Merge branch 'stateful_deployments' into 'master'

Change life cycle of `deployments` records in order to make it a stateful object

See merge request gitlab-org/gitlab-ce!22380

app/models/ci/build.rb

@@ -9,19 +9,18 @@ module Ci
     include Presentable
     include Importable
     include Gitlab::Utils::StrongMemoize
+    include Deployable
 
     belongs_to :project, inverse_of: :builds
     belongs_to :runner
     belongs_to :trigger_request
     belongs_to :erased_by, class_name: 'User'
 
-    has_many :deployments, as: :deployable
-
     RUNNER_FEATURES = {
       upload_multiple_artifacts: -> (build) { build.publishes_artifacts_reports? }
     }.freeze
 
-    has_one :last_deployment, -> { order('deployments.id DESC') }, as: :deployable, class_name: 'Deployment'
+    has_one :deployment, as: :deployable, class_name: 'Deployment'
     has_many :trace_sections, class_name: 'Ci::BuildTraceSection'
     has_many :trace_chunks, class_name: 'Ci::BuildTraceChunk', foreign_key: :build_id
 
@@ -195,6 +194,8 @@ module Ci
       end
 
       after_transition pending: :running do |build|
+        build.deployment&.run
+
         build.run_after_commit do
           BuildHooksWorker.perform_async(id)
         end
@@ -207,14 +208,18 @@ module Ci
       end
 
       after_transition any => [:success] do |build|
+        build.deployment&.succeed
+
         build.run_after_commit do
-          BuildSuccessWorker.perform_async(id)
           PagesWorker.perform_async(:deploy, id) if build.pages_generator?
         end
       end
 
       before_transition any => [:failed] do |build|
         next unless build.project
+
+        build.deployment&.drop
+
         next if build.retries_max.zero?
 
         if build.retries_count < build.retries_max
@@ -233,6 +238,10 @@ module Ci
       after_transition running: any do |build|
         Ci::BuildRunnerSession.where(build: build).delete_all
       end
+
+      after_transition any => [:skipped, :canceled] do |build|
+        build.deployment&.cancel
+      end
     end
 
     def ensure_metadata
@@ -342,8 +351,12 @@ module Ci
       self.options.fetch(:environment, {}).fetch(:action, 'start') if self.options
     end
 
+    def has_deployment?
+      !!self.deployment
+    end
+
     def outdated_deployment?
-      success? && !last_deployment.try(:last?)
+      success? && !deployment.try(:last?)
     end
 
     def depends_on_builds
@@ -358,6 +371,10 @@ module Ci
       user == current_user
     end
 
+    def on_stop
+      options&.dig(:environment, :on_stop)
+    end
+
     # A slugified version of the build ref, suitable for inclusion in URLs and
     # domain names. Rules:
     #
@@ -725,7 +742,7 @@ module Ci
 
       if success?
         return successful_deployment_status
-      elsif complete? && !success?
+      elsif failed?
         return :failed
       end
 
@@ -742,13 +759,11 @@ module Ci
     end
 
     def successful_deployment_status
-      if success? && last_deployment&.last?
-        return :last
-      elsif success? && last_deployment.present?
-        return :out_of_date
+      if deployment&.last?
+        :last
+      else
+        :out_of_date
       end
-
-      :creating
     end
 
     def each_report(report_types)

app/models/concerns/deployable.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Deployable
+  extend ActiveSupport::Concern
+
+  included do
+    after_create :create_deployment
+
+    def create_deployment
+      return unless starts_environment? && !has_deployment?
+
+      environment = project.environments.find_or_create_by(
+        name: expanded_environment_name
+      )
+
+      environment.deployments.create!(
+        project_id: environment.project_id,
+        environment: environment,
+        ref: ref,
+        tag: tag,
+        sha: sha,
+        user: user,
+        deployable: self,
+        on_stop: on_stop).tap do |_|
+        self.reload # Reload relationships
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

app/models/deployment.rb

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 class Deployment < ActiveRecord::Base
   include AtomicInternalId
   include IidRoutes
+  include AfterCommitQueue
 
   belongs_to :project, required: true
   belongs_to :environment, required: true
@@ -16,11 +17,44 @@ class Deployment < ActiveRecord::Base
 
   delegate :name, to: :environment, prefix: true
 
-  after_create :create_ref
-  after_create :invalidate_cache
-
   scope :for_environment, -> (environment) { where(environment_id: environment) }
 
+  state_machine :status, initial: :created do
+    event :run do
+      transition created: :running
+    end
+
+    event :succeed do
+      transition any - [:success] => :success
+    end
+
+    event :drop do
+      transition any - [:failed] => :failed
+    end
+
+    event :cancel do
+      transition any - [:canceled] => :canceled
+    end
+
+    before_transition any => [:success, :failed, :canceled] do |deployment|
+      deployment.finished_at = Time.now
+    end
+
+    after_transition any => :success do |deployment|
+      deployment.run_after_commit do
+        Deployments::SuccessWorker.perform_async(id)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  enum status: {
+    created: 0,
+    running: 1,
+    success: 2,
+    failed: 3,
+    canceled: 4
+  }
+
   def self.last_for_environment(environment)
     ids = self
       .for_environment(environment)
@@ -69,15 +103,15 @@ class Deployment < ActiveRecord::Base
   end
 
   def update_merge_request_metrics!
-    return unless environment.update_merge_request_metrics?
+    return unless environment.update_merge_request_metrics? && success?
 
     merge_requests = project.merge_requests
                      .joins(:metrics)
                      .where(target_branch: self.ref, merge_request_metrics: { first_deployed_to_production_at: nil })
-                     .where("merge_request_metrics.merged_at <= ?", self.created_at)
+                     .where("merge_request_metrics.merged_at <= ?", finished_at)
 
     if previous_deployment
-      merge_requests = merge_requests.where("merge_request_metrics.merged_at >= ?", previous_deployment.created_at)
+      merge_requests = merge_requests.where("merge_request_metrics.merged_at >= ?", previous_deployment.finished_at)
     end
 
     # Need to use `map` instead of `select` because MySQL doesn't allow `SELECT`ing from the same table
@@ -91,7 +125,7 @@ class Deployment < ActiveRecord::Base
 
     MergeRequest::Metrics
       .where(merge_request_id: merge_request_ids, first_deployed_to_production_at: nil)
-      .update_all(first_deployed_to_production_at: self.created_at)
+      .update_all(first_deployed_to_production_at: finished_at)
   end
 
   def previous_deployment
@@ -109,8 +143,18 @@ class Deployment < ActiveRecord::Base
     @stop_action ||= manual_actions.find_by(name: on_stop)
   end
 
+  def finished_at
+    read_attribute(:finished_at) || legacy_finished_at
+  end
+
+  def deployed_at
+    return unless success?
+
+    finished_at
+  end
+
   def formatted_deployment_time
-    created_at.to_time.in_time_zone.to_s(:medium)
+    deployed_at&.to_time&.in_time_zone&.to_s(:medium)
   end
 
   def has_metrics?
@@ -118,21 +162,17 @@ class Deployment < ActiveRecord::Base
   end
 
   def metrics
-    return {} unless has_metrics?
+    return {} unless has_metrics? && success?
 
     metrics = prometheus_adapter.query(:deployment, self)
-    metrics&.merge(deployment_time: created_at.to_i) || {}
+    metrics&.merge(deployment_time: finished_at.to_i) || {}
   end
 
   def additional_metrics
-    return {} unless has_metrics?
+    return {} unless has_metrics? && success?
 
