MDEV-11182: InnoDB: Assertion failure in file buf0buf.cc line 4730 (encryption.create_or_replace fails in buildbot and outside)

Analysis: Problem is that page is encrypted but encryption information
on page 0 has already being changed.

Fix: If page header contains key_version != 0 and even if based on
current encryption information tablespace is not encrypted we
need to check is page corrupted. If it is not, then we know that
page is not encrypted. If page is corrupted, we need to try to
decrypt it and then compare the stored and calculated checksums
to see is page corrupted or not.

intentionally produces this error.

Add error message when used index_id in index page is not found
from configuration file.

Removed experimental from message.

Two problems:

(1) When pushing warning to sql-layer we need to check that thd != NULL
to avoid NULL-pointer reference.

(2) At tablespace key rotation if used key_id is not found from
encryption plugin tablespace should not be rotated.

MDEV-10394: Innodb system table space corrupted

Analysis: After we have read the page in buf_page_io_complete try to
find if the page is encrypted or corrupted. Encryption was determined
by reading FIL_PAGE_FILE_FLUSH_LSN_OR_KEY_VERSION field from FIL-header
as a key_version. However, this field is not always zero even when
encryption is not used. Thus, incorrect key_version could lead situation where
decryption is tried to page that is not encrypted.

Fix: We still read key_version information from FIL_PAGE_FILE_FLUSH_LSN_OR_KEY_VERSION
field but also check if tablespace has encryption information before trying
encrypt the page.

AWS C++ SDK always defaults region to us-east-1 for clientConfiguration
(ignoring config file or env.variable)

This patch introduces a plugin variable 'region' to make it usable
for master keys created in regions other than 'us-east-1'.

A few fixes for VATS in 10.1

Follow-up: Make sure we do not reference NULL-pointer when space is being
dropped and does not contain any nodes.

MDEV-11039 - Add new scheduling algorithm for reducing tail latencies

tablespace but page0 is not yet read.

Check that index has pages before using number of pages in
divide operation.

Remove unnecessary semicolons

This reverts commit de5646f1.

The changes are deliberately kept minimal

- some functions are made global instead of static (they will be used in
xtrabackup later on)

- functions got additional parameter, deliberately unused for now :
  fil_load_single_tablespaces
  srv_undo_tablespaces_init

- Global variables added, also unused for now :
   srv_archive_recovery
   srv_archive_recovery_limit_lsn
   srv_apply_log_only
   srv_backup_mode
   srv_close_files

- To make xtrabackup link with sql.lib on Windows, added some missing
  source files to sql.lib

- Fixed os_thread_ret_t to be DWORD on Windows

test_bug14169 was setting session group_concat_max_len=1024 and
did not clean it up. Because of that test_ps_query_cache, when run
with group-concat-max-len != 1024, had different values in connections,
and was inserting into query cache when a hit was expected.

Fixed by adding a clean-up for the value in test_bug14169

The function apply_event_and_update_pos() is called with the
rli->data_lock mutex held. However, there seems to be nothing in the
function actually needing the mutex to be held. Certainly not in the
parallel replication case, where sql_slave_skip_counter is always 0
since the non-zero case is handled by the SQL driver thread.

So this patch makes parallel replication use a variant of
apply_event_and_update_pos() without the need to take the
rli->data_lock mutex. This avoids one contended global mutex for each
event executed, which might improve performance on CPU-bound workloads
somewhat.
Signed-off-by: Kristian Nielsen <knielsen@knielsen-hq.org>

filesystem case sensitivity.

Hostname can include characters, which are invalid for use as filename,
thus case sensitivity test will fail to produce meaningful results.

Test crashes server intentionally, need to be prepared for
crash recovery and database page corruption.

Postfix: The pre-initialization of wsrep threads is not needed
for mysqldump sst method.