Merge branch '21170-cycle-analytics' into 'master'

Cycle Analytics: first iteration

## What does this MR do?

- Implement the first iteration of the "Cycle Analytics" feature.

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

- Closes #21170 

## Screenshots

![cycle_analytics_screencast.gif](/uploads/d23c3c912caa6935fd47b53ca3a56b97/cycle_analytics.gif)

## Backend Tasks

- [x]  Implementation
    - [x]  Phases
        - [x]  Issue (Tracker)
        - [x]  Plan (Board)
        - [x]  Code (IDE)
        - [x]  Test (CI)
        - [x]  Review (MR)
        - [x]  Staging (CD)
        - [x]  Production (Total)
    - [x]  Make heuristics more modular
    - [x]  Scope to project
    - [x]  Date range (30 days, 90 days)
    - [x]  Access restriction
- [x]  Test
    - [x]  Find a better way to test these phases
    - [x]  Phases
        - [x]  Issue (Tracker)
        - [x]  Plan (Board)
        - [x]  Code (IDE)
        - [x]  Test (CI)
        - [x]  Review (MR)
        - [x]  Staging (CD)
        - [x]  Production (Total)
    - [x]  Test for "end case happens before start case"
    - [x]  Consolidate helper
- [x]  Miniboss review
- [x]  Performance testing with mock data
- [x]  Improve performance
    - [x]  Pre-calculate "merge requests closing issues
    - [x]  Pre-calculate everything else
- [x]  Test performance against 10k issues
- [x]  Test all pre-calculation code
    - [x]  Ci::Pipeline -> build start/finish
    - [x]  Ci::Pipeline#merge_requests
    - [x]  Issue -> record default metrics after save
    - [x]  MergeRequest -> record default metrics after save
    - [x]  Deployment -> Update "first_deployed_to_production_at" for MR metrics
    - [x]  Git Push -> Update "first commit mention" for issue metrics
    - [x]  Merge request create/update/refresh -> Update "merge requests closing issues"
- [x]  Remove `MergeRequestsClosingIssues` when necessary
- [x]  Changes to unblock Fatih
    - [x]  Add summary data
    - [x]  `stats` should be array
    - [x]  Let `stats` be `null` if all `stats` are null
- [x]  Indexes for "merge requests closing issues"
- [x]  Test summary data
- [x]  Scope everything to project
    - [x]  Find out why tests were passing
- [x]  Filter should include issues/MRs which have made it to production within the range
- [x]  Don't create duplicate `MergeRequestsClosingIssues`
- [x]  Fix tests
- [x]  MySQL median
- [x]  Assign to Douwe for review
- [x]  Fix conflicts
- [x]  Implement suggestions from Yorick's review
    - [x]  Test on PG
    - [x]  Test on MySQL
- [x]  Refactor
    - [x]  Cleanup
        - [x]  What happens if we have no data at all?
        - [x]  Extract common queries to methods / scopes
    - [x]  Remove unused queries
    - [x]  Downtime for foreign key migrations
    - [x]  Find a way around "if issue.metrics.present?" all over the place
    - [x]  Find a way around "if merge_request.metrics.present?" all over the place
    - [x]  Test migrations on a fresh database
        - [x]  MySQL
        - [x]  Pg
- [x]  Access issues
    - While the project is public and the visibility is set to "Everyone with access", you cannot visit the cycle analytics page when signed out.
- [x]  CHANGELOG
- [x]  Implement suggestions from Douwe's review
    - [x]  First set of comments
    - [x]  Second set of comments
    - [x]  Third set of comments
    - [x]  Fourth set of comments
- [x]  Make sure build is green
- [ ]  Make issue for "polish"
- [ ]  EE MR


See merge request !5986

CHANGELOG

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ v 8.12.0 (unreleased)
   - Pass the "Remember me" value to the U2F authentication form
   - Display stages in valid order in stages dropdown on build page
   - Only update projects.last_activity_at once per hour when creating a new event
+  - Cycle analytics (first iteration) !5986
   - Remove vendor prefixes for linear-gradient CSS (ClemMakesApps)
   - Move pushes_since_gc from the database to Redis
   - Add font color contrast to external label in admin area (ClemMakesApps)