     metrics = prometheus_adapter.query(:additional_metrics_deployment, self)
-    metrics&.merge(deployment_time: created_at.to_i) || {}
-  end
-
-  def status
-    'success'
+    metrics&.merge(deployment_time: finished_at.to_i) || {}
   end
 
   private
@@ -144,4 +184,8 @@ class Deployment < ActiveRecord::Base
   def ref_path
     File.join(environment.ref_path, 'deployments', iid.to_s)
   end
+
+  def legacy_finished_at
+    self.created_at if success? && !read_attribute(:finished_at)
+  end
 end

app/models/environment.rb

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ class Environment < ActiveRecord::Base
 
   belongs_to :project, required: true
 
-  has_many :deployments, dependent: :destroy # rubocop:disable Cop/ActiveRecordDependent
+  has_many :deployments, -> { success }, dependent: :destroy # rubocop:disable Cop/ActiveRecordDependent
 
-  has_one :last_deployment, -> { order('deployments.id DESC') }, class_name: 'Deployment'
+  has_one :last_deployment, -> { success.order('deployments.id DESC') }, class_name: 'Deployment'
 
   before_validation :nullify_external_url
   before_validation :generate_slug, if: ->(env) { env.slug.blank? }

app/models/environment_status.rb

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ class EnvironmentStatus
   delegate :id, to: :environment
   delegate :name, to: :environment
   delegate :project, to: :environment
+  delegate :status, to: :deployment, allow_nil: true
   delegate :deployed_at, to: :deployment, allow_nil: true
-  delegate :status, to: :deployment
 
   def self.for_merge_request(mr, user)
     build_environments_status(mr, user, mr.head_pipeline)
@@ -33,10 +33,6 @@ class EnvironmentStatus
     end
   end
 
-  def deployed_at
-    deployment&.created_at
-  end
-
   def changes
     return [] if project.route_map_for(sha).nil?
 

app/models/project.rb

@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ class Project < ActiveRecord::Base
   has_many :variables, class_name: 'Ci::Variable'
   has_many :triggers, class_name: 'Ci::Trigger'
   has_many :environments
-  has_many :deployments
+  has_many :deployments, -> { success }
   has_many :pipeline_schedules, class_name: 'Ci::PipelineSchedule'
   has_many :project_deploy_tokens
   has_many :deploy_tokens, through: :project_deploy_tokens

app/services/create_deployment_service.rb → app/services/update_deployment_service.rb

 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-class CreateDeploymentService
-  attr_reader :job
+class UpdateDeploymentService
+  attr_reader :deployment
+  attr_reader :deployable
 
-  delegate :expanded_environment_name,
-           :variables,
-           :project,
-           to: :job
+  delegate :environment, to: :deployment
+  delegate :variables, to: :deployable
 
-  def initialize(job)
-    @job = job
+  def initialize(deployment)
+    @deployment = deployment
+    @deployable = deployment.deployable
   end
 
   def execute
-    return unless executable?
+    deployment.create_ref
+    deployment.invalidate_cache
 
     ActiveRecord::Base.transaction do
       environment.external_url = expanded_environment_url if
@@ -24,50 +25,28 @@ class CreateDeploymentService
       break unless environment.save
       break if environment.stopped?
 
-      deploy.tap(&:update_merge_request_metrics!)
+      deployment.tap(&:update_merge_request_metrics!)
     end
   end
 
   private
 
-  def executable?
-    project && job.environment.present? && environment
-  end
-
-  def deploy
-    project.deployments.create(
-      environment: environment,
-      ref: job.ref,
-      tag: job.tag,
-      sha: job.sha,
-      user: job.user,
-      deployable: job,
-      on_stop: on_stop)
-  end
-
-  def environment
-    @environment ||= job.persisted_environment
-  end
-
   def environment_options
-    @environment_options ||= job.options&.dig(:environment) || {}
+    @environment_options ||= deployable.options&.dig(:environment) || {}
   end
 
   def expanded_environment_url
     return @expanded_environment_url if defined?(@expanded_environment_url)
+    return unless environment_url
 
     @expanded_environment_url =
-      ExpandVariables.expand(environment_url, variables) if environment_url
+      ExpandVariables.expand(environment_url, variables)
   end
 
   def environment_url
     environment_options[:url]
   end
 
-  def on_stop
-    environment_options[:on_stop]
-  end
-
   def action
     environment_options[:action] || 'start'
   end

app/workers/all_queues.yml

@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@
 - pipeline_processing:update_head_pipeline_for_merge_request
 - pipeline_processing:ci_build_schedule
 
+- deployment:deployments_success
+
 - repository_check:repository_check_clear
 - repository_check:repository_check_batch
 - repository_check:repository_check_single_repository

app/workers/build_success_worker.rb

@@ -10,13 +10,27 @@ class BuildSuccessWorker
   def perform(build_id)
     Ci::Build.find_by(id: build_id).try do |build|
       create_deployment(build) if build.has_environment?
+      stop_environment(build) if build.stops_environment?
     end
   end
   # rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
 
   private
 
+  ##
+  # Deprecated:
+  # As of 11.5, we started creating a deployment record when ci_builds record is created.
+  # Therefore we no longer need to create a deployment, after a build succeeded.
+  # We're leaving this code for the transition period, but we can remove this code in 11.6.
   def create_deployment(build)
-    CreateDeploymentService.new(build).execute
+    build.create_deployment.try do |deployment|
+      deployment.succeed
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # TODO: This should be processed in DeploymentSuccessWorker once we started storing `action` value in `deployments` records
+  def stop_environment(build)
+    build.persisted_environment.fire_state_event(:stop)
   end
 end

app/workers/deployments/success_worker.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Deployments
+  class SuccessWorker
+    include ApplicationWorker
+
+    queue_namespace :deployment
+
+    def perform(deployment_id)
+      Deployment.find_by_id(deployment_id).try do |deployment|
+        break unless deployment.success?
+
+        UpdateDeploymentService.new(deployment).execute
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

changelogs/unreleased/stateful_deployments.yml

+---
+title: Add status to Deployment
+merge_request: 22380
+author:
+type: changed

config/sidekiq_queues.yml

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
   - [pipeline_creation, 4]
   - [pipeline_default, 3]
   - [pipeline_cache, 3]
+  - [deployment, 3]
   - [pipeline_hooks, 2]
   - [gitlab_shell, 2]
   - [email_receiver, 2]

db/fixtures/development/17_cycle_analytics.rb

@@ -180,11 +180,8 @@ class Gitlab::Seeder::CycleAnalytics
                                               ref: "refs/heads/#{merge_request.source_branch}")
       pipeline = service.execute(:push, ignore_skip_ci: true, save_on_errors: false)
 
-      pipeline.run!
-      Timecop.travel rand(1..6).hours.from_now
-      pipeline.succeed!
-
-      PipelineMetricsWorker.new.perform(pipeline.id)
+      pipeline.builds.map(&:run!)
+      pipeline.update_status
     end
   end
 
@@ -204,7 +201,8 @@ class Gitlab::Seeder::CycleAnalytics
 
       job = merge_request.head_pipeline.builds.where.not(environment: nil).last
 
-      CreateDeploymentService.new(job).execute
+      job.success!
+      pipeline.update_status
     end
   end
 end

db/migrate/20181015155839_add_finished_at_to_deployments.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AddFinishedAtToDeployments < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  include Gitlab::Database::MigrationHelpers
+
+  DOWNTIME = false
+
+  def up
+    add_column :deployments, :finished_at, :datetime_with_timezone
+  end
+
+  def down
+    remove_column :deployments, :finished_at, :datetime_with_timezone
+  end
+end

db/migrate/20181016141739_add_status_to_deployments.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AddStatusToDeployments < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  include Gitlab::Database::MigrationHelpers
+
+  DEPLOYMENT_STATUS_SUCCESS = 2 # Equivalent to Deployment.state_machine.states['success'].value
+
+  DOWNTIME = false
+
+  disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  ##
+  # NOTE:
+  # Ideally, `status` column should not have default value because it should be leveraged by state machine (i.e. application level).
+  # However, we have to use the default value for avoiding `NOT NULL` violation during the transition period.
+  # The default value should be removed in the future release.
+  def up
+    add_column_with_default(:deployments,
+      :status,
+      :integer,
+      limit: 2,
+      default: DEPLOYMENT_STATUS_SUCCESS,
+      allow_null: false)
+  end
+
+  def down
+    remove_column(:deployments, :status)
+  end
+end

