create table t1 (a int, b int) engine=MyISAM;
create table t2 (c int, d int) engine=MyISAM;
insert into t1 values (1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(2,2),(4,4),(4,4),(4,4);
insert into t2 values (1,1),(1,1),(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(3,3),(5,5);
select * from t1 except select * from t2;
a	b
4	4
select * from t1 except all select * from t2;
a	b
4	4
2	2
4	4
4	4
select * from t1 except all select c+1,d+1 from t2;
a	b
1	1
4	4
(select * from t1) except all (select * from t2);
a	b
4	4
2	2
4	4
4	4
select * from ((select * from t1) except all (select * from t2)) a;
a	b
4	4
2	2
4	4
4	4
select * from ((select a from t1) except all (select c from t2)) a;
a
4
2
4
4
select * from t1 except all select * from t1 union all select * from t1 union all select * from t1 except select * from t2;
a	b
4	4
select * from t1 except all select * from t1 union all select * from t1 union all select * from t1 except all select * from t2;
a	b
4	4
2	2
4	4
4	4
4	4
4	4
4	4
2	2
2	2
select * from (select * from t1 except all select * from t2) q1 except all select * from (select * from t1 except all select * from t2) q2;
a	b
EXPLAIN select * from t1 except all select * from t2;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	
2	EXCEPT	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	
NULL	EXCEPT RESULT	<except1,2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
EXPLAIN format=json select * from t1 except all select * from t2;
EXPLAIN
{
  "query_block": {
    "union_result": {
      "table_name": "<except1,2>",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "query_specifications": [
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 1,
            "table": {
              "table_name": "t1",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "rows": 7,
              "filtered": 100
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 2,
            "operation": "EXCEPT",
            "table": {
              "table_name": "t2",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "rows": 7,
              "filtered": 100
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
EXPLAIN extended (select * from t1) except all (select * from t2);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	100.00	
2	EXCEPT	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	100.00	
NULL	EXCEPT RESULT	<except1,2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	(/* select#1 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a`,`test`.`t1`.`b` AS `b` from `test`.`t1`) except all (/* select#2 */ select `test`.`t2`.`c` AS `c`,`test`.`t2`.`d` AS `d` from `test`.`t2`)
EXPLAIN extended select * from ((select * from t1) except all (select * from t2)) a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	100.00	
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	100.00	
3	EXCEPT	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	100.00	
NULL	EXCEPT RESULT	<except2,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1 */ select `a`.`a` AS `a`,`a`.`b` AS `b` from ((/* select#2 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a`,`test`.`t1`.`b` AS `b` from `test`.`t1`) except all (/* select#3 */ select `test`.`t2`.`c` AS `c`,`test`.`t2`.`d` AS `d` from `test`.`t2`)) `a`
ANALYZE format=json select * from ((select a,b from t1) except all (select c,d from t2)) a;
ANALYZE
{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "r_loops": 1,
    "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
    "table": {
      "table_name": "<derived2>",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "r_loops": 1,
      "rows": 7,
      "r_rows": 4,
      "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
      "filtered": 100,
      "r_filtered": 100,
      "materialized": {
        "query_block": {
          "union_result": {
            "table_name": "<except2,3>",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "r_loops": 1,
            "r_rows": 4,
            "query_specifications": [
              {
                "query_block": {
                  "select_id": 2,
                  "r_loops": 1,
                  "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                  "table": {
                    "table_name": "t1",
                    "access_type": "ALL",
                    "r_loops": 1,
                    "rows": 7,
                    "r_rows": 7,
                    "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                    "filtered": 100,
                    "r_filtered": 100
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "query_block": {
                  "select_id": 3,
                  "operation": "EXCEPT",
                  "r_loops": 1,
                  "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                  "table": {
                    "table_name": "t2",
                    "access_type": "ALL",
                    "r_loops": 1,
                    "rows": 7,
                    "r_rows": 7,
                    "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                    "filtered": 100,
                    "r_filtered": 100
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
ANALYZE format=json select * from ((select a from t1) except all (select c from t2)) a;
ANALYZE
{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "r_loops": 1,
    "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
    "table": {
      "table_name": "<derived2>",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "r_loops": 1,
      "rows": 7,
      "r_rows": 4,
      "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
      "filtered": 100,
      "r_filtered": 100,
      "materialized": {
        "query_block": {
          "union_result": {
            "table_name": "<except2,3>",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "r_loops": 1,
            "r_rows": 4,
            "query_specifications": [
              {
                "query_block": {
                  "select_id": 2,
                  "r_loops": 1,
                  "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                  "table": {
                    "table_name": "t1",
                    "access_type": "ALL",
                    "r_loops": 1,
                    "rows": 7,
                    "r_rows": 7,
                    "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                    "filtered": 100,
                    "r_filtered": 100
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "query_block": {
                  "select_id": 3,
                  "operation": "EXCEPT",
                  "r_loops": 1,