Gemfile

@@ -320,6 +320,7 @@ group :test do
   gem 'webmock', '~> 1.21.0'
   gem 'test_after_commit', '~> 0.4.2'
   gem 'sham_rack', '~> 1.3.6'
+  gem 'timecop', '~> 0.8.0'
 end
 
 group :production do

Gemfile.lock

@@ -980,6 +980,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   teaspoon-jasmine (~> 2.2.0)
   test_after_commit (~> 0.4.2)
   thin (~> 1.7.0)
+  timecop (~> 0.8.0)
   turbolinks (~> 2.5.0)
   u2f (~> 0.2.1)
   uglifier (~> 2.7.2)

app/assets/javascripts/cycle-analytics.js.es6

+((global) => {
+
+  const COOKIE_NAME = 'cycle_analytics_help_dismissed';
+
+  gl.CycleAnalytics = class CycleAnalytics {
+    constructor() {
+      const that = this;
+
+      this.isHelpDismissed = $.cookie(COOKIE_NAME);
+      this.vue = new Vue({
+        el: '#cycle-analytics',
+        name: 'CycleAnalytics',
+        created: this.fetchData(),
+        data: this.decorateData({ isLoading: true }),
+        methods: {
+          dismissLanding() {
+            that.dismissLanding();
+          }
+        }
+      });
+    }
+
+    fetchData(options) {
+      options = options || { startDate: 30 };
+
+      $.ajax({
+        url: $('#cycle-analytics').data('request-path'),
+        method: 'GET',
+        dataType: 'json',
+        contentType: 'application/json',
+        data: { start_date: options.startDate }
+      }).done((data) => {
+        this.vue.$data = this.decorateData(data);
+        this.initDropdown();
+      })
+      .error((data) => {
+        this.handleError(data);
+      })
+      .always(() => {
+        this.vue.isLoading = false;
+      })
+    }
+
+    decorateData(data) {
+      data.summary = data.summary || [];
+      data.stats = data.stats || [];
+      data.isHelpDismissed = this.isHelpDismissed;
+      data.isLoading = data.isLoading || false;
+
+      data.summary.forEach((item) => {
+        item.value = item.value || '-';
+      });
+
+      data.stats.forEach((item) => {
+        item.value = item.value || '- - -';
+      })
+
+      return data;
+    }
+
+    handleError(data) {
+      this.vue.$data = {
+        hasError: true,
+        isHelpDismissed: this.isHelpDismissed
+      };
+
+      new Flash('There was an error while fetching cycle analytics data.', 'alert');
+    }
+
+    dismissLanding() {
+      this.vue.isHelpDismissed = true;
+      $.cookie(COOKIE_NAME, true);
+    }
+
+    initDropdown() {
+      const $dropdown = $('.js-ca-dropdown');
+      const $label = $dropdown.find('.dropdown-label');
+
+      $dropdown.find('li a').off('click').on('click', (e) => {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        const $target = $(e.currentTarget);
+        const value = $target.data('value');
+
+        $label.text($target.text().trim());
+        this.vue.isLoading = true;
+        this.fetchData({ startDate: value });
+      })
+    }
+
+  }
+
+})(window.gl || (window.gl = {}));

app/assets/javascripts/dispatcher.js

@@ -94,6 +94,11 @@
           break;
         case "projects:merge_requests:conflicts":
           window.mcui = new MergeConflictResolver()
+          break;
+        case 'projects:merge_requests:index':
+          shortcut_handler = new ShortcutsNavigation();
+          Issuable.init();
+          break;
         case 'dashboard:activity':
           new Activities();
           break;
@@ -185,6 +190,9 @@
           new gl.ProtectedBranchCreate();
           new gl.ProtectedBranchEditList();
           break;
+        case 'projects:cycle_analytics:show':
+          new gl.CycleAnalytics();
+          break;
       }
       switch (path.first()) {
         case 'admin':

