MDEV-25491: Race condition between DROP TABLE and purge of SYS_INDEXES record

btr_free_if_exists(): Always use the BUF_GET_POSSIBLY_FREED mode
when accessing pages, because due to MDEV-24589 the function
fil_space_t::set_stopping(true) can be called at any time during
the execution of this function.

mtr_t::m_freeing_tree: New data member for debugging purposes.

buf_page_get_low(): Assert that the BUF_GET mode is not being used
anywhere during the execution of btr_free_if_exists().

In all code related to freeing or allocating pages, we will add some
robustness, by making more use of BUF_GET_POSSIBLY_FREED and by
reporting an error instead of crashing in some cases of corruption.

storage/innobase/btr/btr0btr.cc

@@ -939,9 +939,11 @@ static void btr_free_root(buf_block_t *block, mtr_t *mtr)
 #endif /* UNIV_BTR_DEBUG */
 
   /* Free the entire segment in small steps. */
+  ut_d(mtr->freeing_tree());
   while (!fseg_free_step(PAGE_HEADER + PAGE_BTR_SEG_TOP + block->frame, mtr));
 }
 
+MY_ATTRIBUTE((warn_unused_result))
 /** Prepare to free a B-tree.
 @param[in]	page_id		page id
 @param[in]	zip_size	ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED page size, or 0
@@ -949,33 +951,29 @@ static void btr_free_root(buf_block_t *block, mtr_t *mtr)
 @param[in,out]	mtr		mini-transaction
 @return root block, to invoke btr_free_but_not_root() and btr_free_root()
 @retval NULL if the page is no longer a matching B-tree page */
-static MY_ATTRIBUTE((warn_unused_result))
-buf_block_t*
-btr_free_root_check(
-	const page_id_t		page_id,
-	ulint			zip_size,
-	index_id_t		index_id,
-	mtr_t*			mtr)
+static
+buf_block_t *btr_free_root_check(const page_id_t page_id, ulint zip_size,
+				 index_id_t index_id, mtr_t *mtr)
 {
-	ut_ad(page_id.space() != SRV_TMP_SPACE_ID);
-	ut_ad(index_id != BTR_FREED_INDEX_ID);
-
-	buf_block_t*	block = buf_page_get(
-		page_id, zip_size, RW_X_LATCH, mtr);
-
-	if (block) {
-		if (fil_page_index_page_check(block->frame)
-		    && index_id == btr_page_get_index_id(block->frame)) {
-			/* This should be a root page.
-			It should not be possible to reassign the same
-			index_id for some other index in the tablespace. */
-			ut_ad(!page_has_siblings(block->frame));
-		} else {
-			block = NULL;
-		}
-	}
+  ut_ad(page_id.space() != SRV_TMP_SPACE_ID);
+  ut_ad(index_id != BTR_FREED_INDEX_ID);
+
+  buf_block_t *block= buf_page_get_gen(page_id, zip_size, RW_X_LATCH,
+                                       nullptr, BUF_GET_POSSIBLY_FREED, mtr);
+
+  if (!block);
+  else if (block->page.status == buf_page_t::FREED)
+    block= nullptr;
+  else if (fil_page_index_page_check(block->frame) &&
+           index_id == btr_page_get_index_id(block->frame))
+    /* This should be a root page. It should not be possible to
+    reassign the same index_id for some other index in the
+    tablespace. */
+    ut_ad(!page_has_siblings(block->frame));
+  else
+    block= nullptr;
 
-	return(block);
+  return block;
 }
 
 /** Initialize the root page of the b-tree
@@ -1131,6 +1129,7 @@ btr_free_but_not_root(
 	ut_ad(!page_has_siblings(block->frame));
 leaf_loop:
 	mtr_start(&mtr);
+	ut_d(mtr.freeing_tree());
 	mtr_set_log_mode(&mtr, log_mode);
 	mtr.set_named_space_id(block->page.id().space());
 
@@ -1230,23 +1229,20 @@ void dict_index_t::clear(que_thr_t *thr)
 @param[in]	zip_size	ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED page size, or 0
 @param[in]	index_id	PAGE_INDEX_ID contents
 @param[in,out]	mtr		mini-transaction */
-void
-btr_free_if_exists(
-	const page_id_t		page_id,
-	ulint			zip_size,
-	index_id_t		index_id,
-	mtr_t*			mtr)
+void btr_free_if_exists(const page_id_t page_id, ulint zip_size,
+                        index_id_t index_id, mtr_t *mtr)
 {
-	buf_block_t* root = btr_free_root_check(
-		page_id, zip_size, index_id, mtr);
-
-	if (root == NULL) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	btr_free_but_not_root(root, mtr->get_log_mode());
-	mtr->set_named_space_id(page_id.space());
-	btr_free_root(root, mtr);
+  if (fil_space_t *space= fil_space_t::get(page_id.space()))
+  {
+    if (buf_block_t *root= btr_free_root_check(page_id, zip_size, index_id,
+                                               mtr))
+    {
+      btr_free_but_not_root(root, mtr->get_log_mode());
+      mtr->set_named_space(space);
+      btr_free_root(root, mtr);
+    }
+    space->release();
+  }
 }
 
