uts_namespace;
 struct ipc_namespace;
 struct pid_namespace;
+struct cgroup_namespace;
 struct fs_struct;
 
 /*
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ struct nsproxy {
 	struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns;
 	struct pid_namespace *pid_ns_for_children;
 	struct net 	     *net_ns;
+	struct cgroup_namespace *cgroup_ns;
 };
 extern struct nsproxy init_nsproxy;
 

include/linux/proc_ns.h

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 struct pid_namespace;
 struct nsproxy;
 struct path;
+struct task_struct;
+struct inode;
 
 struct proc_ns_operations {
 	const char *name;
@@ -24,6 +26,7 @@ extern const struct proc_ns_operations ipcns_operations;
 extern const struct proc_ns_operations pidns_operations;
 extern const struct proc_ns_operations userns_operations;
 extern const struct proc_ns_operations mntns_operations;
+extern const struct proc_ns_operations cgroupns_operations;
 
 /*
  * We always define these enumerators
@@ -34,6 +37,7 @@ enum {
 	PROC_UTS_INIT_INO	= 0xEFFFFFFEU,
 	PROC_USER_INIT_INO	= 0xEFFFFFFDU,
 	PROC_PID_INIT_INO	= 0xEFFFFFFCU,
+	PROC_CGROUP_INIT_INO	= 0xEFFFFFFBU,
 };
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS

include/uapi/linux/sched.h

@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@
 #define CLONE_DETACHED		0x00400000	/* Unused, ignored */
 #define CLONE_UNTRACED		0x00800000	/* set if the tracing process can't force CLONE_PTRACE on this clone */
 #define CLONE_CHILD_SETTID	0x01000000	/* set the TID in the child */
-/* 0x02000000 was previously the unused CLONE_STOPPED (Start in stopped state)
-   and is now available for re-use. */
+#define CLONE_NEWCGROUP		0x02000000	/* New cgroup namespace */
 #define CLONE_NEWUTS		0x04000000	/* New utsname namespace */
 #define CLONE_NEWIPC		0x08000000	/* New ipc namespace */
 #define CLONE_NEWUSER		0x10000000	/* New user namespace */

kernel/cgroup.c

@@ -59,6 +59,9 @@
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/atomic.h>
 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
+#include <linux/proc_ns.h>
+#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
+#include <linux/proc_ns.h>
 #include <net/sock.h>
 
 /*
@@ -215,6 +218,15 @@ static u16 have_fork_callback __read_mostly;
 static u16 have_exit_callback __read_mostly;
 static u16 have_free_callback __read_mostly;
 
+/* cgroup namespace for init task */
+struct cgroup_namespace init_cgroup_ns = {
+	.count		= { .counter = 2, },
+	.user_ns	= &init_user_ns,
+	.ns.ops		= &cgroupns_operations,
+	.ns.inum	= PROC_CGROUP_INIT_INO,
+	.root_cset	= &init_css_set,
+};
+
 /* Ditto for the can_fork callback. */
 static u16 have_canfork_callback __read_mostly;
 
@@ -2002,6 +2014,7 @@ static struct dentry *cgroup_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 {
 	bool is_v2 = fs_type == &cgroup2_fs_type;
 	struct super_block *pinned_sb = NULL;
+	struct cgroup_namespace *ns = current->nsproxy->cgroup_ns;
 	struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
 	struct cgroup_root *root;
 	struct cgroup_sb_opts opts;
@@ -2010,6 +2023,14 @@ static struct dentry *cgroup_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 	int i;
 	bool new_sb;
 
+	get_cgroup_ns(ns);
+
+	/* Check if the caller has permission to mount. */
+	if (!ns_capable(ns->user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
+		put_cgroup_ns(ns);
+		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * The first time anyone tries to mount a cgroup, enable the list
 	 * linking each css_set to its tasks and fix up all existing tasks.
@@ -2020,6 +2041,7 @@ static struct dentry *cgroup_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 	if (is_v2) {
 		if (data) {
 			pr_err("cgroup2: unknown option \"%s\"\n", (char *)data);
+			put_cgroup_ns(ns);
 			return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 		}
 		cgrp_dfl_visible = true;
@@ -2125,6 +2147,16 @@ static struct dentry *cgroup_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 		goto out_unlock;
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * We know this subsystem has not yet been bound.  Users in a non-init
+	 * user namespace may only mount hierarchies with no bound subsystems,
+	 * i.e. 'none,name=user1'
+	 */
+	if (!opts.none && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
+		ret = -EPERM;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
 	root = kzalloc(sizeof(*root), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!root) {
 		ret = -ENOMEM;
@@ -2143,12 +2175,37 @@ static struct dentry *cgroup_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 	kfree(opts.release_agent);
 	kfree(opts.name);
 