app/assets/stylesheets/pages/cycle_analytics.scss

+#cycle-analytics {
+  margin: 24px auto 0;
+  width: 800px;
+  position: relative;
+
+  .panel {
+
+    .content-block {
+      padding: 24px 0;
+      border-bottom: none;
+      position: relative;
+    }
+
+    .column {
+      text-align: center;
+
+      .header {
+        font-size: 30px;
+        line-height: 38px;
+        font-weight: normal;
+        margin: 0;
+      }
+
+      .text {
+        color: $layout-link-gray;
+        margin: 0;
+      }
+
+      &:last-child {
+        text-align: right;
+      }
+    }
+
+    .dropdown {
+      position: relative;
+      top: 13px;
+    }
+  }
+
+  .bordered-box {
+    border: 1px solid $border-color;
+    @include border-radius($border-radius-default);
+    position: relative;
+  }
+
+  .content-list {
+    li {
+      padding: 18px $gl-padding $gl-padding;
+
+      .container-fluid {
+        padding: 0;
+      }
+    }
+
+    .title-col {
+      p {
+        margin: 0;
+
+        &.title {
+          line-height: 19px;
+          font-size: 15px;
+          font-weight: 600;
+        }
+        &:text {
+          color: #8c8c8c;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    .value-col {
+      text-align: right;
+
+      span {
+        line-height: 42px;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  .landing {
+    margin-bottom: $gl-padding;
+    overflow: hidden;
+
+    .dismiss-icon {
+      position: absolute;
+      right: $gl-padding;
+      cursor: pointer;
+      color: #b2b2b2;
+    }
+
+    svg {
+      margin: 0 20px;
+      float: left;
+      width: 136px;
+      height: 136px;
+    }
+
+    .inner-content {
+      width: 480px;
+      float: left;
+
+      h4 {
+        color: $gl-text-color;
+        font-size: 17px;
+      }
+
+      p {
+        color: #8c8c8c;
+        margin-bottom: $gl-padding;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  .fa-spinner {
+    font-size: 28px;
+    position: relative;
+    margin-left: -20px;
+    left: 50%;
+    margin-top: 36px;
+  }
+
+}

app/controllers/projects/cycle_analytics_controller.rb

+class Projects::CycleAnalyticsController < Projects::ApplicationController
+  include ActionView::Helpers::DateHelper
+  include ActionView::Helpers::TextHelper
+
+  before_action :authorize_read_cycle_analytics!
+
+  def show
+    @cycle_analytics = CycleAnalytics.new(@project, from: parse_start_date)
+
+    respond_to do |format|
+      format.html
+      format.json { render json: cycle_analytics_json }
+    end
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def parse_start_date
+    case cycle_analytics_params[:start_date]
+    when '30' then 30.days.ago
+    when '90' then 90.days.ago
+    else 90.days.ago
+    end
+  end
+
+  def cycle_analytics_params
+    return {} unless params[:cycle_analytics].present?
+
+    { start_date: params[:cycle_analytics][:start_date] }
+  end
+
+  def cycle_analytics_json
+    cycle_analytics_view_data = [[:issue, "Issue", "Time before an issue gets scheduled"],
+                                 [:plan, "Plan", "Time before an issue starts implementation"],
+                                 [:code, "Code", "Time until first merge request"],
+                                 [:test, "Test", "Total test time for all commits/merges"],
+                                 [:review, "Review", "Time between merge request creation and merge/close"],
+                                 [:staging, "Staging", "From merge request merge until deploy to production"],
+                                 [:production, "Production", "From issue creation until deploy to production"]]
+
+    stats = cycle_analytics_view_data.reduce([]) do |stats, (stage_method, stage_text, stage_description)|
+      value = @cycle_analytics.send(stage_method).presence
+
+      stats << {
+        title: stage_text,
+        description: stage_description,
+        value: value && !value.zero? ? distance_of_time_in_words(value) : nil
+      }
+      stats
+    end
+
+    issues = @cycle_analytics.summary.new_issues
+    commits = @cycle_analytics.summary.commits
+    deploys = @cycle_analytics.summary.deploys
+
+    summary = [
+      { title: "New Issue".pluralize(issues), value: issues },
+      { title: "Commit".pluralize(commits), value: commits },
+      { title: "Deploy".pluralize(deploys), value: deploys }
+    ]
+
+    {
+      summary: summary,
+      stats: stats
+    }
+  end
+end

app/helpers/gitlab_routing_helper.rb

@@ -46,6 +46,10 @@ module GitlabRoutingHelper
     namespace_project_environments_path(project.namespace, project, *args)
   end
 