 /** Free an index tree in a temporary tablespace.

storage/innobase/buf/buf0buf.cc

@@ -2585,6 +2585,7 @@ buf_page_get_low(
 		/* fall through */
 	case BUF_GET:
 	case BUF_GET_IF_IN_POOL_OR_WATCH:
+		ut_ad(!mtr->is_freeing_tree());
 		fil_space_t* s = fil_space_get(page_id.space());
 		ut_ad(s);
 		ut_ad(s->zip_size() == zip_size);

storage/innobase/fsp/fsp0fsp.cc

@@ -125,13 +125,16 @@ fseg_alloc_free_page_low(
 @param[in]      space           tablespace
 @param[in,out]  mtr             mini-transaction
 @return pointer to the space header, page x-locked */
-inline buf_block_t *fsp_get_header(const fil_space_t *space, mtr_t *mtr)
+static buf_block_t *fsp_get_header(const fil_space_t *space, mtr_t *mtr)
 {
- buf_block_t *block= buf_page_get(page_id_t(space->id, 0), space->zip_size(),
-                                  RW_SX_LATCH, mtr);
- ut_ad(space->id == mach_read_from_4(FSP_HEADER_OFFSET + FSP_SPACE_ID +
-                                     block->frame));
- return block;
+  buf_block_t *block= buf_page_get_gen(page_id_t(space->id, 0),
+                                       space->zip_size(), RW_SX_LATCH,
+                                       nullptr, BUF_GET_POSSIBLY_FREED, mtr);
+  if (!block || block->page.status == buf_page_t::FREED)
+    return nullptr;
+  ut_ad(space->id == mach_read_from_4(FSP_HEADER_OFFSET + FSP_SPACE_ID +
+                                      block->frame));
+  return block;
 }
 
 /** Set the XDES_FREE_BIT of a page.
@@ -302,8 +305,8 @@ fseg_mark_page_used(fseg_inode_t *seg_inode, buf_block_t *iblock,
 @param[in,out]	sp_header	tablespace header page, x-latched
 @param[in]	space		tablespace
 @param[in]	offset		page offset
-@param[out]	desc_block	descriptor block
 @param[in,out]	mtr		mini-transaction
+@param[out]	desc_block	descriptor block
 @param[in]	init_space	whether the tablespace is being initialized
 @return pointer to the extent descriptor, NULL if the page does not
 exist in the space or if the offset exceeds free limit */
@@ -313,8 +316,8 @@ xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(
 	buf_block_t*		header,
 	const fil_space_t*	space,
 	page_no_t		offset,
-	buf_block_t**		desc_block,
 	mtr_t*			mtr,
+	buf_block_t**		desc_block = nullptr,
 	bool			init_space = false)
 {
 	ut_ad(space->is_owner());
@@ -368,15 +371,18 @@ defined, as they are uninitialized above the free limit.
 @param[in]	space		tablespace
 @param[in]	offset		page offset; if equal to the free limit, we
 try to add new extents to the space free list
-@param[out]	xdes		extent descriptor page
 @param[in,out]	mtr		mini-transaction
+@param[out]	xdes		extent descriptor page
 @return the extent descriptor */
-static xdes_t* xdes_get_descriptor(const fil_space_t *space, page_no_t offset,
-                                   buf_block_t **xdes, mtr_t *mtr)
+static xdes_t *xdes_get_descriptor(const fil_space_t *space, page_no_t offset,
+                                   mtr_t *mtr, buf_block_t **xdes= nullptr)
 {
-  buf_block_t *block= buf_page_get(page_id_t(space->id, 0), space->zip_size(),
-                                   RW_SX_LATCH, mtr);
-  return xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(block, space, offset, xdes, mtr);
+  buf_block_t *block= buf_page_get_gen(page_id_t(space->id, 0),
+                                       space->zip_size(), RW_SX_LATCH,
+                                       nullptr, BUF_GET_POSSIBLY_FREED, mtr);
+  if (!block || block->page.status == buf_page_t::FREED)
+    return nullptr;
+  return xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(block, space, offset, mtr, xdes);
 }
 
 /** Get the extent descriptor of a page.
@@ -429,27 +435,23 @@ xdes_get_descriptor_const(
 	return(NULL);
 }
 
