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Commit f68ac62d authored by Mauro Carvalho Chehab's avatar Mauro Carvalho Chehab Committed by Jonathan Corbet
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clk.txt: standardize document format 

Each text file under Documentation follows a different
format. Some doesn't even have titles!

Change its representation to follow the adopted standard,
using ReST markups for it to be parseable by Sphinx:

- Use section/title markups;
- Use :Author: for authorship;
- Mark literals and literal blocks;
- Mark tables;
- Use ReST notation for footnotes.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarJonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
parent f1d8b71c
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Documentation/clk.txt
View file @ f68ac62d
The Common Clk Framework
Mike Turquette <mturquette@ti.com>
========================
The Common Clk Framework
========================
:Author: Mike Turquette <mturquette@ti.com>
This document endeavours to explain the common clk framework details,
and how to port a platform over to this framework. It is not yet a
detailed explanation of the clock api in include/linux/clk.h, but
perhaps someday it will include that information.
Part 1 - introduction and interface split
Introduction and interface split
================================
The common clk framework is an interface to control the clock nodes
available on various devices today. This may come in the form of clock
......@@ -35,10 +39,11 @@ is defined in struct clk_foo and pointed to within struct clk_core. This
allows for easy navigation between the two discrete halves of the common
clock interface.
Part 2 - common data structures and api
Common data structures and api
==============================
Below is the common struct clk_core definition from
drivers/clk/clk.c, modified for brevity:
drivers/clk/clk.c, modified for brevity::
struct clk_core {
const char *name;
......@@ -59,7 +64,7 @@ struct clk. That api is documented in include/linux/clk.h.
Platforms and devices utilizing the common struct clk_core use the struct
clk_ops pointer in struct clk_core to perform the hardware-specific parts of
the operations defined in clk-provider.h:
the operations defined in clk-provider.h::
struct clk_ops {
int (*prepare)(struct clk_hw *hw);
......@@ -95,19 +100,20 @@ the operations defined in clk-provider.h:
struct dentry *dentry);
};
Part 3 - hardware clk implementations
Hardware clk implementations
============================
The strength of the common struct clk_core comes from its .ops and .hw pointers
which abstract the details of struct clk from the hardware-specific bits, and
vice versa. To illustrate consider the simple gateable clk implementation in
drivers/clk/clk-gate.c:
drivers/clk/clk-gate.c::
struct clk_gate {
struct clk_gate {
struct clk_hw hw;
void __iomem *reg;
u8 bit_idx;
...
};
};
struct clk_gate contains struct clk_hw hw as well as hardware-specific
knowledge about which register and bit controls this clk's gating.
......@@ -115,7 +121,7 @@ Nothing about clock topology or accounting, such as enable_count or
notifier_count, is needed here. That is all handled by the common
framework code and struct clk_core.
Let's walk through enabling this clk from driver code:
Let's walk through enabling this clk from driver code::
struct clk *clk;
clk = clk_get(NULL, "my_gateable_clk");
......@@ -123,62 +129,63 @@ Let's walk through enabling this clk from driver code:
clk_prepare(clk);
clk_enable(clk);
The call graph for clk_enable is very simple:
The call graph for clk_enable is very simple::
clk_enable(clk);
clk_enable(clk);
clk->ops->enable(clk->hw);
[resolves to...]
clk_gate_enable(hw);
[resolves struct clk gate with to_clk_gate(hw)]
clk_gate_set_bit(gate);
And the definition of clk_gate_set_bit:
And the definition of clk_gate_set_bit::
static void clk_gate_set_bit(struct clk_gate *gate)
{
static void clk_gate_set_bit(struct clk_gate *gate)
{
u32 reg;
reg = __raw_readl(gate->reg);
reg |= BIT(gate->bit_idx);
writel(reg, gate->reg);
}
}
Note that to_clk_gate is defined as:
Note that to_clk_gate is defined as::
#define to_clk_gate(_hw) container_of(_hw, struct clk_gate, hw)
#define to_clk_gate(_hw) container_of(_hw, struct clk_gate, hw)
This pattern of abstraction is used for every clock hardware
representation.
Part 4 - supporting your own clk hardware
Supporting your own clk hardware
================================