+  def project_cycle_analytics_path(project, *args)
+    namespace_project_cycle_analytics_path(project.namespace, project, *args)
+  end
+
   def project_builds_path(project, *args)
     namespace_project_builds_path(project.namespace, project, *args)
   end

app/models/ci/pipeline.rb

@@ -56,6 +56,16 @@ module Ci
         pipeline.finished_at = Time.now
       end
 
+      after_transition [:created, :pending] => :running do |pipeline|
+        MergeRequest::Metrics.where(merge_request_id: pipeline.merge_requests.map(&:id)).
+          update_all(latest_build_started_at: pipeline.started_at, latest_build_finished_at: nil)
+      end
+
+      after_transition any => [:success] do |pipeline|
+        MergeRequest::Metrics.where(merge_request_id: pipeline.merge_requests.map(&:id)).
+          update_all(latest_build_finished_at: pipeline.finished_at)
+      end
+
       before_transition do |pipeline|
         pipeline.update_duration
       end
@@ -280,6 +290,16 @@ module Ci
       project.execute_services(data, :pipeline_hooks)
     end
 
+    # Merge requests for which the current pipeline is running against
+    # the merge request's latest commit.
+    def merge_requests
+      @merge_requests ||=
+        begin
+          project.merge_requests.where(source_branch: self.ref).
+            select { |merge_request| merge_request.pipeline.try(:id) == self.id }
+        end
+    end
+
     private
 
     def pipeline_data

app/models/concerns/issuable.rb

@@ -28,10 +28,13 @@ module Issuable
         loaded? && to_a.all? { |note| note.association(:award_emoji).loaded? }
       end
     end
+
     has_many :label_links, as: :target, dependent: :destroy
     has_many :labels, through: :label_links
     has_many :todos, as: :target, dependent: :destroy
 
+    has_one :metrics
+
     validates :author, presence: true
     validates :title, presence: true, length: { within: 0..255 }
 
@@ -81,6 +84,7 @@ module Issuable
     acts_as_paranoid
 
     after_save :update_assignee_cache_counts, if: :assignee_id_changed?
+    after_save :record_metrics
 
     def update_assignee_cache_counts
       # make sure we flush the cache for both the old *and* new assignee
@@ -286,4 +290,9 @@ module Issuable
   def can_move?(*)
     false
   end
+
+  def record_metrics
+    metrics = self.metrics || create_metrics
+    metrics.record!
+  end
 end

app/models/cycle_analytics.rb

+class CycleAnalytics
+  include Gitlab::Database::Median
+  include Gitlab::Database::DateTime
+
+  def initialize(project, from:)
+    @project = project
+    @from = from
+  end
+
+  def summary
+    @summary ||= Summary.new(@project, from: @from)
+  end
+
+  def issue
+    calculate_metric(:issue,
+                     Issue.arel_table[:created_at],
+                     [Issue::Metrics.arel_table[:first_associated_with_milestone_at],
+                      Issue::Metrics.arel_table[:first_added_to_board_at]])
+  end
+
+  def plan
+    calculate_metric(:plan,
+                     [Issue::Metrics.arel_table[:first_associated_with_milestone_at],
+                      Issue::Metrics.arel_table[:first_added_to_board_at]],
+                     Issue::Metrics.arel_table[:first_mentioned_in_commit_at])
+  end
+
+  def code
+    calculate_metric(:code,
+                     Issue::Metrics.arel_table[:first_mentioned_in_commit_at],
+                     MergeRequest.arel_table[:created_at])
+  end
+
+  def test
+    calculate_metric(:test,
+                     MergeRequest::Metrics.arel_table[:latest_build_started_at],
+                     MergeRequest::Metrics.arel_table[:latest_build_finished_at])
+  end
+
+  def review
+    calculate_metric(:review,
+                     MergeRequest.arel_table[:created_at],
+                     MergeRequest::Metrics.arel_table[:merged_at])
+  end
+
+  def staging
+    calculate_metric(:staging,
+                     MergeRequest::Metrics.arel_table[:merged_at],
+                     MergeRequest::Metrics.arel_table[:first_deployed_to_production_at])
+  end
+
+  def production
+    calculate_metric(:production,
+                     Issue.arel_table[:created_at],
+                     MergeRequest::Metrics.arel_table[:first_deployed_to_production_at])
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def calculate_metric(name, start_time_attrs, end_time_attrs)
+    cte_table = Arel::Table.new("cte_table_for_#{name}")
+
+    # Build a `SELECT` query. We find the first of the `end_time_attrs` that isn't `NULL` (call this end_time).
+    # Next, we find the first of the start_time_attrs that isn't `NULL` (call this start_time).
+    # We compute the (end_time - start_time) interval, and give it an alias based on the current
+    # cycle analytics stage.
+    interval_query = Arel::Nodes::As.new(
+      cte_table,
+      subtract_datetimes(base_query, end_time_attrs, start_time_attrs, name.to_s))
+
+    median_datetime(cte_table, interval_query, name)
+  end
+
+  # Join table with a row for every <issue,merge_request> pair (where the merge request
+  # closes the given issue) with issue and merge request metrics included. The metrics
+  # are loaded with an inner join, so issues / merge requests without metrics are
+  # automatically excluded.
+  def base_query
+    arel_table = MergeRequestsClosingIssues.arel_table
+
+    # Load issues
+    query = arel_table.join(Issue.arel_table).on(Issue.arel_table[:id].eq(arel_table[:issue_id])).
+            join(Issue::Metrics.arel_table).on(Issue.arel_table[:id].eq(Issue::Metrics.arel_table[:issue_id])).
+            where(Issue.arel_table[:project_id].eq(@project.id)).
+            where(Issue.arel_table[:deleted_at].eq(nil)).
+            where(Issue.arel_table[:created_at].gteq(@from))
+
+    # Load merge_requests
+    query = query.join(MergeRequest.arel_table, Arel::Nodes::OuterJoin).
+            on(MergeRequest.arel_table[:id].eq(arel_table[:merge_request_id])).
+            join(MergeRequest::Metrics.arel_table).
+            on(MergeRequest.arel_table[:id].eq(MergeRequest::Metrics.arel_table[:merge_request_id]))
+
+    # Limit to merge requests that have been deployed to production after `@from`
+    query.where(MergeRequest::Metrics.arel_table[:first_deployed_to_production_at].gteq(@from))
+  end
+end