                  "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                  "table": {
                    "table_name": "t2",
                    "access_type": "ALL",
                    "r_loops": 1,
                    "rows": 7,
                    "r_rows": 7,
                    "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                    "filtered": 100,
                    "r_filtered": 100
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
select * from ((select a from t1) except all (select c from t2)) a;
a
4
2
4
4
prepare stmt from "(select a,b from t1) except all (select c,d from t2)";
execute stmt;
a	b
4	4
2	2
4	4
4	4
execute stmt;
a	b
4	4
2	2
4	4
4	4
prepare stmt from "select * from ((select a,b from t1) except all (select c,d from t2)) a";
execute stmt;
a	b
4	4
2	2
4	4
4	4
execute stmt;
a	b
4	4
2	2
4	4
4	4
drop tables t1,t2;
create table t1 (a int, b int) engine=MyISAM;
create table t2 (c int, d int) engine=MyISAM;
create table t3 (e int, f int) engine=MyISAM;
create table t4 (g int, h int) engine=MyISAM;
insert into t1 values (1,1),(2,2),(2,2);
insert into t2 values (2,2),(3,3);
insert into t3 values (4,4),(5,5),(4,4);
insert into t4 values (4,4),(7,7),(4,4);
(select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4);
a	b	e	f
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
1	1	5	5
2	2	5	5
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
2	2	5	5
select * from ((select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4)) t;
a	b	e	f
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
1	1	5	5
2	2	5	5
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
2	2	5	5
(select * from t1,t3) except all (select * from t2,t4);
a	b	e	f
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
1	1	5	5
2	2	5	5
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
2	2	5	5
(select a,b,e from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g from t2,t4);
a	b	e
1	1	4
2	2	4
1	1	5
2	2	5
1	1	4
2	2	4
2	2	5
EXPLAIN (select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	
1	PRIMARY	t3	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
2	EXCEPT	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	
2	EXCEPT	t4	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
NULL	EXCEPT RESULT	<except1,2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
EXPLAIN select * from ((select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4)) t;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	9	
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	
2	DERIVED	t3	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
3	EXCEPT	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	
3	EXCEPT	t4	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
NULL	EXCEPT RESULT	<except2,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
EXPLAIN extended select * from ((select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4)) t;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	9	100.00	
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	100.00	
2	DERIVED	t3	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	100.00	Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
3	EXCEPT	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	2	100.00	
3	EXCEPT	t4	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	100.00	Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
NULL	EXCEPT RESULT	<except2,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	/* select#1 */ select `t`.`a` AS `a`,`t`.`b` AS `b`,`t`.`e` AS `e`,`t`.`f` AS `f` from ((/* select#2 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a`,`test`.`t1`.`b` AS `b`,`test`.`t3`.`e` AS `e`,`test`.`t3`.`f` AS `f` from `test`.`t1` join `test`.`t3`) except all (/* select#3 */ select `test`.`t2`.`c` AS `c`,`test`.`t2`.`d` AS `d`,`test`.`t4`.`g` AS `g`,`test`.`t4`.`h` AS `h` from `test`.`t2` join `test`.`t4`)) `t`
EXPLAIN format=json select * from ((select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4)) t;
EXPLAIN
{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "<derived2>",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "rows": 9,
      "filtered": 100,
      "materialized": {
        "query_block": {
          "union_result": {
            "table_name": "<except2,3>",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "query_specifications": [
              {
                "query_block": {
                  "select_id": 2,
                  "table": {
                    "table_name": "t1",
                    "access_type": "ALL",
                    "rows": 3,
                    "filtered": 100
                  },
                  "block-nl-join": {
                    "table": {
                      "table_name": "t3",
                      "access_type": "ALL",
                      "rows": 3,
                      "filtered": 100
                    },
                    "buffer_type": "flat",
                    "buffer_size": "119",
                    "join_type": "BNL"
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "query_block": {
                  "select_id": 3,
                  "operation": "EXCEPT",
                  "table": {
                    "table_name": "t2",
                    "access_type": "ALL",
                    "rows": 2,
                    "filtered": 100
                  },
                  "block-nl-join": {
                    "table": {
                      "table_name": "t4",
                      "access_type": "ALL",
                      "rows": 3,
                      "filtered": 100
                    },
                    "buffer_type": "flat",
                    "buffer_size": "119",
                    "join_type": "BNL"
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
ANALYZE format=json (select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4);
ANALYZE
{
  "query_block": {
    "union_result": {
      "table_name": "<except1,2>",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "r_loops": 1,
      "r_rows": 7,
      "query_specifications": [
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 1,
            "r_loops": 1,
            "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
            "table": {
              "table_name": "t1",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "r_loops": 1,
              "rows": 3,
              "r_rows": 3,
              "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
              "filtered": 100,
              "r_filtered": 100
            },
            "block-nl-join": {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "t3",
                "access_type": "ALL",
                "r_loops": 1,
                "rows": 3,
                "r_rows": 3,