-	if (ret)
+	if (ret) {
+		put_cgroup_ns(ns);
 		return ERR_PTR(ret);
+	}
 out_mount:
 	dentry = kernfs_mount(fs_type, flags, root->kf_root,
 			      is_v2 ? CGROUP2_SUPER_MAGIC : CGROUP_SUPER_MAGIC,
 			      &new_sb);
+
+	/*
+	 * In non-init cgroup namespace, instead of root cgroup's
+	 * dentry, we return the dentry corresponding to the
+	 * cgroupns->root_cgrp.
+	 */
+	if (!IS_ERR(dentry) && ns != &init_cgroup_ns) {
+		struct dentry *nsdentry;
+		struct cgroup *cgrp;
+
+		mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
+		spin_lock_bh(&css_set_lock);
+
+		cgrp = cset_cgroup_from_root(ns->root_cset, root);
+
+		spin_unlock_bh(&css_set_lock);
+		mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+
+		nsdentry = kernfs_node_dentry(cgrp->kn, dentry->d_sb);
+		dput(dentry);
+		dentry = nsdentry;
+	}
+
 	if (IS_ERR(dentry) || !new_sb)
 		cgroup_put(&root->cgrp);
 
@@ -2161,6 +2218,7 @@ static struct dentry *cgroup_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 		deactivate_super(pinned_sb);
 	}
 
+	put_cgroup_ns(ns);
 	return dentry;
 }
 
@@ -2189,14 +2247,45 @@ static struct file_system_type cgroup_fs_type = {
 	.name = "cgroup",
 	.mount = cgroup_mount,
 	.kill_sb = cgroup_kill_sb,
+	.fs_flags = FS_USERNS_MOUNT,
 };
 
 static struct file_system_type cgroup2_fs_type = {
 	.name = "cgroup2",
 	.mount = cgroup_mount,
 	.kill_sb = cgroup_kill_sb,
+	.fs_flags = FS_USERNS_MOUNT,
 };
 
+static char *cgroup_path_ns_locked(struct cgroup *cgrp, char *buf, size_t buflen,
+				   struct cgroup_namespace *ns)
+{
+	struct cgroup *root = cset_cgroup_from_root(ns->root_cset, cgrp->root);
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = kernfs_path_from_node(cgrp->kn, root->kn, buf, buflen);
+	if (ret < 0 || ret >= buflen)
+		return NULL;
+	return buf;
+}
+
+char *cgroup_path_ns(struct cgroup *cgrp, char *buf, size_t buflen,
+		     struct cgroup_namespace *ns)
+{
+	char *ret;
+
+	mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
+	spin_lock_bh(&css_set_lock);
+
+	ret = cgroup_path_ns_locked(cgrp, buf, buflen, ns);
+
+	spin_unlock_bh(&css_set_lock);
+	mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_path_ns);
+
 /**
  * task_cgroup_path - cgroup path of a task in the first cgroup hierarchy
  * @task: target task
@@ -2224,7 +2313,7 @@ char *task_cgroup_path(struct task_struct *task, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 
 	if (root) {
 		cgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(task, root);
-		path = cgroup_path(cgrp, buf, buflen);
+		path = cgroup_path_ns_locked(cgrp, buf, buflen, &init_cgroup_ns);
 	} else {
 		/* if no hierarchy exists, everyone is in "/" */
 		if (strlcpy(buf, "/", buflen) < buflen)
@@ -5450,6 +5539,8 @@ int __init cgroup_init(void)
 	BUG_ON(cgroup_init_cftypes(NULL, cgroup_dfl_base_files));
 	BUG_ON(cgroup_init_cftypes(NULL, cgroup_legacy_base_files));
 
+	get_user_ns(init_cgroup_ns.user_ns);
+
 	mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
 	/*
@@ -5601,7 +5692,8 @@ int proc_cgroup_show(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
 		 * " (deleted)" is appended to the cgroup path.
 		 */
 		if (cgroup_on_dfl(cgrp) || !(tsk->flags & PF_EXITING)) {
-			path = cgroup_path(cgrp, buf, PATH_MAX);
+			path = cgroup_path_ns_locked(cgrp, buf, PATH_MAX,
+						current->nsproxy->cgroup_ns);
 			if (!path) {
 				retval = -ENAMETOOLONG;
 				goto out_unlock;
@@ -5886,7 +5978,9 @@ static void cgroup_release_agent(struct work_struct *work)
 	if (!pathbuf || !agentbuf)
 		goto out;
 