app/models/cycle_analytics/summary.rb

+class CycleAnalytics
+  class Summary
+    def initialize(project, from:)
+      @project = project
+      @from = from
+    end
+
+    def new_issues
+      @project.issues.created_after(@from).count
+    end
+
+    def commits
+      repository = @project.repository.raw_repository
+
+      if @project.default_branch
+        repository.log(ref: @project.default_branch, after: @from).count
+      end
+    end
+
+    def deploys
+      @project.deployments.where("created_at > ?", @from).count
+    end
+  end
+end

app/models/deployment.rb

@@ -42,4 +42,38 @@ class Deployment < ActiveRecord::Base
 
     project.repository.is_ancestor?(commit.id, sha)
   end
+
+  def update_merge_request_metrics!
+    return unless environment.update_merge_request_metrics?
+
+    merge_requests = project.merge_requests.
+                     joins(:metrics).
+                     where(target_branch: self.ref, merge_request_metrics: { first_deployed_to_production_at: nil }).
+                     where("merge_request_metrics.merged_at <= ?", self.created_at)
+
+    if previous_deployment
+      merge_requests = merge_requests.where("merge_request_metrics.merged_at >= ?", previous_deployment.created_at)
+    end
+
+    # Need to use `map` instead of `select` because MySQL doesn't allow `SELECT`ing from the same table
+    # that we're updating.
+    merge_request_ids =
+      if Gitlab::Database.postgresql?
+        merge_requests.select(:id)
+      elsif Gitlab::Database.mysql?
+        merge_requests.map(&:id)
+      end
+
+    MergeRequest::Metrics.
+      where(merge_request_id: merge_request_ids, first_deployed_to_production_at: nil).
+      update_all(first_deployed_to_production_at: self.created_at)
+  end
+
+  def previous_deployment
+    @previous_deployment ||=
+      project.deployments.joins(:environment).
+      where(environments: { name: self.environment.name }, ref: self.ref).
+      where.not(id: self.id).
+      take
+  end
 end

app/models/environment.rb

@@ -43,4 +43,8 @@ class Environment < ActiveRecord::Base
 
     last_deployment.includes_commit?(commit)
   end
+
+  def update_merge_request_metrics?
+    self.name == "production"
+  end
 end

app/models/issue.rb

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ class Issue < ActiveRecord::Base
 
   has_many :events, as: :target, dependent: :destroy
 
+  has_many :merge_requests_closing_issues, class_name: 'MergeRequestsClosingIssues', dependent: :delete_all
+
   validates :project, presence: true
 
   scope :cared, ->(user) { where(assignee_id: user) }
@@ -36,6 +38,8 @@ class Issue < ActiveRecord::Base
   scope :order_due_date_asc, -> { reorder('issues.due_date IS NULL, issues.due_date ASC') }
   scope :order_due_date_desc, -> { reorder('issues.due_date IS NULL, issues.due_date DESC') }
 