+MY_ATTRIBUTE((nonnull(3), warn_unused_result))
 /** Get a pointer to the extent descriptor. The page where the
 extent descriptor resides is x-locked.
-@param[in]	space		tablespace
-@param[in]	lst_node	file address of the list node
-				contained in the descriptor
-@param[out]	block		extent descriptor block
-@param[in,out]	mtr		mini-transaction
+@param space    tablespace
+@param lst_node file address of the list node contained in the descriptor
+@param mode     BUF_GET or BUF_GET_POSSIBLY_FREED
+@param mtr      mini-transaction
+@param block    extent descriptor block
 @return pointer to the extent descriptor */
-MY_ATTRIBUTE((nonnull, warn_unused_result))
-UNIV_INLINE
-xdes_t*
-xdes_lst_get_descriptor(
-	const fil_space_t*	space,
-	fil_addr_t		lst_node,
-	buf_block_t**		block,
-	mtr_t*			mtr)
+static inline
+xdes_t *xdes_lst_get_descriptor(const fil_space_t &space, fil_addr_t lst_node,
+                                mtr_t *mtr, buf_block_t **block= nullptr)
 {
-	ut_ad(mtr->memo_contains(*space));
-	return fut_get_ptr(space->id, space->zip_size(),
-			   lst_node, RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, block)
-		- XDES_FLST_NODE;
+  ut_ad(mtr->memo_contains(space));
+  auto b= fut_get_ptr(space.id, space.zip_size(), lst_node, RW_SX_LATCH,
+                      mtr, block);
+  return b ? b - XDES_FLST_NODE : nullptr;
 }
 
 /********************************************************************//**
@@ -904,7 +906,12 @@ fsp_fill_free_list(
 
 		buf_block_t* xdes = nullptr;
 		xdes_t*	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(
-			header, space, i, &xdes, mtr, init_space);
+			header, space, i, mtr, &xdes, init_space);
+		if (!descr) {
+			ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+			return;
+		}
+
 		if (xdes != header && !space->full_crc32()) {
 			fil_block_check_type(*xdes, FIL_PAGE_TYPE_XDES, mtr);
 		}
@@ -957,18 +964,26 @@ fsp_alloc_free_extent(
 {
 	fil_addr_t	first;
 	xdes_t*		descr;
-	buf_block_t*	desc_block = NULL;
+	buf_block_t*	desc_block;
 
 	buf_block_t* header = fsp_get_header(space, mtr);
+	if (!header) {
+		ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+		return nullptr;
+	}
 
 	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(
-		header, space, hint, &desc_block, mtr);
+		header, space, hint, mtr, &desc_block);
+	if (!descr) {
+		ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+		return nullptr;
+	}
 
 	if (desc_block != header && !space->full_crc32()) {
 		fil_block_check_type(*desc_block, FIL_PAGE_TYPE_XDES, mtr);
 	}
 
-	if (descr && (xdes_get_state(descr) == XDES_FREE)) {
+	if (xdes_get_state(descr) == XDES_FREE) {
 		/* Ok, we can take this extent */
 	} else {
 		/* Take the first extent in the free list */
@@ -985,8 +1000,12 @@ fsp_alloc_free_extent(
 			}
 		}
 
-		descr = xdes_lst_get_descriptor(space, first, &desc_block,
-						mtr);
+		descr = xdes_lst_get_descriptor(*space, first, mtr,
+						&desc_block);
+		if (!descr) {
+			ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+			return nullptr;
+		}
 	}
 
 	flst_remove(header, FSP_HEADER_OFFSET + FSP_FREE, desc_block,
@@ -1073,11 +1092,16 @@ fsp_alloc_free_page(
 
 	ut_d(space->modify_check(*mtr));
 	buf_block_t* block = fsp_get_header(space, mtr);
+
+	if (!block) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+
 	buf_block_t *xdes;
 
 	/* Get the hinted descriptor */
-	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(block, space, hint, &xdes,
-						   mtr);
+	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(block, space, hint, mtr,
+						   &xdes);
 
 	if (descr && (xdes_get_state(descr) == XDES_FREE_FRAG)) {
 		/* Ok, we can take this extent */
@@ -1096,10 +1120,9 @@ fsp_alloc_free_page(
 
 			descr = fsp_alloc_free_extent(space, hint, &xdes, mtr);
 
-			if (descr == NULL) {
+			if (!descr) {
 				/* No free space left */
-
-				return(NULL);
+				return nullptr;
 			}
 
 			xdes_set_state(*xdes, descr, XDES_FREE_FRAG, mtr);
@@ -1108,8 +1131,12 @@ fsp_alloc_free_page(
 					      descr - xdes->frame
 					      + XDES_FLST_NODE), mtr);
 		} else {
-			descr = xdes_lst_get_descriptor(space, first, &xdes,
-							mtr);
+			descr = xdes_lst_get_descriptor(*space, first, mtr,
+							&xdes);
+			if (!descr) {
+				ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+				return nullptr;
+			}
 		}
 
 		/* Reset the hint */
@@ -1121,11 +1148,11 @@ fsp_alloc_free_page(
 
 	uint32_t free = xdes_find_free(descr, hint % FSP_EXTENT_SIZE);
 	if (free == FIL_NULL) {
-
-		ut_print_buf(stderr, ((byte*) descr) - 500, 1000);
-		putc('\n', stderr);
-
-		ut_error;
+		ib::error() << "Allocation metadata for file '"
+			    << space->chain.start->name
+			    << "' is corrupted";
+		ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+		return nullptr;
 	}
 
 	uint32_t page_no = xdes_get_offset(descr) + free;
@@ -1178,10 +1205,18 @@ static void fsp_free_page(fil_space_t* space, page_no_t offset, mtr_t* mtr)
 	/* fprintf(stderr, "Freeing page %lu in space %lu\n", page, space); */
 
 	buf_block_t* header = fsp_get_header(space, mtr);
-	buf_block_t* xdes= 0;
+	if (!header) {
+		ut_ad(space->is_stopping());
+		return;
+	}
+	buf_block_t* xdes;
 