When implementing support for a new type of clock it is only necessary to
include the following header:
include the following header::
#include <linux/clk-provider.h>
#include <linux/clk-provider.h>
To construct a clk hardware structure for your platform you must define
the following:
the following::
struct clk_foo {
struct clk_foo {
struct clk_hw hw;
... hardware specific data goes here ...
};
};
To take advantage of your data you'll need to support valid operations
for your clk:
for your clk::
struct clk_ops clk_foo_ops {
struct clk_ops clk_foo_ops {
.enable = &clk_foo_enable;
.disable = &clk_foo_disable;
};
};
Implement the above functions using container_of:
Implement the above functions using container_of::
#define to_clk_foo(_hw) container_of(_hw, struct clk_foo, hw)
#define to_clk_foo(_hw) container_of(_hw, struct clk_foo, hw)
int clk_foo_enable(struct clk_hw *hw)
{
int clk_foo_enable(struct clk_hw *hw)
{
struct clk_foo *foo;
foo = to_clk_foo(hw);
......@@ -186,7 +193,7 @@ int clk_foo_enable(struct clk_hw *hw)
... perform magic on foo ...
return 0;
};
};
Below is a matrix detailing which clk_ops are mandatory based upon the
hardware capabilities of that clock. A cell marked as "y" means
......@@ -194,41 +201,56 @@ mandatory, a cell marked as "n" implies that either including that
callback is invalid or otherwise unnecessary. Empty cells are either
optional or must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
clock hardware characteristics
-----------------------------------------------------------
| gate | change rate | single parent | multiplexer | root |
|------|-------------|---------------|-------------|------|
.prepare | | | | | |
.unprepare | | | | | |
| | | | | |
.enable | y | | | | |
.disable | y | | | | |
.is_enabled | y | | | | |
| | | | | |
.recalc_rate | | y | | | |
.round_rate | | y [1] | | | |
.determine_rate | | y [1] | | | |
.set_rate | | y | | | |
| | | | | |
.set_parent | | | n | y | n |
.get_parent | | | n | y | n |
| | | | | |
.recalc_accuracy| | | | | |
| | | | | |
.init | | | | | |
-----------------------------------------------------------
[1] either one of round_rate or determine_rate is required.
.. table:: clock hardware characteristics
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
| | gate | change rate | single parent | multiplexer | root |
+================+======+=============+===============+=============+======+
|.prepare | | | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.unprepare | | | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.enable | y | | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.disable | y | | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.is_enabled | y | | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.recalc_rate | | y | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.round_rate | | y [1]_ | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.determine_rate | | y [1]_ | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.set_rate | | y | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.set_parent | | | n | y | n |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.get_parent | | | n | y | n |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.recalc_accuracy| | | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
|.init | | | | | |
+----------------+------+-------------+---------------+-------------+------+
.. [1] either one of round_rate or determine_rate is required.
Finally, register your clock at run-time with a hardware-specific
registration function. This function simply populates struct clk_foo's
data and then passes the common struct clk parameters to the framework
with a call to:
with a call to::
clk_register(...)
clk_register(...)
See the basic clock types in drivers/clk/clk-*.c for examples.
See the basic clock types in ``drivers/clk/clk-*.c`` for examples.
Part 5 - Disabling clock gating of unused clocks
Disabling clock gating of unused clocks
=======================================
Sometimes during development it can be useful to be able to bypass the
default disabling of unused clocks. For example, if drivers aren't enabling
......@@ -239,7 +261,8 @@ are sorted out.
To bypass this disabling, include "clk_ignore_unused" in the bootargs to the
kernel.
Part 6 - Locking
Locking
=======
The common clock framework uses two global locks, the prepare lock and the
enable lock.
......
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