+  scope :created_after, -> (datetime) { where("created_at >= ?", datetime) }
+
   attr_spammable :title, spam_title: true
   attr_spammable :description, spam_description: true
 

app/models/issue/metrics.rb

+class Issue::Metrics < ActiveRecord::Base
+  belongs_to :issue
+
+  def record!
+    if issue.milestone_id.present? && self.first_associated_with_milestone_at.blank?
+      self.first_associated_with_milestone_at = Time.now
+    end
+
+    if issue_assigned_to_list_label? && self.first_added_to_board_at.blank?
+      self.first_added_to_board_at = Time.now
+    end
+
+    self.save
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def issue_assigned_to_list_label?
+    issue.labels.any? { |label| label.lists.present? }
+  end
+end

app/models/merge_request.rb

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ class MergeRequest < ActiveRecord::Base
 
   has_many :events, as: :target, dependent: :destroy
 
+  has_many :merge_requests_closing_issues, class_name: 'MergeRequestsClosingIssues', dependent: :delete_all
+
   serialize :merge_params, Hash
 
   after_create :ensure_merge_request_diff, unless: :importing?
@@ -501,6 +503,19 @@ class MergeRequest < ActiveRecord::Base
     target_project
   end
 
+  # If the merge request closes any issues, save this information in the
+  # `MergeRequestsClosingIssues` model. This is a performance optimization.
+  # Calculating this information for a number of merge requests requires
+  # running `ReferenceExtractor` on each of them separately.
+  def cache_merge_request_closes_issues!(current_user = self.author)
+    transaction do
+      self.merge_requests_closing_issues.delete_all
+      closes_issues(current_user).each do |issue|
+        self.merge_requests_closing_issues.create!(issue: issue)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def closes_issue?(issue)
     closes_issues.include?(issue)
   end
@@ -508,7 +523,8 @@ class MergeRequest < ActiveRecord::Base
   # Return the set of issues that will be closed if this merge request is accepted.
   def closes_issues(current_user = self.author)
     if target_branch == project.default_branch
-      messages = commits.map(&:safe_message) << description
+      messages = [description]
+      messages.concat(commits.map(&:safe_message)) if merge_request_diff
 
       Gitlab::ClosingIssueExtractor.new(project, current_user).
         closed_by_message(messages.join("\n"))

app/models/merge_request/metrics.rb

+class MergeRequest::Metrics < ActiveRecord::Base
+  belongs_to :merge_request
+
+  def record!
+    if merge_request.merged? && self.merged_at.blank?
+      self.merged_at = Time.now
+    end
+
+    self.save
+  end
+end

app/models/merge_requests_closing_issues.rb

+class MergeRequestsClosingIssues < ActiveRecord::Base
+  belongs_to :merge_request
+  belongs_to :issue
+
+  validates :merge_request_id, uniqueness: { scope: :issue_id }, presence: true
+  validates :issue_id, presence: true
+end

app/policies/project_policy.rb

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ class ProjectPolicy < BasePolicy
     can! :create_issue
     can! :create_note
     can! :upload_file
+    can! :read_cycle_analytics
   end
 
   def reporter_access!
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@ class ProjectPolicy < BasePolicy
     can! :read_commit_status
     can! :read_container_image
     can! :download_code
+    can! :read_cycle_analytics
 
     # NOTE: may be overridden by IssuePolicy
     can! :read_issue

app/services/create_deployment_service.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ class CreateDeploymentService < BaseService
   def execute(deployable = nil)
     environment = find_or_create_environment
 
-    project.deployments.create(
+    deployment = project.deployments.create(
       environment: environment,
       ref: params[:ref],
       tag: params[:tag],
@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ class CreateDeploymentService < BaseService
       user: current_user,
       deployable: deployable
     )
+
+    deployment.update_merge_request_metrics!
+
+    deployment
   end
 
   private

app/services/git_push_service.rb

@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ class GitPushService < BaseService
       end
 
       commit.create_cross_references!(authors[commit], closed_issues)
+      update_issue_metrics(commit, authors)
     end
   end
 