                "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                "filtered": 100,
                "r_filtered": 100
              },
              "buffer_type": "flat",
              "buffer_size": "119",
              "join_type": "BNL",
              "r_filtered": 100
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "query_block": {
            "select_id": 2,
            "operation": "EXCEPT",
            "r_loops": 1,
            "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
            "table": {
              "table_name": "t2",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "r_loops": 1,
              "rows": 2,
              "r_rows": 2,
              "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
              "filtered": 100,
              "r_filtered": 100
            },
            "block-nl-join": {
              "table": {
                "table_name": "t4",
                "access_type": "ALL",
                "r_loops": 1,
                "rows": 3,
                "r_rows": 3,
                "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                "filtered": 100,
                "r_filtered": 100
              },
              "buffer_type": "flat",
              "buffer_size": "119",
              "join_type": "BNL",
              "r_filtered": 100
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
ANALYZE format=json select * from ((select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4)) t;
ANALYZE
{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "r_loops": 1,
    "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
    "table": {
      "table_name": "<derived2>",
      "access_type": "ALL",
      "r_loops": 1,
      "rows": 9,
      "r_rows": 7,
      "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
      "filtered": 100,
      "r_filtered": 100,
      "materialized": {
        "query_block": {
          "union_result": {
            "table_name": "<except2,3>",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "r_loops": 1,
            "r_rows": 7,
            "query_specifications": [
              {
                "query_block": {
                  "select_id": 2,
                  "r_loops": 1,
                  "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                  "table": {
                    "table_name": "t1",
                    "access_type": "ALL",
                    "r_loops": 1,
                    "rows": 3,
                    "r_rows": 3,
                    "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                    "filtered": 100,
                    "r_filtered": 100
                  },
                  "block-nl-join": {
                    "table": {
                      "table_name": "t3",
                      "access_type": "ALL",
                      "r_loops": 1,
                      "rows": 3,
                      "r_rows": 3,
                      "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                      "filtered": 100,
                      "r_filtered": 100
                    },
                    "buffer_type": "flat",
                    "buffer_size": "119",
                    "join_type": "BNL",
                    "r_filtered": 100
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "query_block": {
                  "select_id": 3,
                  "operation": "EXCEPT",
                  "r_loops": 1,
                  "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                  "table": {
                    "table_name": "t2",
                    "access_type": "ALL",
                    "r_loops": 1,
                    "rows": 2,
                    "r_rows": 2,
                    "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                    "filtered": 100,
                    "r_filtered": 100
                  },
                  "block-nl-join": {
                    "table": {
                      "table_name": "t4",
                      "access_type": "ALL",
                      "r_loops": 1,
                      "rows": 3,
                      "r_rows": 3,
                      "r_total_time_ms": "REPLACED",
                      "filtered": 100,
                      "r_filtered": 100
                    },
                    "buffer_type": "flat",
                    "buffer_size": "119",
                    "join_type": "BNL",
                    "r_filtered": 100
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
prepare stmt from "(select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4)";
execute stmt;
a	b	e	f
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
1	1	5	5
2	2	5	5
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
2	2	5	5
execute stmt;
a	b	e	f
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
1	1	5	5
2	2	5	5
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
2	2	5	5
prepare stmt from "select * from ((select a,b,e,f from t1,t3) except all (select c,d,g,h from t2,t4)) a";
execute stmt;
a	b	e	f
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
1	1	5	5
2	2	5	5
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
2	2	5	5
execute stmt;
a	b	e	f
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
1	1	5	5
2	2	5	5
1	1	4	4
2	2	4	4
2	2	5	5
drop tables t1,t2,t3,t4;
select 1 as a from dual except all select 1 from dual;
a
(select 1 from dual) except all (select 1 from dual);
1
(select 1 from dual into @v) except all (select 1 from dual);
ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'into @v) except all (select 1 from dual)' at line 1
select 1 from dual ORDER BY 1 except all select 1 from dual;
ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'except all select 1 from dual' at line 1
select 1 as a from dual union all select 1 from dual;
a
1
1
create table t1 (a int, b blob, a1 int, b1 blob) engine=MyISAM;
create table t2 (c int, d blob, c1 int, d1 blob) engine=MyISAM;
insert into t1 values (1,"ddd", 1, "sdfrrwwww"),(2, "fgh", 2, "dffggtt"),(2, "fgh", 2, "dffggtt");
insert into t2 values (2, "fgh", 2, "dffggtt"),(3, "ffggddd", 3, "dfgg");
(select a,b,b1 from t1) except all (select c,d,d1 from t2);
a	b	b1
1	ddd	sdfrrwwww
2	fgh	dffggtt
create table t3 (select a,b,b1 from t1) except all (select c,d,d1 from t2);
show create table t3;
Table	Create Table
t3	CREATE TABLE `t3` (
  `a` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `b` blob DEFAULT NULL,
  `b1` blob DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
drop tables t1,t2,t3;
CREATE TABLE t (i INT);
INSERT INTO t VALUES (1),(2);
SELECT * FROM t WHERE i != ANY ( SELECT 3 EXCEPT ALL SELECT 3 );
i
drop table t;