-	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(header, space, offset,
-						   &xdes, mtr);
+	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(header, space, offset, mtr,
+						   &xdes);
+	if (!descr) {
+		ut_ad(space->is_stopping());
+		return;
+	}
 
 	state = xdes_get_state(descr);
 
@@ -1263,10 +1298,17 @@ static void fsp_free_extent(fil_space_t* space, page_no_t offset, mtr_t* mtr)
   ut_ad(space->is_owner());
 
   buf_block_t *block= fsp_get_header(space, mtr);
-  buf_block_t *xdes= 0;
+  if (!block)
+    return;
+  buf_block_t *xdes;
+  xdes_t* descr= xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(block, space, offset, mtr,
+                                                    &xdes);
+  if (!descr)
+  {
+    ut_ad(space->is_stopping());
+    return;
+  }
 
-  xdes_t* descr= xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(block, space, offset,
-                                                    &xdes, mtr);
   ut_a(xdes_get_state(descr) != XDES_FREE);
 
   xdes_init(*xdes, descr, mtr);
@@ -1441,6 +1483,9 @@ static void fsp_free_seg_inode(
 	ut_d(space->modify_check(*mtr));
 
 	buf_block_t* header = fsp_get_header(space, mtr);
+	if (!header) {
+		return;
+	}
 
 	ut_ad(mach_read_from_4(inode + FSEG_MAGIC_N) == FSEG_MAGIC_N_VALUE);
 
@@ -1489,11 +1534,11 @@ fseg_inode_try_get(
 	inode_addr.boffset = mach_read_from_2(header + FSEG_HDR_OFFSET);
 	ut_ad(space == mach_read_from_4(header + FSEG_HDR_SPACE));
 
-	inode = fut_get_ptr(space, zip_size, inode_addr, RW_SX_LATCH, mtr,
-			    block);
-
-	if (UNIV_UNLIKELY(!mach_read_from_8(inode + FSEG_ID))) {
+	inode = fut_get_ptr(space, zip_size, inode_addr, RW_SX_LATCH,
+			    mtr, block);
 
+	if (UNIV_UNLIKELY(!inode)) {
+	} else if (UNIV_UNLIKELY(!mach_read_from_8(inode + FSEG_ID))) {
 		inode = NULL;
 	} else {
 		ut_ad(mach_read_from_4(inode + FSEG_MAGIC_N)
@@ -1519,10 +1564,9 @@ fseg_inode_get(
 	mtr_t*			mtr,
 	buf_block_t**		block = NULL)
 {
-	fseg_inode_t*	inode
-		= fseg_inode_try_get(header, space, zip_size, mtr, block);
-	ut_a(inode);
-	return(inode);
+  fseg_inode_t *inode= fseg_inode_try_get(header, space, zip_size, mtr, block);
+  ut_a(inode);
+  return inode;
 }
 
 /** Get the page number from the nth fragment page slot.
@@ -1669,6 +1713,11 @@ fseg_create(fil_space_t *space, ulint byte_offset, mtr_t *mtr,
 	}
 
 	buf_block_t* header = fsp_get_header(space, mtr);
+	if (!header) {
+		ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+		goto funct_exit;
+	}
+
 	buf_block_t* iblock;
 
 	inode = fsp_alloc_seg_inode(space, header, &iblock, mtr);
@@ -1823,7 +1872,7 @@ fseg_fill_free_list(
 
 	for (i = 0; i < FSEG_FREE_LIST_MAX_LEN; i++) {
 		buf_block_t* xdes;
-		descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, hint, &xdes, mtr);
+		descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, hint, mtr, &xdes);
 
 		if (!descr || (XDES_FREE != xdes_get_state(descr))) {
 			/* We cannot allocate the desired extent: stop */
@@ -1880,7 +1929,14 @@ fseg_alloc_free_extent(
 
 		first = flst_get_first(inode + FSEG_FREE);
 
-		descr = xdes_lst_get_descriptor(space, first, xdes, mtr);
+		descr = xdes_lst_get_descriptor(*space, first, mtr, xdes);
+		if (UNIV_UNLIKELY(!descr)) {
+			ib::error() << "Allocation metadata for file '"
+				    << space->chain.start->name
+				    << "' is corrupted";
+			ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+			return nullptr;
+		}
 	} else {
 		/* Segment free list was empty, allocate from space */
 		descr = fsp_alloc_free_extent(space, 0, xdes, mtr);
@@ -1963,15 +2019,22 @@ fseg_alloc_free_page_low(
 	reserved = fseg_n_reserved_pages_low(seg_inode, &used);
 
 	buf_block_t* header = fsp_get_header(space, mtr);
+	if (!header) {
+		ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+		return nullptr;
+	}
 