db/migrate/20181022135539_add_index_on_status_to_deployments.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AddIndexOnStatusToDeployments < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  include Gitlab::Database::MigrationHelpers
+
+  DOWNTIME = false
+
+  disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  def up
+    add_concurrent_index :deployments, [:project_id, :status]
+    add_concurrent_index :deployments, [:environment_id, :status]
+  end
+
+  def down
+    remove_concurrent_index :deployments, [:project_id, :status]
+    remove_concurrent_index :deployments, [:environment_id, :status]
+  end
+end

db/migrate/20181023144439_add_partial_index_for_legacy_successful_deployments.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AddPartialIndexForLegacySuccessfulDeployments < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  include Gitlab::Database::MigrationHelpers
+
+  DOWNTIME = false
+  INDEX_NAME = 'partial_index_deployments_for_legacy_successful_deployments'.freeze
+
+  disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  def up
+    add_concurrent_index(:deployments, :id, where: "finished_at IS NULL AND status = 2", name: INDEX_NAME)
+  end
+
+  def down
+    remove_concurrent_index_by_name(:deployments, INDEX_NAME)
+  end
+end

db/post_migrate/20181030135124_fill_empty_finished_at_in_deployments.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class FillEmptyFinishedAtInDeployments < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  include Gitlab::Database::MigrationHelpers
+
+  DOWNTIME = false
+  DEPLOYMENT_STATUS_SUCCESS = 2 # Equivalent to Deployment.statuses[:success]
+
+  class Deployments < ActiveRecord::Base
+    self.table_name = 'deployments'
+
+    include EachBatch
+  end
+
+  def up
+    FillEmptyFinishedAtInDeployments::Deployments
+      .where('finished_at IS NULL')
+      .where('status = ?', DEPLOYMENT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+      .each_batch(of: 10_000) do |relation|
+      relation.update_all('finished_at=created_at')
+    end
+  end
+
+  def down
+    # no-op
+  end
+end

db/schema.rb

@@ -825,13 +825,18 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20181101144347) do
     t.datetime "created_at"
     t.datetime "updated_at"
     t.string "on_stop"
+    t.integer "status", limit: 2, default: 2, null: false
+    t.datetime_with_timezone "finished_at"
   end
 
   add_index "deployments", ["created_at"], name: "index_deployments_on_created_at", using: :btree
   add_index "deployments", ["deployable_type", "deployable_id"], name: "index_deployments_on_deployable_type_and_deployable_id", using: :btree
   add_index "deployments", ["environment_id", "id"], name: "index_deployments_on_environment_id_and_id", using: :btree
   add_index "deployments", ["environment_id", "iid", "project_id"], name: "index_deployments_on_environment_id_and_iid_and_project_id", using: :btree
+  add_index "deployments", ["environment_id", "status"], name: "index_deployments_on_environment_id_and_status", using: :btree
+  add_index "deployments", ["id"], name: "partial_index_deployments_for_legacy_successful_deployments", where: "((finished_at IS NULL) AND (status = 2))", using: :btree
   add_index "deployments", ["project_id", "iid"], name: "index_deployments_on_project_id_and_iid", unique: true, using: :btree
+  add_index "deployments", ["project_id", "status"], name: "index_deployments_on_project_id_and_status", using: :btree
 
   create_table "emails", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.integer "user_id", null: false

lib/gitlab/ci/pipeline/chain/create.rb

@@ -7,26 +7,11 @@ module Gitlab
         class Create < Chain::Base
           include Chain::Helpers
 
-          # rubocop: disable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
           def perform!
-            ::Ci::Pipeline.transaction do
-              pipeline.save!
-
-              ##
-              # Create environments before the pipeline starts.
-              #
-              pipeline.builds.each do |build|
-                if build.has_environment?
-                  project.environments.find_or_create_by(
-                    name: build.expanded_environment_name
-                  )
-                end
-              end
-            end
+            pipeline.save!
           rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid => e
             error("Failed to persist the pipeline: #{e}")
           end
-          # rubocop: enable CodeReuse/ActiveRecord
 
           def break?
             !pipeline.persisted?

spec/controllers/projects/deployments_controller_spec.rb

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ describe Projects::DeploymentsController do
 
   describe 'GET #index' do
     it 'returns list of deployments from last 8 hours' do
-      create(:deployment, environment: environment, created_at: 9.hours.ago)
-      create(:deployment, environment: environment, created_at: 7.hours.ago)
-      create(:deployment, environment: environment)
+      create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, created_at: 9.hours.ago)
+      create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, created_at: 7.hours.ago)
+      create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment)
 
       get :index, deployment_params(after: 8.hours.ago)
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ describe Projects::DeploymentsController do
     end
 
     it 'returns a list with deployments information' do
-      create(:deployment, environment: environment)
+      create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment)
 
       get :index, deployment_params
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ describe Projects::DeploymentsController do
   end
 
   describe 'GET #metrics' do
-    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, project: project, environment: environment) }
+    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, project: project, environment: environment) }
 
     before do
       allow(controller).to receive(:deployment).and_return(deployment)
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ describe Projects::DeploymentsController do
   end
 
   describe 'GET #additional_metrics' do
-    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, project: project, environment: environment) }
+    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, project: project, environment: environment) }
 
     before do
       allow(controller).to receive(:deployment).and_return(deployment)

spec/controllers/projects/jobs_controller_spec.rb

@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ describe Projects::JobsController, :clean_gitlab_redis_shared_state do
       context 'with deployment' do
         let(:merge_request) { create(:merge_request, source_project: project) }
         let(:environment) { create(:environment, project: project, name: 'staging', state: :available) }
-        let(:job) { create(:ci_build, :success, environment: environment.name, pipeline: pipeline) }
+        let(:job) { create(:ci_build, :running, environment: environment.name, pipeline: pipeline) }
 
         it 'exposes the deployment information' do
           expect(response).to have_gitlab_http_status(:ok)

spec/controllers/projects/merge_requests_controller_spec.rb

@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ describe Projects::MergeRequestsController do
       let(:environment) { create(:environment, project: forked) }
       let(:pipeline)    { create(:ci_pipeline, sha: sha, project: forked) }
       let(:build)       { create(:ci_build, pipeline: pipeline) }
-      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, sha: sha, ref: 'master', deployable: build) }
+      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :succeed, environment: environment, sha: sha, ref: 'master', deployable: build) }
 
       let(:merge_request) do
         create(:merge_request, source_project: forked, target_project: project, target_branch: 'master', head_pipeline: pipeline)
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ describe Projects::MergeRequestsController do
           let(:merge_commit_sha)    { project.repository.merge(user, forked.commit.id, merge_request, "merged in test") }
           let(:post_merge_pipeline) { create(:ci_pipeline, sha: merge_commit_sha, project: project) }
           let(:post_merge_build)    { create(:ci_build, pipeline: post_merge_pipeline) }
-          let!(:source_deployment)  { create(:deployment, environment: source_environment, sha: merge_commit_sha, ref: 'master', deployable: post_merge_build) }
+          let!(:source_deployment)  { create(:deployment, :succeed, environment: source_environment, sha: merge_commit_sha, ref: 'master', deployable: post_merge_build) }
 
           before do
             merge_request.update!(merge_commit_sha: merge_commit_sha)

spec/factories/ci/builds.rb

@@ -100,6 +100,30 @@ FactoryBot.define do
                              url: 'http://staging.example.com/$CI_JOB_NAME' }
     end
 