@@ -186,4 +187,11 @@ class GitPushService < BaseService
   def branch_name
     @branch_name ||= Gitlab::Git.ref_name(params[:ref])
   end
+
+  def update_issue_metrics(commit, authors)
+    mentioned_issues = commit.all_references(authors[commit]).issues
+
+    Issue::Metrics.where(issue_id: mentioned_issues.map(&:id), first_mentioned_in_commit_at: nil).
+      update_all(first_mentioned_in_commit_at: commit.committed_date)
+  end
 end

app/services/issuable_base_service.rb

@@ -157,6 +157,10 @@ class IssuableBaseService < BaseService
     # To be overridden by subclasses
   end
 
+  def after_update(issuable)
+    # To be overridden by subclasses
+  end
+
   def update_issuable(issuable, attributes)
     issuable.with_transaction_returning_status do
       issuable.update(attributes.merge(updated_by: current_user))
@@ -182,6 +186,7 @@ class IssuableBaseService < BaseService
       end
 
       handle_changes(issuable, old_labels: old_labels, old_mentioned_users: old_mentioned_users)
+      after_update(issuable)
       issuable.create_new_cross_references!(current_user)
       execute_hooks(issuable, 'update')
     end

app/services/merge_requests/create_service.rb

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ module MergeRequests
       event_service.open_mr(issuable, current_user)
       notification_service.new_merge_request(issuable, current_user)
       todo_service.new_merge_request(issuable, current_user)
+      issuable.cache_merge_request_closes_issues!(current_user)
     end
   end
 end

app/services/merge_requests/refresh_service.rb

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ module MergeRequests
       reload_merge_requests
       reset_merge_when_build_succeeds
       mark_pending_todos_done
+      cache_merge_requests_closing_issues
 
       # Leave a system note if a branch was deleted/added
       if branch_added? || branch_removed?
@@ -141,6 +142,14 @@ module MergeRequests
       end
     end
 
+    # If the merge requests closes any issues, save this information in the
+    # `MergeRequestsClosingIssues` model (as a performance optimization).
+    def cache_merge_requests_closing_issues
+      @project.merge_requests.where(source_branch: @branch_name).each do |merge_request|
+        merge_request.cache_merge_request_closes_issues!(@current_user)
+      end
+    end
+
     def filter_merge_requests(merge_requests)
       merge_requests.uniq.select(&:source_project)
     end

app/services/merge_requests/update_service.rb

@@ -77,5 +77,9 @@ module MergeRequests
     def close_service
       MergeRequests::CloseService
     end
+
+    def after_update(issuable)
+      issuable.cache_merge_request_closes_issues!(current_user)
+    end
   end
 end

app/views/layouts/nav/_project.html.haml

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
             Repository
 
     - if project_nav_tab? :pipelines
-      = nav_link(controller: [:pipelines, :builds, :environments]) do
+      = nav_link(controller: [:pipelines, :builds, :environments, :cycle_analytics]) do
         = link_to project_pipelines_path(@project), title: 'Pipelines', class: 'shortcuts-pipelines' do
           %span
             Pipelines

app/views/projects/cycle_analytics/show.html.haml

+- @no_container = true
+- page_title "Cycle Analytics"
+= render "projects/pipelines/head"
+
+#cycle-analytics{"v-cloak" => "true", data: { request_path: project_cycle_analytics_path(@project)}}
+
+  .bordered-box.landing.content-block{"v-if" => "!isHelpDismissed"}
+    = icon('times', class: 'dismiss-icon', "@click": "dismissLanding()")
+    = custom_icon('icon_cycle_analytics_splash')
+    .inner-content
+      %h4
+        Introducing Cycle Analytics
+      %p
+        Cycle Analytics gives an overview of how much time it takes to go from idea to production in your project.
+
+      = link_to "Read more",  help_page_path('user/project/cycle_analytics'), target: '_blank', class: 'btn'
+
+  = icon("spinner spin", "v-show" => "isLoading")
+
+  .wrapper{"v-show" => "!isLoading && !hasError"}
+    .panel.panel-default
+      .panel-heading
+        Pipeline Health
+
+      .content-block
+        .container-fluid
+          .row
+            .col-xs-3.column{"v-for" => "item in summary"}
+              %h3.header {{item.value}}
+              %p.text {{item.title}}
+
+            .col-xs-3.column
+              .dropdown.inline.js-ca-dropdown
+                %button.dropdown-menu-toggle{"data-toggle" => "dropdown", :type => "button"}
+                  %span.dropdown-label Last 30 days
+                  %i.fa.fa-chevron-down
+                %ul.dropdown-menu.dropdown-menu-align-right
+                  %li
+                    %a{'href' => "#", 'data-value' => '30'}
+                      Last 30 days
+                  %li
+                    %a{'href' => "#", 'data-value' => '90'}
+                      Last 90 days
+
+    .bordered-box
+      %ul.content-list
+        %li{"v-for" => "item in stats"}
+          .container-fluid
+            .row
+              .col-xs-10.title-col
+                %p.title
+                  {{item.title}}
+                %p.text
+                  {{item.description}}
+              .col-xs-2.value-col
+                %span
+                  {{item.value}}