-	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(header, space, hint,
-						   &xdes, mtr);
-	if (descr == NULL) {
+	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(header, space, hint, mtr,
+						   &xdes);
+	if (!descr) {
 		/* Hint outside space or too high above free limit: reset
 		hint */
 		/* The file space header page is always allocated. */
 		hint = 0;
-		descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, hint, &xdes, mtr);
+		descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, hint, mtr, &xdes);
+		if (!descr) {
+			return nullptr;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/* In the big if-else below we look for ret_page and ret_descr */
@@ -2066,7 +2129,15 @@ fseg_alloc_free_page_low(
 			return(NULL);
 		}
 
-		ret_descr = xdes_lst_get_descriptor(space, first, &xdes, mtr);
+		ret_descr = xdes_lst_get_descriptor(*space, first, mtr, &xdes);
+		if (!ret_descr) {
+			ib::error() << "Allocation metadata for file '"
+				    << space->chain.start->name
+				    << "' is corrupted";
+			ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+			return nullptr;
+		}
+
 		ret_page = xdes_find_free(ret_descr);
 		if (ret_page == FIL_NULL) {
 			ut_ad(!has_done_reservation);
@@ -2150,7 +2221,7 @@ fseg_alloc_free_page_low(
 		or FSEG_FREE), and the page is not yet marked as used. */
 
 		ut_d(buf_block_t* xxdes);
-		ut_ad(xdes_get_descriptor(space, ret_page, &xxdes, mtr)
+		ut_ad(xdes_get_descriptor(space, ret_page, mtr, &xxdes)
 		      == ret_descr);
 		ut_ad(xdes == xxdes);
 		ut_ad(xdes_is_free(ret_descr, ret_page % FSP_EXTENT_SIZE));
@@ -2252,12 +2323,16 @@ fsp_reserve_free_pages(
 	ut_a(!is_system_tablespace(space->id));
 	ut_a(size < FSP_EXTENT_SIZE);
 
-	buf_block_t* xdes;
-	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(header, space, 0, &xdes,
-						   mtr);
+	descr = xdes_get_descriptor_with_space_hdr(header, space, 0, mtr);
+	if (!descr) {
+		return false;
+	}
 	uint32_t n_used = xdes_get_n_used(descr);
 
-	ut_a(n_used <= size);
+	if (n_used > size) {
+		ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+		return false;
+	}
 
 	return(size >= n_used + n_pages
 	       || fsp_try_extend_data_file_with_pages(
@@ -2323,6 +2398,9 @@ fsp_reserve_free_extents(
 	const unsigned physical_size = space->physical_size();
 
 	buf_block_t* header = fsp_get_header(space, mtr);
+	if (!header) {
+		ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+	}
 try_again:
 	uint32_t size = mach_read_from_4(FSP_HEADER_OFFSET + FSP_SIZE
 					 + header->frame);
@@ -2446,16 +2524,16 @@ fseg_free_page_low(
 	const uint32_t extent_size = FSP_EXTENT_SIZE;
 	ut_ad(ut_is_2pow(extent_size));
 	buf_block_t* xdes;
-	xdes_t* descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, offset, &xdes, mtr);
+	xdes_t* descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, offset, mtr, &xdes);
 
-	if (xdes_is_free(descr, offset & (extent_size - 1))) {
-		ib::fatal() << "InnoDB is trying to free page "
-			<< page_id_t(space->id, offset)
-			<< " though it is already marked as free in the"
-			" tablespace! The tablespace free space info is"
-			" corrupt. You may need to dump your tables and"
-			" recreate the whole database!"
-			<< FORCE_RECOVERY_MSG;
+	if (!descr || xdes_is_free(descr, offset & (extent_size - 1))) {
+		if (space->is_stopping()) {
+			return;
+		}
+		ib::error() << "Page " << offset << " in file '"
+			    << space->chain.start->name
+			    << "' is already marked as free";
+		return;
 	}
 
 	if (xdes_get_state(descr) != XDES_FSEG) {
@@ -2483,18 +2561,12 @@ fseg_free_page_low(
 	seg_id = mach_read_from_8(seg_inode + FSEG_ID);
 
 	if (UNIV_UNLIKELY(descr_id != seg_id)) {
-		fputs("InnoDB: Dump of the tablespace extent descriptor: ",
-		      stderr);
-		ut_print_buf(stderr, descr, 40);
-		fputs("\nInnoDB: Dump of the segment inode: ", stderr);
-		ut_print_buf(stderr, seg_inode, 40);
-		putc('\n', stderr);
-
-		ib::fatal() << "InnoDB is trying to free page "
-			<< page_id_t(space->id, offset)
-			<< ", which does not belong to segment " << descr_id
-			<< " but belongs to segment " << seg_id << "."
-			<< FORCE_RECOVERY_MSG;
+		ib::error() << "InnoDB is trying to free page " << offset
+			    << " in file '" << space->chain.start->name
+			    << "' which does not belong to segment "
+			    << descr_id
+			    << " but belongs to segment " << seg_id;
+		return;
 	}
 