+    trait :deploy_to_production do
+      environment 'production'
+
+      options environment: { name: 'production',
+                             url: 'http://prd.example.com/$CI_JOB_NAME' }
+    end
+
+    trait :start_review_app do
+      environment 'review/$CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME'
+
+      options environment: { name: 'review/$CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME',
+                             url: 'http://staging.example.com/$CI_JOB_NAME',
+                             on_stop: 'stop_review_app' }
+    end
+
+    trait :stop_review_app do
+      name 'stop_review_app'
+      environment 'review/$CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME'
+
+      options environment: { name: 'review/$CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME',
+                             url: 'http://staging.example.com/$CI_JOB_NAME',
+                             action: 'stop' }
+    end
+
     trait :allowed_to_fail do
       allow_failure true
     end

spec/factories/deployments.rb

@@ -21,5 +21,31 @@ FactoryBot.define do
       sha { TestEnv::BRANCH_SHA['pages-deploy'] }
       ref 'pages-deploy'
     end
+
+    trait :running do
+      status :running
+    end
+
+    trait :success do
+      status :success
+      finished_at { Time.now }
+    end
+
+    trait :failed do
+      status :failed
+      finished_at { Time.now }
+    end
+
+    trait :canceled do
+      status :canceled
+      finished_at { Time.now }
+    end
+
+    # This trait hooks the state maechine's events
+    trait :succeed do
+      after(:create) do |deployment, evaluator|
+        deployment.succeed!
+      end
+    end
   end
 end

spec/factories/environments.rb

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ FactoryBot.define do
                                        pipeline: pipeline)
 
         deployment = create(:deployment,
+                            :success,
                             environment: environment,
                             project: environment.project,
                             deployable: deployable,

spec/features/merge_request/user_sees_deployment_widget_spec.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ describe 'Merge request > User sees deployment widget', :js do
     let(:sha) { project.commit(ref).id }
     let(:pipeline) { create(:ci_pipeline_without_jobs, sha: sha, project: project, ref: ref) }
     let(:build)    { create(:ci_build, :success, pipeline: pipeline) }
-    let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, sha: sha, ref: ref, deployable: build) }
+    let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :succeed, environment: environment, sha: sha, ref: ref, deployable: build) }
     let!(:manual) { }
 
     before do

spec/features/merge_request/user_sees_merge_widget_spec.rb

@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ describe 'Merge request > User sees merge widget', :js do
     let(:build)        { create(:ci_build, :success, pipeline: pipeline) }
 
     let!(:deployment) do
-      create(:deployment, environment: environment,
+      create(:deployment, :succeed,
+                          environment: environment,
                           ref: merge_request.source_branch,
                           deployable: build,
                           sha: sha)

spec/features/projects/environments/environment_spec.rb

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ describe 'Environment' do
     context 'with deployments' do
       context 'when there is no related deployable' do
         let(:deployment) do
-          create(:deployment, environment: environment, deployable: nil)
+          create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, deployable: nil)
         end
 
         it 'does show deployment SHA' do
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ describe 'Environment' do
         let(:build) { create(:ci_build, pipeline: pipeline) }
 
         let(:deployment) do
-          create(:deployment, environment: environment, deployable: build)
+          create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, deployable: build)
         end
 
         it 'does show build name' do
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ describe 'Environment' do
           context 'with external_url' do
             let(:environment) { create(:environment, project: project, external_url: 'https://git.gitlab.com') }
             let(:build) { create(:ci_build, pipeline: pipeline) }
-            let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, deployable: build) }
+            let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, deployable: build) }
 
             it 'does show an external link button' do
               expect(page).to have_link(nil, href: environment.external_url)
@@ -169,7 +169,8 @@ describe 'Environment' do
               end
 
               let(:deployment) do
-                create(:deployment, environment: environment,
+                create(:deployment, :success,
+                                    environment: environment,
                                     deployable: build,
                                     on_stop: 'close_app')
               end

spec/features/projects/environments/environments_spec.rb

@@ -132,7 +132,8 @@ describe 'Environments page', :js do
       let(:project) { create(:project, :repository) }
 
       let!(:deployment) do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment,
+        create(:deployment, :success,
+                            environment: environment,
                             sha: project.commit.id)
       end
 
@@ -152,7 +153,8 @@ describe 'Environments page', :js do
         end
 
         let!(:deployment) do
-          create(:deployment, environment: environment,
+          create(:deployment, :success,
+                              environment: environment,
                               deployable: build,
                               sha: project.commit.id)
         end
@@ -196,7 +198,7 @@ describe 'Environments page', :js do
         context 'with external_url' do
           let(:environment) { create(:environment, project: project, external_url: 'https://git.gitlab.com') }
           let(:build) { create(:ci_build, pipeline: pipeline) }
-          let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, deployable: build) }
+          let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, deployable: build) }
 
           it 'shows an external link button' do
             expect(page).to have_link(nil, href: environment.external_url)
@@ -209,7 +211,8 @@ describe 'Environments page', :js do
           end
 
           let(:deployment) do
-            create(:deployment, environment: environment,
+            create(:deployment, :success,
+                                environment: environment,
                                 deployable: build,
                                 on_stop: 'close_app')
           end
@@ -275,6 +278,7 @@ describe 'Environments page', :js do
 
         let!(:deployment) do
           create(:deployment,
+                 :success,
                  environment: environment,
                  deployable: build,
                  sha: project.commit.id)

spec/features/projects/jobs_spec.rb

@@ -396,8 +396,8 @@ describe 'Jobs', :clean_gitlab_redis_shared_state do
       end
 
       context 'job is successful and has deployment' do
-        let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :success, :trace_live, environment: environment.name, pipeline: pipeline) }
-        let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, project: environment.project, deployable: build) }
+        let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :success, :trace_live, environment: environment.name, pipeline: pipeline, deployment: deployment) }
+        let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, project: environment.project) }
 
         it 'shows a link for the job' do
           expect(page).to have_link environment.name
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ describe 'Jobs', :clean_gitlab_redis_shared_state do
       end
 
       context 'deployment still not finished' do
-        let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :success, environment: environment.name, pipeline: pipeline) }
+        let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :running, environment: environment.name, pipeline: pipeline) }
 
         it 'shows a link to latest deployment' do
           expect(page).to have_link environment.name
@@ -456,6 +456,8 @@ describe 'Jobs', :clean_gitlab_redis_shared_state do
 
     describe 'environment info in job view', :js do
       before do
+        allow_any_instance_of(Ci::Build).to receive(:create_deployment)
+
         visit project_job_path(project, job)
         wait_for_requests
       end
@@ -464,8 +466,8 @@ describe 'Jobs', :clean_gitlab_redis_shared_state do
         let(:job) { create(:ci_build, :success, :trace_artifact, environment: 'staging', pipeline: pipeline) }
         let(:second_build) { create(:ci_build, :success, :trace_artifact, environment: 'staging', pipeline: pipeline) }
         let(:environment) { create(:environment, name: 'staging', project: project) }
-        let!(:first_deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, deployable: job) }
-        let!(:second_deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, deployable: second_build) }
+        let!(:first_deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, deployable: job) }
+        let!(:second_deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, deployable: second_build) }
 
         it 'shows deployment message' do
           expected_text = 'This job is an out-of-date deployment ' \
@@ -505,7 +507,7 @@ describe 'Jobs', :clean_gitlab_redis_shared_state do
           end
 
           context 'when it has deployment' do
-            let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment) }
+            let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment) }
 
             it 'shows that deployment will be overwritten' do
               expected_text = 'This job is creating a deployment to staging'

spec/features/projects/view_on_env_spec.rb

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe 'View on environment', :js do
     context 'and an active deployment' do
       let(:sha) { project.commit(branch_name).sha }
       let(:environment) { create(:environment, project: project, name: 'review/feature', external_url: 'http://feature.review.example.com') }
-      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: branch_name, sha: sha) }
+      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: branch_name, sha: sha) }
 
       context 'when visiting the diff of a merge request for the branch' do
         let(:merge_request) { create(:merge_request, :simple, source_project: project, source_branch: branch_name) }

