MDEV-21724: Optimize page_cur_insert_low() redo logging
Inserting a record into an index page involves updating multiple fields in the page header as well as updating the next-record links and potentially updating fields related to the sparse page directory. Let us cover the insert operations by higher-level log records, to avoid 'redundant' logging about the writes. The code for applying the high-level log records will check the consistency of the page thoroughly, to avoid crashes during recovery. We will refuse to replay the inserts if any inconsistency is detected. With innodb_force_recovery=1, recovery will continue, but the affected pages may be more inconsistent if some changes were omitted. mrec_ext_t: Introduce the EXTENDED record subtypes INSERT_HEAP_REDUNDANT, INSERT_REUSE_REDUNDANT, INSERT_HEAP_DYNAMIC, INSERT_REUSE_DYNAMIC. The record will explicitly identify the page type and whether the space will be allocated from PAGE_HEAP_TOP or reused from the PAGE_FREE list. It will also tell how many bytes to copy from the preceding record header and payload, and how to initialize the rest of the record header and payload. mtr_t::page_insert(): Write the high-level log records. log_phys_t::apply(): Parse the high-level log records. page_apply_insert_redundant(), page_apply_insert_dynamic(): Apply the high-level log records. page_dir_split_slot(): Introduce a variant that does not write log nor deal with ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED pages. page_mem_alloc_heap(): Remove the mtr_t parameter page_cur_insert_rec_low(): Write log only via mtr_t::page_insert().
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