 	byte* p_not_full = seg_inode + FSEG_NOT_FULL_N_USED;
@@ -2538,36 +2610,29 @@ fseg_free_page_low(
 @param[in]	offset		page number
 @param[in,out]	mtr		mini-transaction
 @param[in]	have_latch	whether space->x_lock() was already called */
-void
-fseg_free_page(
-	fseg_header_t*	seg_header,
-	fil_space_t*	space,
-	uint32_t	offset,
-	mtr_t*		mtr,
-	bool		have_latch)
+void fseg_free_page(fseg_header_t *seg_header, fil_space_t *space,
+                    uint32_t offset, mtr_t *mtr, bool have_latch)
 {
-	DBUG_ENTER("fseg_free_page");
-	fseg_inode_t*		seg_inode;
-	buf_block_t*		iblock;
-	if (have_latch) {
-		ut_ad(space->is_owner());
-	} else {
-		mtr->x_lock_space(space);
-	}
-
-	DBUG_LOG("fseg_free_page", "space_id: " << space->id
-		 << ", page_no: " << offset);
-
-	seg_inode = fseg_inode_get(seg_header, space->id, space->zip_size(),
-				   mtr,
-				   &iblock);
-	if (!space->full_crc32()) {
-		fil_block_check_type(*iblock, FIL_PAGE_INODE, mtr);
-	}
-
-	fseg_free_page_low(seg_inode, iblock, space, offset, mtr);
+  DBUG_ENTER("fseg_free_page");
+  buf_block_t *iblock;
+  if (have_latch)
+    ut_ad(space->is_owner());
+  else
+    mtr->x_lock_space(space);
+
+  DBUG_PRINT("fseg_free_page",
+             ("space_id: " ULINTPF ", page_no: %u", space->id, offset));
+
+  if (fseg_inode_t *seg_inode= fseg_inode_try_get(seg_header,
+                                                  space->id, space->zip_size(),
+                                                  mtr, &iblock))
+  {
+    if (!space->full_crc32())
+      fil_block_check_type(*iblock, FIL_PAGE_INODE, mtr);
+    fseg_free_page_low(seg_inode, iblock, space, offset, mtr);
+  }
 
-	DBUG_VOID_RETURN;
+  DBUG_VOID_RETURN;
 }
 
 /** Determine whether a page is free.
@@ -2619,11 +2684,13 @@ fseg_free_extent(
 #endif /* BTR_CUR_HASH_ADAPT */
 	)
 {
-
-	ut_ad(mtr != NULL);
-
 	buf_block_t* xdes;
-	xdes_t*	descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, page, &xdes, mtr);
+	xdes_t*	descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, page, mtr, &xdes);
+
+	if (!descr) {
+		ut_ad(space->is_stopping());
+		return;
+	}
 
 	ut_a(xdes_get_state(descr) == XDES_FSEG);
 	ut_a(!memcmp(descr + XDES_ID, seg_inode + FSEG_ID, 8));
@@ -2705,8 +2772,12 @@ fseg_free_step(
 	const uint32_t header_page = page_get_page_no(page_align(header));
 
 	fil_space_t* space = mtr->x_lock_space(space_id);
-	buf_block_t* xdes;
-	xdes_t* descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, header_page, &xdes, mtr);
+	xdes_t* descr = xdes_get_descriptor(space, header_page, mtr);
+
+	if (!descr) {
+		ut_ad(space->is_stopping());
+		DBUG_RETURN(true);
+	}
 
 	/* Check that the header resides on a page which has not been
 	freed yet */
@@ -2715,10 +2786,13 @@ fseg_free_step(
 	buf_block_t* iblock;
 	const ulint zip_size = space->zip_size();
 	inode = fseg_inode_try_get(header, space_id, zip_size, mtr, &iblock);
+	if (space->is_stopping()) {
+		DBUG_RETURN(true);
+	}
 
 	if (inode == NULL) {
-		ib::info() << "Double free of inode from "
-			<< page_id_t(space_id, header_page);
+		ib::warn() << "Double free of inode from "
+			   << page_id_t(space_id, header_page);
 		DBUG_RETURN(true);
 	}
 
@@ -2727,6 +2801,10 @@ fseg_free_step(
 	}
 	descr = fseg_get_first_extent(inode, space, mtr);
 
+	if (space->is_stopping()) {
+		DBUG_RETURN(true);
+	}
+
 	if (descr != NULL) {
 		/* Free the extent held by the segment */
 		fseg_free_extent(inode, iblock, space, xdes_get_offset(descr),
@@ -2779,8 +2857,6 @@ fseg_free_step_not_header(
 #endif /* BTR_CUR_HASH_ADAPT */
 	)
 {
-	ulint		n;
-	xdes_t*		descr;
 	fseg_inode_t*	inode;
 
 	const uint32_t space_id = page_get_space_id(page_align(header));
@@ -2789,15 +2865,24 @@ fseg_free_step_not_header(
 	fil_space_t*		space = mtr->x_lock_space(space_id);
 	buf_block_t*		iblock;
 