spec/finders/environments_finder_spec.rb

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ describe EnvironmentsFinder do
 
     context 'tagged deployment' do
       before do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'v1.1.0', tag: true, sha: project.commit.id)
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'v1.1.0', tag: true, sha: project.commit.id)
       end
 
       it 'returns environment when with_tags is set' do
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ describe EnvironmentsFinder do
 
     context 'branch deployment' do
       before do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'master', sha: project.commit.id)
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'master', sha: project.commit.id)
       end
 
       it 'returns environment when ref is set' do
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ describe EnvironmentsFinder do
 
     context 'commit deployment' do
       before do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'master', sha: project.commit.id)
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'master', sha: project.commit.id)
       end
 
       it 'returns environment' do
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ describe EnvironmentsFinder do
     context 'recently updated' do
       context 'when last deployment to environment is the most recent one' do
         before do
-          create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
+          create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
         end
 
         it 'finds recently updated environment' do
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ describe EnvironmentsFinder do
 
       context 'when last deployment to environment is not the most recent' do
         before do
-          create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
-          create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'master')
+          create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
+          create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'master')
         end
 
         it 'does not find environment' do
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ describe EnvironmentsFinder do
         let(:second_environment) { create(:environment, project: project) }
 
         before do
-          create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
-          create(:deployment, environment: second_environment, ref: 'feature')
+          create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
+          create(:deployment, :success, environment: second_environment, ref: 'feature')
         end
 
         it 'finds both environments' do

spec/lib/gitlab/cycle_analytics/stage_summary_spec.rb

@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ describe Gitlab::CycleAnalytics::StageSummary do
 
   describe "#deploys" do
     it "finds the number of deploys made created after the 'from date'" do
-      Timecop.freeze(5.days.ago) { create(:deployment, project: project) }
-      Timecop.freeze(5.days.from_now) { create(:deployment, project: project) }
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.ago) { create(:deployment, :success, project: project) }
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.from_now) { create(:deployment, :success, project: project) }
 
       expect(subject.third[:value]).to eq(1)
     end
 
     it "doesn't find commits from other projects" do
       Timecop.freeze(5.days.from_now) do
-        create(:deployment, project: create(:project, :repository))
+        create(:deployment, :success, project: create(:project, :repository))
       end
 
       expect(subject.third[:value]).to eq(0)

spec/lib/gitlab/slash_commands/command_spec.rb

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe Gitlab::SlashCommands::Command do
       let!(:build) { create(:ci_build, pipeline: pipeline) }
       let!(:pipeline) { create(:ci_pipeline, project: project) }
       let!(:staging) { create(:environment, name: 'staging', project: project) }
-      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: staging, deployable: build) }
+      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: staging, deployable: build) }
 
       let!(:manual) do
         create(:ci_build, :manual, pipeline: pipeline,

spec/lib/gitlab/slash_commands/deploy_spec.rb

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ describe Gitlab::SlashCommands::Deploy do
       let!(:staging) { create(:environment, name: 'staging', project: project) }
       let!(:pipeline) { create(:ci_pipeline, project: project) }
       let!(:build) { create(:ci_build, pipeline: pipeline) }
-      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: staging, deployable: build) }
+      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: staging, deployable: build) }
 
       context 'without actions' do
         it 'does not execute an action' do

spec/migrations/delete_inconsistent_internal_id_records_spec.rb

@@ -65,6 +65,21 @@ describe DeleteInconsistentInternalIdRecords, :migration do
 
   context 'for deployments' do
     let(:scope) { :deployment }
+    let(:deployments) { table(:deployments) }
+    let(:internal_ids) { table(:internal_ids) }
+
+    before do
+      internal_ids.create!(project_id: project1.id, usage: 2, last_value: 2)
+      internal_ids.create!(project_id: project2.id, usage: 2, last_value: 2)
+      internal_ids.create!(project_id: project3.id, usage: 2, last_value: 2)
+    end
+
+    let(:create_models) do
+      3.times { |i| deployments.create!(project_id: project1.id, iid: i, environment_id: 1, ref: 'master', sha: 'a', tag: false) }
+      3.times { |i| deployments.create!(project_id: project2.id, iid: i, environment_id: 1, ref: 'master', sha: 'a', tag: false) }
+      3.times { |i| deployments.create!(project_id: project3.id, iid: i, environment_id: 1, ref: 'master', sha: 'a', tag: false) }
+    end
+
     it_behaves_like 'deleting inconsistent internal_id records'
   end
 

spec/migrations/fill_empty_finished_at_in_deployments_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+require Rails.root.join('db', 'post_migrate', '20181030135124_fill_empty_finished_at_in_deployments')
+
+describe FillEmptyFinishedAtInDeployments, :migration do
+  let(:namespaces) { table(:namespaces) }
+  let(:projects) { table(:projects) }
+  let(:environments) { table(:environments) }
+  let(:deployments) { table(:deployments) }
+
+  context 'when a deployment row does not have a value on finished_at' do
+    context 'when a deployment succeeded' do
+      before do
+        namespaces.create!(id: 123, name: 'gitlab1', path: 'gitlab1')
+        projects.create!(id: 1, name: 'gitlab1', path: 'gitlab1', namespace_id: 123)
+        environments.create!(id: 1, name: 'production', slug: 'production', project_id: 1)
+        deployments.create!(id: 1, iid: 1, project_id: 1, environment_id: 1, ref: 'master', sha: 'xxx', tag: false)
+      end
+
+      it 'correctly replicates finished_at by created_at' do
+        expect(deployments.last.created_at).not_to be_nil
+        expect(deployments.last.finished_at).to be_nil
+
+        migrate!
+
+        expect(deployments.last.created_at).not_to be_nil
+        expect(deployments.last.finished_at).to eq(deployments.last.created_at)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when a deployment is running' do
+      before do
+        namespaces.create!(id: 123, name: 'gitlab1', path: 'gitlab1')
+        projects.create!(id: 1, name: 'gitlab1', path: 'gitlab1', namespace_id: 123)
+        environments.create!(id: 1, name: 'production', slug: 'production', project_id: 1)
+        deployments.create!(id: 1, iid: 1, project_id: 1, environment_id: 1, ref: 'master', sha: 'xxx', tag: false, status: 1)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not fill finished_at' do
+        expect(deployments.last.created_at).not_to be_nil
+        expect(deployments.last.finished_at).to be_nil
+
+        migrate!
+
+        expect(deployments.last.created_at).not_to be_nil
+        expect(deployments.last.finished_at).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'when a deployment row does has a value on finished_at' do
+    let(:finished_at) { '2018-10-30 11:12:02 UTC' }
+
+    before do
+      namespaces.create!(id: 123, name: 'gitlab1', path: 'gitlab1')
+      projects.create!(id: 1, name: 'gitlab1', path: 'gitlab1', namespace_id: 123)
+      environments.create!(id: 1, name: 'production', slug: 'production', project_id: 1)
+      deployments.create!(id: 1, iid: 1, project_id: 1, environment_id: 1, ref: 'master', sha: 'xxx', tag: false, finished_at: finished_at)
+    end
+
+    it 'does not affect existing value' do
+      expect(deployments.last.created_at).not_to be_nil
+      expect(deployments.last.finished_at).not_to be_nil
+
+      migrate!
+
+      expect(deployments.last.created_at).not_to be_nil
+      expect(deployments.last.finished_at).to eq(finished_at)
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/ci/build_spec.rb

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ describe Ci::Build do
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:runner) }
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:trigger_request) }
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:erased_by) }
-  it { is_expected.to have_many(:deployments) }
   it { is_expected.to have_many(:trace_sections)}
+  it { is_expected.to have_one(:deployment) }
   it { is_expected.to have_one(:runner_session)}
   it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:ref) }
   it { is_expected.to respond_to(:has_trace?) }
@@ -799,17 +799,100 @@ describe Ci::Build do
     end
   end
 