-	path = cgroup_path(cgrp, pathbuf, PATH_MAX);
+	spin_lock_bh(&css_set_lock);
+	path = cgroup_path_ns_locked(cgrp, pathbuf, PATH_MAX, &init_cgroup_ns);
+	spin_unlock_bh(&css_set_lock);
 	if (!path)
 		goto out;
 
@@ -6098,6 +6192,133 @@ void cgroup_sk_free(struct sock_cgroup_data *skcd)
 
 #endif	/* CONFIG_SOCK_CGROUP_DATA */
 
+/* cgroup namespaces */
+
+static struct cgroup_namespace *alloc_cgroup_ns(void)
+{
+	struct cgroup_namespace *new_ns;
+	int ret;
+
+	new_ns = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cgroup_namespace), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!new_ns)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	ret = ns_alloc_inum(&new_ns->ns);
+	if (ret) {
+		kfree(new_ns);
+		return ERR_PTR(ret);
+	}
+	atomic_set(&new_ns->count, 1);
+	new_ns->ns.ops = &cgroupns_operations;
+	return new_ns;
+}
+
+void free_cgroup_ns(struct cgroup_namespace *ns)
+{
+	put_css_set(ns->root_cset);
+	put_user_ns(ns->user_ns);
+	ns_free_inum(&ns->ns);
+	kfree(ns);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_cgroup_ns);
+
+struct cgroup_namespace *copy_cgroup_ns(unsigned long flags,
+					struct user_namespace *user_ns,
+					struct cgroup_namespace *old_ns)
+{
+	struct cgroup_namespace *new_ns;
+	struct css_set *cset;
+
+	BUG_ON(!old_ns);
+
+	if (!(flags & CLONE_NEWCGROUP)) {
+		get_cgroup_ns(old_ns);
+		return old_ns;
+	}
+
+	/* Allow only sysadmin to create cgroup namespace. */
+	if (!ns_capable(user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+
+	mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
+	spin_lock_bh(&css_set_lock);
+
+	cset = task_css_set(current);
+	get_css_set(cset);
+
+	spin_unlock_bh(&css_set_lock);
+	mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+
+	new_ns = alloc_cgroup_ns();
+	if (IS_ERR(new_ns)) {
+		put_css_set(cset);
+		return new_ns;
+	}
+
+	new_ns->user_ns = get_user_ns(user_ns);
+	new_ns->root_cset = cset;
+
+	return new_ns;
+}
+
+static inline struct cgroup_namespace *to_cg_ns(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	return container_of(ns, struct cgroup_namespace, ns);
+}
+
+static int cgroupns_install(struct nsproxy *nsproxy, struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	struct cgroup_namespace *cgroup_ns = to_cg_ns(ns);
+
+	if (!ns_capable(current_user_ns(), CAP_SYS_ADMIN) ||
+	    !ns_capable(cgroup_ns->user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	/* Don't need to do anything if we are attaching to our own cgroupns. */
+	if (cgroup_ns == nsproxy->cgroup_ns)
+		return 0;
+
+	get_cgroup_ns(cgroup_ns);
+	put_cgroup_ns(nsproxy->cgroup_ns);
+	nsproxy->cgroup_ns = cgroup_ns;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct ns_common *cgroupns_get(struct task_struct *task)
+{
+	struct cgroup_namespace *ns = NULL;
+	struct nsproxy *nsproxy;
+
+	task_lock(task);
+	nsproxy = task->nsproxy;
+	if (nsproxy) {
+		ns = nsproxy->cgroup_ns;
+		get_cgroup_ns(ns);
+	}
+	task_unlock(task);
+
+	return ns ? &ns->ns : NULL;
+}
+
+static void cgroupns_put(struct ns_common *ns)
+{
+	put_cgroup_ns(to_cg_ns(ns));
+}
+
+const struct proc_ns_operations cgroupns_operations = {
+	.name		= "cgroup",
+	.type		= CLONE_NEWCGROUP,
+	.get		= cgroupns_get,
+	.put		= cgroupns_put,
+	.install	= cgroupns_install,
+};
+
+static __init int cgroup_namespaces_init(void)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+subsys_initcall(cgroup_namespaces_init);
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_DEBUG
 static struct cgroup_subsys_state *
 debug_css_alloc(struct cgroup_subsys_state *parent_css)