-	inode = fseg_inode_get(header, space_id, space->zip_size(), mtr,
-			       &iblock);
+	inode = fseg_inode_try_get(header, space_id, space->zip_size(),
+				   mtr, &iblock);
+	if (space->is_stopping()) {
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if (!inode) {
+		ib::warn() << "Double free of "
+			   << page_id_t(space_id,
+					page_get_page_no(page_align(header)));
+		return true;
+	}
+
 	if (!space->full_crc32()) {
 		fil_block_check_type(*iblock, FIL_PAGE_INODE, mtr);
 	}
 
-	descr = fseg_get_first_extent(inode, space, mtr);
-
-	if (descr != NULL) {
+	if (xdes_t* descr = fseg_get_first_extent(inode, space, mtr)) {
 		/* Free the extent held by the segment */
 		fseg_free_extent(inode, iblock, space, xdes_get_offset(descr),
 				 mtr
@@ -2810,7 +2895,7 @@ fseg_free_step_not_header(
 
 	/* Free a frag page */
 
-	n = fseg_find_last_used_frag_page_slot(inode);
+	ulint n = fseg_find_last_used_frag_page_slot(inode);
 
 	ut_a(n != ULINT_UNDEFINED);
 
@@ -2856,15 +2941,15 @@ fseg_get_first_extent(
 	} else if (flst_get_len(inode + FSEG_FREE) > 0) {
 		first = flst_get_first(inode + FSEG_FREE);
 	} else {
-		return(NULL);
+		return nullptr;
 	}
 
-	DBUG_ASSERT(first.page != FIL_NULL);
-
-	buf_block_t *xdes;
+	if (first.page == FIL_NULL) {
+		ut_ad("corruption" == 0);
+		return nullptr;
+	}
 
-	return(first.page == FIL_NULL ? NULL
-	       : xdes_lst_get_descriptor(space, first, &xdes, mtr));
+	return xdes_lst_get_descriptor(*space, first, mtr);
 }
 
 #ifdef UNIV_BTR_PRINT

storage/innobase/fut/fut0lst.cc

 /*****************************************************************************
 
 Copyright (c) 1995, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
-Copyright (c) 2019, 2020, MariaDB Corporation.
+Copyright (c) 2019, 2021, MariaDB Corporation.
 
 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
@@ -150,10 +150,10 @@ static void flst_insert_after(buf_block_t *base, uint16_t boffset,
   else
   {
     buf_block_t *block;
-    flst_node_t *next= fut_get_ptr(add->page.id().space(), add->zip_size(),
-                                   next_addr, RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &block);
-    flst_write_addr(*block, next + FLST_PREV,
-                    add->page.id().page_no(), aoffset, mtr);
+    if (flst_node_t *next= fut_get_ptr(add->page.id().space(), add->zip_size(),
+                                       next_addr, RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &block))
+      flst_write_addr(*block, next + FLST_PREV,
+                      add->page.id().page_no(), aoffset, mtr);
   }
 
   flst_write_addr(*cur, cur->frame + coffset + FLST_NEXT,
@@ -201,10 +201,10 @@ static void flst_insert_before(buf_block_t *base, uint16_t boffset,
   else
   {
     buf_block_t *block;
-    flst_node_t *prev= fut_get_ptr(add->page.id().space(), add->zip_size(),
-                                   prev_addr, RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &block);
-    flst_write_addr(*block, prev + FLST_NEXT,
-                    add->page.id().page_no(), aoffset, mtr);
+    if (flst_node_t *prev= fut_get_ptr(add->page.id().space(), add->zip_size(),
+                                       prev_addr, RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &block))
+      flst_write_addr(*block, prev + FLST_NEXT,
+                      add->page.id().page_no(), aoffset, mtr);
   }
 
   flst_write_addr(*cur, cur->frame + coffset + FLST_PREV,
@@ -254,9 +254,10 @@ void flst_add_last(buf_block_t *base, uint16_t boffset,
       ? add->frame + addr.boffset
       : fut_get_ptr(add->page.id().space(), add->zip_size(), addr,
                     RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &cur);
-    flst_insert_after(base, boffset, cur,
-                      static_cast<uint16_t>(c - cur->frame),
-                      add, aoffset, mtr);
+    if (c)
+      flst_insert_after(base, boffset, cur,
+                        static_cast<uint16_t>(c - cur->frame),
+                        add, aoffset, mtr);
   }
 }
 
@@ -287,9 +288,10 @@ void flst_add_first(buf_block_t *base, uint16_t boffset,
       ? add->frame + addr.boffset
       : fut_get_ptr(add->page.id().space(), add->zip_size(), addr,
                     RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &cur);
-    flst_insert_before(base, boffset, cur,
-                       static_cast<uint16_t>(c - cur->frame),
-                       add, aoffset, mtr);
+    if (c)
+      flst_insert_before(base, boffset, cur,
+                         static_cast<uint16_t>(c - cur->frame),
+                         add, aoffset, mtr);
   }
 }
 