+  describe 'state transition as a deployable' do
+    let!(:build) { create(:ci_build, :start_review_app) }
+    let(:deployment) { build.deployment }
+    let(:environment) { deployment.environment }
+
+    it 'has deployments record with created status' do
+      expect(deployment).to be_created
+      expect(environment.name).to eq('review/master')
+    end
+
+    context 'when transits to running' do
+      before do
+        build.run!
+      end
+
+      it 'transits deployment status to running' do
+        expect(deployment).to be_running
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when transits to success' do
+      before do
+        allow(Deployments::SuccessWorker).to receive(:perform_async)
+        build.success!
+      end
+
+      it 'transits deployment status to success' do
+        expect(deployment).to be_success
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when transits to failed' do
+      before do
+        build.drop!
+      end
+
+      it 'transits deployment status to failed' do
+        expect(deployment).to be_failed
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when transits to skipped' do
+      before do
+        build.skip!
+      end
+
+      it 'transits deployment status to canceled' do
+        expect(deployment).to be_canceled
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when transits to canceled' do
+      before do
+        build.cancel!
+      end
+
+      it 'transits deployment status to canceled' do
+        expect(deployment).to be_canceled
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#on_stop' do
+    subject { build.on_stop }
+
+    context 'when a job has a specification that it can be stopped from the other job' do
+      let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :start_review_app) }
+
+      it 'returns the other job name' do
+        is_expected.to eq('stop_review_app')
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when a job does not have environment information' do
+      let(:build) { create(:ci_build) }
+
+      it 'returns nil' do
+        is_expected.to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   describe 'deployment' do
-    describe '#last_deployment' do
-      subject { build.last_deployment }
+    describe '#has_deployment?' do
+      subject { build.has_deployment? }
+
+      context 'when build has a deployment' do
+        let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, deployable: build) }
 
-      context 'when multiple deployments are created' do
-        let!(:deployment1) { create(:deployment, deployable: build) }
-        let!(:deployment2) { create(:deployment, deployable: build) }
+        it { is_expected.to be_truthy }
+      end
 
-        it 'returns the latest one' do
-          is_expected.to eq(deployment2)
-        end
+      context 'when build does not have a deployment' do
+        it { is_expected.to be_falsy }
       end
     end
 
@@ -818,14 +901,14 @@ describe Ci::Build do
 
       context 'when build succeeded' do
         let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :success) }
-        let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, deployable: build) }
+        let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, deployable: build) }
 
         context 'current deployment is latest' do
           it { is_expected.to be_falsey }
         end
 
         context 'current deployment is not latest on environment' do
-          let!(:deployment2) { create(:deployment, environment: deployment.environment) }
+          let!(:deployment2) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: deployment.environment) }
 
           it { is_expected.to be_truthy }
         end
@@ -3209,10 +3292,14 @@ describe Ci::Build do
   end
 
   describe '#deployment_status' do
+    before do
+      allow_any_instance_of(described_class).to receive(:create_deployment)
+    end
+
     context 'when build is a last deployment' do
       let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :success, environment: 'production') }
       let(:environment) { create(:environment, name: 'production', project: build.project) }
-      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, project: environment.project, deployable: build) }
+      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, project: environment.project, deployable: build) }
 
       it { expect(build.deployment_status).to eq(:last) }
     end
@@ -3220,8 +3307,8 @@ describe Ci::Build do
     context 'when there is a newer build with deployment' do
       let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :success, environment: 'production') }
       let(:environment) { create(:environment, name: 'production', project: build.project) }
-      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, project: environment.project, deployable: build) }
-      let!(:last_deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, project: environment.project) }
+      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, project: environment.project, deployable: build) }
+      let!(:last_deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, project: environment.project) }
 
       it { expect(build.deployment_status).to eq(:out_of_date) }
     end
@@ -3229,7 +3316,7 @@ describe Ci::Build do
     context 'when build with deployment has failed' do
       let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :failed, environment: 'production') }
       let(:environment) { create(:environment, name: 'production', project: build.project) }
-      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, project: environment.project, deployable: build) }
+      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, project: environment.project, deployable: build) }
 
       it { expect(build.deployment_status).to eq(:failed) }
     end
@@ -3237,14 +3324,7 @@ describe Ci::Build do
     context 'when build with deployment is running' do
       let(:build) { create(:ci_build, environment: 'production') }
       let(:environment) { create(:environment, name: 'production', project: build.project) }
-      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment, project: environment.project, deployable: build) }
-
-      it { expect(build.deployment_status).to eq(:creating) }
-    end
-
-    context 'when build is successful but deployment is not ready yet' do
-      let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :success, environment: 'production') }
-      let(:environment) { create(:environment, name: 'production', project: build.project) }
+      let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, project: environment.project, deployable: build) }
 
       it { expect(build.deployment_status).to eq(:creating) }
     end

spec/models/concerns/deployable_spec.rb

+require 'rails_helper'
+
+describe Deployable do
+  describe '#create_deployment' do
+    let(:deployment) { job.deployment }
+    let(:environment) { deployment&.environment }
+
+    before do
+      job.reload
+    end
+
+    context 'when the deployable object will deploy to production' do
+      let!(:job) { create(:ci_build, :start_review_app) }
+
+      it 'creates a deployment and environment record' do
+        expect(deployment.project).to eq(job.project)
+        expect(deployment.ref).to eq(job.ref)
+        expect(deployment.tag).to eq(job.tag)
+        expect(deployment.sha).to eq(job.sha)
+        expect(deployment.user).to eq(job.user)
+        expect(deployment.deployable).to eq(job)
+        expect(deployment.on_stop).to eq('stop_review_app')
+        expect(environment.name).to eq('review/master')
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when the deployable object will stop an environment' do
+      let!(:job) { create(:ci_build, :stop_review_app) }
+
+      it 'does not create a deployment record' do
+        expect(deployment).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when the deployable object has already had a deployment' do
+      let!(:job) { create(:ci_build, :start_review_app, deployment: race_deployment) }
+      let!(:race_deployment) { create(:deployment, :success) }
+
+      it 'does not create a new deployment' do
+        expect(deployment).to eq(race_deployment)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when the deployable object will not deploy' do
+      let!(:job) { create(:ci_build) }
+
+      it 'does not create a deployment and environment record' do
+        expect(deployment).to be_nil
+        expect(environment).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/deployment_spec.rb

@@ -42,16 +42,174 @@ describe Deployment do
     end
   end
 
-  describe 'after_create callbacks' do
-    let(:environment) { create(:environment) }
-    let(:store) { Gitlab::EtagCaching::Store.new }
+  describe '.success' do
+    subject { described_class.success }
 
-    it 'invalidates the environment etag cache' do
-      old_value = store.get(environment.etag_cache_key)
+    context 'when deployment status is success' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success) }
 
-      create(:deployment, environment: environment)
+      it { is_expected.to eq([deployment]) }
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment status is created' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :created) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to be_empty }
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment status is running' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :running) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to be_empty }
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'state machine' do
+    context 'when deployment runs' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment) }
+
+      before do
+        deployment.run!
+      end
+
+      it 'starts running' do
+        Timecop.freeze do
+          expect(deployment).to be_running
+          expect(deployment.finished_at).to be_nil
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment succeeded' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :running) }
+
+      it 'has correct status' do
+        Timecop.freeze do
+          deployment.succeed!
+
+          expect(deployment).to be_success
+          expect(deployment.finished_at).to eq(Time.now)
+        end
+      end
+
+      it 'executes Deployments::SuccessWorker asynchronously' do
+        expect(Deployments::SuccessWorker)
+          .to receive(:perform_async).with(deployment.id)
 