kernel/cpuset.c

@@ -2714,10 +2714,10 @@ int proc_cpuset_show(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
 		goto out;
 
 	retval = -ENAMETOOLONG;
-	rcu_read_lock();
-	css = task_css(tsk, cpuset_cgrp_id);
-	p = cgroup_path(css->cgroup, buf, PATH_MAX);
-	rcu_read_unlock();
+	css = task_get_css(tsk, cpuset_cgrp_id);
+	p = cgroup_path_ns(css->cgroup, buf, PATH_MAX,
+			   current->nsproxy->cgroup_ns);
+	css_put(css);
 	if (!p)
 		goto out_free;
 	seq_puts(m, p);

kernel/fork.c

@@ -1892,7 +1892,7 @@ static int check_unshare_flags(unsigned long unshare_flags)
 	if (unshare_flags & ~(CLONE_THREAD|CLONE_FS|CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_SIGHAND|
 				CLONE_VM|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SYSVSEM|
 				CLONE_NEWUTS|CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWNET|
-				CLONE_NEWUSER|CLONE_NEWPID))
+				CLONE_NEWUSER|CLONE_NEWPID|CLONE_NEWCGROUP))
 		return -EINVAL;
 	/*
 	 * Not implemented, but pretend it works if there is nothing

kernel/nsproxy.c

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <linux/proc_ns.h>
 #include <linux/file.h>
 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
+#include <linux/cgroup.h>
 
 static struct kmem_cache *nsproxy_cachep;
 
@@ -39,6 +40,9 @@ struct nsproxy init_nsproxy = {
 #ifdef CONFIG_NET
 	.net_ns			= &init_net,
 #endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUPS
+	.cgroup_ns		= &init_cgroup_ns,
+#endif
 };
 
 static inline struct nsproxy *create_nsproxy(void)
@@ -92,6 +96,13 @@ static struct nsproxy *create_new_namespaces(unsigned long flags,
 		goto out_pid;
 	}
 
+	new_nsp->cgroup_ns = copy_cgroup_ns(flags, user_ns,
+					    tsk->nsproxy->cgroup_ns);
+	if (IS_ERR(new_nsp->cgroup_ns)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(new_nsp->cgroup_ns);
+		goto out_cgroup;
+	}
+
 	new_nsp->net_ns = copy_net_ns(flags, user_ns, tsk->nsproxy->net_ns);
 	if (IS_ERR(new_nsp->net_ns)) {
 		err = PTR_ERR(new_nsp->net_ns);
@@ -101,6 +112,8 @@ static struct nsproxy *create_new_namespaces(unsigned long flags,
 	return new_nsp;
 
 out_net:
+	put_cgroup_ns(new_nsp->cgroup_ns);
+out_cgroup:
 	if (new_nsp->pid_ns_for_children)
 		put_pid_ns(new_nsp->pid_ns_for_children);
 out_pid:
@@ -128,7 +141,8 @@ int copy_namespaces(unsigned long flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
 	struct nsproxy *new_ns;
 
 	if (likely(!(flags & (CLONE_NEWNS | CLONE_NEWUTS | CLONE_NEWIPC |
-			      CLONE_NEWPID | CLONE_NEWNET)))) {
+			      CLONE_NEWPID | CLONE_NEWNET |
+			      CLONE_NEWCGROUP)))) {
 		get_nsproxy(old_ns);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -165,6 +179,7 @@ void free_nsproxy(struct nsproxy *ns)
 		put_ipc_ns(ns->ipc_ns);
 	if (ns->pid_ns_for_children)
 		put_pid_ns(ns->pid_ns_for_children);
+	put_cgroup_ns(ns->cgroup_ns);
 	put_net(ns->net_ns);
 	kmem_cache_free(nsproxy_cachep, ns);
 }
@@ -180,7 +195,7 @@ int unshare_nsproxy_namespaces(unsigned long unshare_flags,
 	int err = 0;
 
 	if (!(unshare_flags & (CLONE_NEWNS | CLONE_NEWUTS | CLONE_NEWIPC |
-			       CLONE_NEWNET | CLONE_NEWPID)))
+			       CLONE_NEWNET | CLONE_NEWPID | CLONE_NEWCGROUP)))
 		return 0;
 
 	user_ns = new_cred ? new_cred->user_ns : current_user_ns();