@@ -318,12 +320,12 @@ void flst_remove(buf_block_t *base, uint16_t boffset,
   else
   {
     buf_block_t *block= cur;
-    flst_node_t *prev= prev_addr.page == cur->page.id().page_no()
-      ? cur->frame + prev_addr.boffset
-      : fut_get_ptr(cur->page.id().space(), cur->zip_size(), prev_addr,
-                    RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &block);
-    flst_write_addr(*block, prev + FLST_NEXT,
-                    next_addr.page, next_addr.boffset, mtr);
+    if (flst_node_t *prev= prev_addr.page == cur->page.id().page_no()
+        ? cur->frame + prev_addr.boffset
+        : fut_get_ptr(cur->page.id().space(), cur->zip_size(), prev_addr,
+                      RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &block))
+      flst_write_addr(*block, prev + FLST_NEXT,
+                      next_addr.page, next_addr.boffset, mtr);
   }
 
   if (next_addr.page == FIL_NULL)
@@ -332,12 +334,12 @@ void flst_remove(buf_block_t *base, uint16_t boffset,
   else
   {
     buf_block_t *block= cur;
-    flst_node_t *next= next_addr.page == cur->page.id().page_no()
-      ? cur->frame + next_addr.boffset
-      : fut_get_ptr(cur->page.id().space(), cur->zip_size(), next_addr,
-                    RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &block);
-    flst_write_addr(*block, next + FLST_PREV,
-                    prev_addr.page, prev_addr.boffset, mtr);
+    if (flst_node_t *next= next_addr.page == cur->page.id().page_no()
+        ? cur->frame + next_addr.boffset
+        : fut_get_ptr(cur->page.id().space(), cur->zip_size(), next_addr,
+                      RW_SX_LATCH, mtr, &block))
+      flst_write_addr(*block, next + FLST_PREV,
+                      prev_addr.page, prev_addr.boffset, mtr);
   }
 
   byte *len= &base->frame[boffset + FLST_LEN];
@@ -369,6 +371,7 @@ void flst_validate(const buf_block_t *base, uint16_t boffset, mtr_t *mtr)
     const flst_node_t *node= fut_get_ptr(base->page.id().space(),
                                          base->zip_size(), addr,
                                          RW_SX_LATCH, &mtr2);
+    ut_ad(node);
     addr= flst_get_next_addr(node);
     mtr2.commit();
   }
@@ -383,6 +386,7 @@ void flst_validate(const buf_block_t *base, uint16_t boffset, mtr_t *mtr)
     const flst_node_t *node= fut_get_ptr(base->page.id().space(),
                                          base->zip_size(), addr,
                                          RW_SX_LATCH, &mtr2);
+    ut_ad(node);
     addr= flst_get_prev_addr(node);
     mtr2.commit();
   }

storage/innobase/include/fut0fut.h

 /*****************************************************************************
 
 Copyright (c) 1995, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
-Copyright (c) 2019, MariaDB Corporation.
+Copyright (c) 2019, 2021, MariaDB Corporation.
 
 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
 the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Created 12/13/1995 Heikki Tuuri
 @param[in,out]	mtr		mini-transaction
 @return pointer to a byte in (*ptr_block)->frame; the *ptr_block is
 bufferfixed and latched */
-UNIV_INLINE
+inline
 byte*
 fut_get_ptr(
 	ulint			space,
@@ -57,10 +57,15 @@ fut_get_ptr(
 	      || (rw_latch == RW_X_LATCH)
 	      || (rw_latch == RW_SX_LATCH));
 
-	block = buf_page_get(page_id_t(space, addr.page), zip_size,
-			     rw_latch, mtr);
-
-	ptr = buf_block_get_frame(block) + addr.boffset;
+	block = buf_page_get_gen(page_id_t(space, addr.page), zip_size,
+				 rw_latch, nullptr, BUF_GET_POSSIBLY_FREED,
+				 mtr);
+	if (!block) {
+	} else if (block->page.status == buf_page_t::FREED) {
+		block = nullptr;
+	} else {
+		ptr = buf_block_get_frame(block) + addr.boffset;
+	}
 
 	if (ptr_block != NULL) {
 		*ptr_block = block;

storage/innobase/include/mtr0mtr.h

@@ -633,11 +633,17 @@ struct mtr_t {
   { ut_ad(!m_commit || m_start); return m_start && !m_commit; }
   /** @return whether the mini-transaction has been committed */
   bool has_committed() const { ut_ad(!m_commit || m_start); return m_commit; }
+  /** @return whether the mini-transaction is freeing an index tree */
+  bool is_freeing_tree() const { return m_freeing_tree; }
+  /** Notify that the mini-transaction is freeing an index tree */
+  void freeing_tree() { m_freeing_tree= true; }
 private:
   /** whether start() has been called */
   bool m_start= false;
   /** whether commit() has been called */
   bool m_commit= false;
+  /** whether freeing_tree() has been called */
+  bool m_freeing_tree= false;
 #endif
 
   /** The page of the most recent m_log record written, or NULL */

storage/innobase/mtr/mtr0mtr.cc

@@ -362,6 +362,7 @@ void mtr_t::start()
 
   ut_d(m_start= true);
   ut_d(m_commit= false);
+  ut_d(m_freeing_tree= false);
 
   m_last= nullptr;
   m_last_offset= 0;