-      expect(store.get(environment.etag_cache_key)).not_to eq(old_value)
+        deployment.succeed!
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment failed' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :running) }
+
+      it 'has correct status' do
+        Timecop.freeze do
+          deployment.drop!
+
+          expect(deployment).to be_failed
+          expect(deployment.finished_at).to eq(Time.now)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment was canceled' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :running) }
+
+      it 'has correct status' do
+        Timecop.freeze do
+          deployment.cancel!
+
+          expect(deployment).to be_canceled
+          expect(deployment.finished_at).to eq(Time.now)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#success?' do
+    subject { deployment.success? }
+
+    context 'when deployment status is success' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to be_truthy }
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment status is failed' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :failed) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to be_falsy }
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#status_name' do
+    subject { deployment.status_name }
+
+    context 'when deployment status is success' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(:success) }
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment status is failed' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :failed) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(:failed) }
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#finished_at' do
+    subject { deployment.finished_at }
+
+    context 'when deployment status is created' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to be_nil }
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment status is success' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(deployment.read_attribute(:finished_at)) }
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment status is success' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, finished_at: nil) }
+
+      before do
+        deployment.update_column(:finished_at, nil)
+      end
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(deployment.read_attribute(:created_at)) }
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment status is running' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :running) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to be_nil }
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#deployed_at' do
+    subject { deployment.deployed_at }
+
+    context 'when deployment status is created' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to be_nil }
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment status is success' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(deployment.read_attribute(:finished_at)) }
+    end
+
+    context 'when deployment status is running' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :running) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to be_nil }
     end
   end
 
@@ -112,7 +270,7 @@ describe Deployment do
   end
 
   describe '#metrics' do
-    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment) }
+    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success) }
     let(:prometheus_adapter) { double('prometheus_adapter', can_query?: true) }
 
     subject { deployment.metrics }
@@ -141,7 +299,7 @@ describe Deployment do
 
   describe '#additional_metrics' do
     let(:project) { create(:project, :repository) }
-    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, project: project) }
+    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :succeed, project: project) }
 
     subject { deployment.additional_metrics }
 

spec/models/environment_spec.rb

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ describe Environment do
 
     context 'with a last deployment' do
       let!(:deployment) do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment, sha: project.commit('master').id)
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, sha: project.commit('master').id)
       end
 
       context 'in the same branch' do
@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@ describe Environment do
 
   describe '#first_deployment_for' do
     let(:project)       { create(:project, :repository) }
-    let!(:deployment)   { create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: commit.parent.id) }
-    let!(:deployment1)  { create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: commit.id) }
+    let!(:deployment)   { create(:deployment, :succeed, environment: environment, ref: commit.parent.id) }
+    let!(:deployment1)  { create(:deployment, :succeed, environment: environment, ref: commit.id) }
     let(:head_commit)   { project.commit }
     let(:commit)        { project.commit.parent }
 
@@ -181,7 +181,8 @@ describe Environment do
       let(:build) { create(:ci_build) }
 
       let!(:deployment) do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment,
+        create(:deployment, :success,
+                            environment: environment,
                             deployable: build,
                             on_stop: 'close_app')
       end
@@ -249,7 +250,8 @@ describe Environment do
       let(:build) { create(:ci_build, pipeline: pipeline) }
 
       let!(:deployment) do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment,
+        create(:deployment, :success,
+                            environment: environment,
                             deployable: build,
                             on_stop: 'close_app')
       end
@@ -304,7 +306,7 @@ describe Environment do
 
     context 'when last deployment to environment is the most recent one' do
       before do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
       end
 
       it { is_expected.to be true }
@@ -312,8 +314,8 @@ describe Environment do
 
     context 'when last deployment to environment is not the most recent' do
       before do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
-        create(:deployment, environment: environment, ref: 'master')
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'feature')
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment, ref: 'master')
       end
 
       it { is_expected.to be false }
@@ -321,7 +323,7 @@ describe Environment do
   end
 
   describe '#actions_for' do
-    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment) }
+    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment) }
     let(:pipeline) { deployment.deployable.pipeline }
     let!(:review_action) { create(:ci_build, :manual, name: 'review-apps', pipeline: pipeline, environment: 'review/$CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME' )}
     let!(:production_action) { create(:ci_build, :manual, name: 'production', pipeline: pipeline, environment: 'production' )}
@@ -331,6 +333,70 @@ describe Environment do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '.deployments' do
+    subject { environment.deployments }
+
+    context 'when there is a deployment record with created status' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :created, environment: environment) }
+
+      it 'does not return the record' do
+        is_expected.to be_empty
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when there is a deployment record with running status' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :running, environment: environment) }
+
+      it 'does not return the record' do
+        is_expected.to be_empty
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when there is a deployment record with success status' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment) }
+
+      it 'returns the record' do
+        is_expected.to eq([deployment])
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '.last_deployment' do
+    subject { environment.last_deployment }
+
+    before do
+      allow_any_instance_of(Deployment).to receive(:create_ref)
+    end
+
+    context 'when there is an old deployment record' do
+      let!(:previous_deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment) }
+
+      context 'when there is a deployment record with created status' do
+        let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment) }
+
+        it 'returns the previous deployment' do
+          is_expected.to eq(previous_deployment)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when there is a deployment record with running status' do
+        let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :running, environment: environment) }
+
+        it 'returns the previous deployment' do
+          is_expected.to eq(previous_deployment)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when there is a deployment record with success status' do
+        let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment) }
+
+        it 'returns the latest successful deployment' do
+          is_expected.to eq(deployment)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#has_terminals?' do
     subject { environment.has_terminals? }
 
@@ -338,7 +404,7 @@ describe Environment do
       context 'with a deployment service' do
         shared_examples 'same behavior between KubernetesService and Platform::Kubernetes' do
           context 'and a deployment' do
-            let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, environment: environment) }
+            let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, environment: environment) }
             it { is_expected.to be_truthy }
           end
 

spec/models/environment_status_spec.rb

 require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe EnvironmentStatus do
-  let(:deployment)    { create(:deployment, :review_app) }
+  let(:deployment)    { create(:deployment, :succeed, :review_app) }
   let(:environment)   { deployment.environment}
   let(:project)       { deployment.project }
   let(:merge_request) { create(:merge_request, :deployed_review_app, deployment: deployment) }
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ describe EnvironmentStatus do
   it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:id).to(:environment) }
   it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:name).to(:environment) }
   it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:project).to(:environment) }
-  it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:deployed_at).to(:deployment).as(:created_at) }
+  it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:deployed_at).to(:deployment) }
   it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:status).to(:deployment) }
 
   describe '#project' do

spec/models/merge_request_spec.rb

@@ -1836,8 +1836,8 @@ describe MergeRequest do
       let(:environments) { create_list(:environment, 3, project: project) }
 
       before do
-        create(:deployment, environment: environments.first, ref: 'master', sha: project.commit('master').id)
-        create(:deployment, environment: environments.second, ref: 'feature', sha: project.commit('feature').id)
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: environments.first, ref: 'master', sha: project.commit('master').id)
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: environments.second, ref: 'feature', sha: project.commit('feature').id)
       end
 
       it 'selects deployed environments' do
@@ -1857,7 +1857,7 @@ describe MergeRequest do
       let(:source_environment) { create(:environment, project: source_project) }
 
       before do
-        create(:deployment, environment: source_environment, ref: 'feature', sha: merge_request.diff_head_sha)
+        create(:deployment, :success, environment: source_environment, ref: 'feature', sha: merge_request.diff_head_sha)
       end
 
       it 'selects deployed environments' do
@@ -1868,7 +1868,7 @@ describe MergeRequest do
         let(:target_environment) { create(:environment, project: project) }
 
         before do
-          create(:deployment, environment: target_environment, tag: true, sha: merge_request.diff_head_sha)
+          create(:deployment, :success, environment: target_environment, tag: true, sha: merge_request.diff_head_sha)
         end
 
         it 'selects deployed environments' do

spec/models/project_spec.rb

@@ -3976,6 +3976,40 @@ describe Project do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '.deployments' do
+    subject { project.deployments }
+
+    let(:project) { create(:project) }
+
+    before do
+      allow_any_instance_of(Deployment).to receive(:create_ref)
+    end
+
+    context 'when there is a deployment record with created status' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :created, project: project) }
+
+      it 'does not return the record' do
+        is_expected.to be_empty
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when there is a deployment record with running status' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :running, project: project) }
+
+      it 'does not return the record' do
+        is_expected.to be_empty
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when there is a deployment record with success status' do
+      let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success, project: project) }
+
+      it 'returns the record' do
+        is_expected.to eq([deployment])
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def rugged_config
     rugged_repo(project.repository).config
   end

spec/requests/api/deployments_spec.rb

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ describe API::Deployments do
 
   describe 'GET /projects/:id/deployments' do
     let(:project) { create(:project) }
-    let!(:deployment_1) { create(:deployment, project: project, iid: 11, ref: 'master', created_at: Time.now) }
-    let!(:deployment_2) { create(:deployment, project: project, iid: 12, ref: 'feature', created_at: 1.day.ago) }
-    let!(:deployment_3) { create(:deployment, project: project, iid: 8, ref: 'feature', created_at: 2.days.ago) }
+    let!(:deployment_1) { create(:deployment, :success, project: project, iid: 11, ref: 'master', created_at: Time.now) }
+    let!(:deployment_2) { create(:deployment, :success, project: project, iid: 12, ref: 'feature', created_at: 1.day.ago) }
+    let!(:deployment_3) { create(:deployment, :success, project: project, iid: 8, ref: 'patch', created_at: 2.days.ago) }
 
     context 'as member of the project' do
       it 'returns projects deployments sorted by id asc' do
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ describe API::Deployments do
           'id'         | 'desc' | [:deployment_3, :deployment_2, :deployment_1]
           'iid'        | 'asc'  | [:deployment_3, :deployment_1, :deployment_2]
           'iid'        | 'desc' | [:deployment_2, :deployment_1, :deployment_3]
-          'ref'        | 'asc'  | [:deployment_2, :deployment_3, :deployment_1]
-          'ref'        | 'desc' | [:deployment_1, :deployment_2, :deployment_3]
+          'ref'        | 'asc'  | [:deployment_2, :deployment_1, :deployment_3]
+          'ref'        | 'desc' | [:deployment_3, :deployment_1, :deployment_2]
         end
 
         with_them do
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ describe API::Deployments do
 
   describe 'GET /projects/:id/deployments/:deployment_id' do
     let(:project)     { deployment.environment.project }
-    let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment) }
+    let!(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success) }
 
     context 'as a member of the project' do
       it 'returns the projects deployment' do

spec/serializers/environment_serializer_spec.rb

@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ describe EnvironmentSerializer do
     let(:project) { create(:project, :repository) }
     let(:deployable) { create(:ci_build) }
     let(:deployment) do
-      create(:deployment, deployable: deployable,
+      create(:deployment, :success,
+                          deployable: deployable,
                           user: user,
                           project: project,
                           sha: project.commit.id)

spec/serializers/environment_status_entity_spec.rb

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ describe EnvironmentStatusEntity do
   let(:user)    { create(:user) }
   let(:request) { double('request') }
 
-  let(:deployment)    { create(:deployment, :review_app) }
-  let(:environment)   { deployment.environment}
+  let(:deployment)    { create(:deployment, :succeed, :review_app) }
+  let(:environment)   { deployment.environment }
   let(:project)       { deployment.project }
   let(:merge_request) { create(:merge_request, :deployed_review_app, deployment: deployment) }
 

spec/services/ci/retry_build_service_spec.rb

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ describe Ci::RetryBuildService do
 
   IGNORE_ACCESSORS =
     %i[type lock_version target_url base_tags trace_sections
-       commit_id deployments erased_by_id last_deployment project_id
+       commit_id deployment erased_by_id project_id
        runner_id tag_taggings taggings tags trigger_request_id
        user_id auto_canceled_by_id retried failure_reason
        artifacts_file_store artifacts_metadata_store

spec/support/helpers/cycle_analytics_helpers.rb

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ module CycleAnalyticsHelpers
         raise ArgumentError
       end
 
-    CreateDeploymentService.new(dummy_job).execute
+    dummy_job.success! # State machine automatically update associated deployment/environment record
   end
 
   def dummy_production_job(user, project)
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ module CycleAnalyticsHelpers
   end
 
   def dummy_pipeline(project)
-    Ci::Pipeline.new(
+    create(:ci_pipeline,
       sha: project.repository.commit('master').sha,
       ref: 'master',
       source: :push,
@@ -106,9 +106,7 @@ module CycleAnalyticsHelpers
   end
 
   def new_dummy_job(user, project, environment)
-    project.environments.find_or_create_by(name: environment)
-
-    Ci::Build.new(
+    create(:ci_build,
       project: project,
       user: user,
       environment: environment,

spec/workers/build_success_worker_spec.rb

@@ -2,15 +2,39 @@ require 'spec_helper'
 
 describe BuildSuccessWorker do
   describe '#perform' do
+    subject { described_class.new.perform(build.id) }
+
+    before do
+      allow_any_instance_of(Deployment).to receive(:create_ref)
+    end
+
     context 'when build exists' do
-      context 'when build belogs to the environment' do
-        let!(:build) { create(:ci_build, environment: 'production') }
+      context 'when deployment was not created with the build creation' do # An edge case during the transition period
+        let!(:build) { create(:ci_build, :deploy_to_production) }
+
+        before do
+          Deployment.delete_all
+          build.reload
+        end
 
-        it 'executes deployment service' do
-          expect_any_instance_of(CreateDeploymentService)
-            .to receive(:execute)
+        it 'creates a successful deployment' do
+          expect(build).not_to be_has_deployment
 
-          described_class.new.perform(build.id)
+          subject
+
+          build.reload
+          expect(build).to be_has_deployment
+          expect(build.deployment).to be_success
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when deployment was created with the build creation' do # Counter part of the above edge case
+        let!(:build) { create(:ci_build, :deploy_to_production) }
+
+        it 'does not create a new deployment' do
+          expect(build).to be_has_deployment
+
+          expect { subject }.not_to change { Deployment.count }
         end
       end
 
@@ -18,10 +42,22 @@ describe BuildSuccessWorker do
         let!(:build) { create(:ci_build, project: nil) }
 
         it 'does not create deployment' do
-          expect_any_instance_of(CreateDeploymentService)
-            .not_to receive(:execute)
+          subject
+
+          expect(build.reload).not_to be_has_deployment
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when the build will stop an environment' do
+        let!(:build) { create(:ci_build, :stop_review_app, environment: environment.name, project: environment.project) }
+        let(:environment) { create(:environment, state: :available) }
+
+        it 'stops the environment' do
+          expect(environment).to be_available
+
+          subject
 
-          described_class.new.perform(build.id)
+          expect(environment.reload).to be_stopped
         end
       end
     end

spec/workers/deployments/success_worker_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Deployments::SuccessWorker do
+  subject { described_class.new.perform(deployment&.id) }
+
+  context 'when successful deployment' do
+    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :success) }
+
+    it 'executes UpdateDeploymentService' do
+      expect(UpdateDeploymentService)
+        .to receive(:new).with(deployment).and_call_original
+
+      subject
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'when canceled deployment' do
+    let(:deployment) { create(:deployment, :canceled) }
+
+    it 'does not execute UpdateDeploymentService' do
+      expect(UpdateDeploymentService).not_to receive(:new)
+
+      subject
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'when deploy record does not exist' do
+    let(:deployment) { nil }
+
+    it 'does not execute UpdateDeploymentService' do
+      expect(UpdateDeploymentService).not_to receive(:new)
+
+      subject
+    end
+  end
+end