app/views/projects/pipelines/_head.html.haml

@@ -19,3 +19,9 @@
           = link_to project_environments_path(@project), title: 'Environments', class: 'shortcuts-environments' do
             %span
               Environments
+
+      - if can?(current_user, :read_cycle_analytics, @project)
+        = nav_link(controller: %w(cycle_analytics)) do
+          = link_to project_cycle_analytics_path(@project), title: 'Cycle Analytics' do
+            %span
+              Cycle Analytics

app/views/shared/icons/_icon_cycle_analytics_splash.svg

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config/routes.rb

@@ -780,6 +780,8 @@ Rails.application.routes.draw do
 
         resources :environments
 
+        resource :cycle_analytics, only: [:show]
+
         resources :builds, only: [:index, :show], constraints: { id: /\d+/ } do
           collection do
             post :cancel_all

db/fixtures/development/17_cycle_analytics.rb

+require 'sidekiq/testing'
+require './spec/support/test_env'
+
+class Gitlab::Seeder::CycleAnalytics
+  def initialize(project, perf: false)
+    @project = project
+    @user = User.order(:id).last
+    @issue_count = perf ? 1000 : 5
+    stub_git_pre_receive!
+  end
+
+  # The GitLab API needn't be running for the fixtures to be
+  # created. Since we're performing a number of git actions
+  # here (like creating a branch or committing a file), we need
+  # to disable the `pre_receive` hook in order to remove this
+  # dependency on the GitLab API.
+  def stub_git_pre_receive!
+    GitHooksService.class_eval do
+      def run_hook(name)
+        [true, '']
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def seed_metrics!
+    @issue_count.times do |index|
+      # Issue
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      title = "#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{rand(1000)}"
+      issue = Issue.create(project: @project, title: title, author: @user)
+      issue_metrics = issue.metrics
+
+      # Milestones / Labels
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      if index.even?
+        issue_metrics.first_associated_with_milestone_at = rand(6..12).hours.from_now
+      else
+        issue_metrics.first_added_to_board_at = rand(6..12).hours.from_now
+      end
+
+      # Commit
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      issue_metrics.first_mentioned_in_commit_at = rand(6..12).hours.from_now
+
+      # MR
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      branch_name = "#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{rand(1000)}"
+      @project.repository.add_branch(@user, branch_name, 'master')
+      merge_request = MergeRequest.create(target_project: @project, source_project: @project, source_branch: branch_name, target_branch: 'master', title: branch_name, author: @user)
+      merge_request_metrics = merge_request.metrics
+
+      # MR closing issues
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      MergeRequestsClosingIssues.create!(issue: issue, merge_request: merge_request)
+
+      # Merge
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      merge_request_metrics.merged_at = rand(6..12).hours.from_now
+
+      # Start build
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      merge_request_metrics.latest_build_started_at = rand(6..12).hours.from_now
+
+      # Finish build
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      merge_request_metrics.latest_build_finished_at = rand(6..12).hours.from_now
+
+      # Deploy to production
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      merge_request_metrics.first_deployed_to_production_at = rand(6..12).hours.from_now
+
+      issue_metrics.save!
+      merge_request_metrics.save!
+
+      print '.'
+    end
+  end
+
+  def seed!
+    Sidekiq::Testing.inline! do
+      issues = create_issues
+      puts '.'
+
+      # Stage 1
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      add_milestones_and_list_labels(issues)
+      print '.'
+
+      # Stage 2
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      branches = mention_in_commits(issues)
+      print '.'
+
+      # Stage 3
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      merge_requests = create_merge_requests_closing_issues(issues, branches)
+      print '.'
+
+      # Stage 4
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      run_builds(merge_requests)
+      print '.'
+
+      # Stage 5
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      merge_merge_requests(merge_requests)
+      print '.'
+
+      # Stage 6 / 7
+      Timecop.travel 5.days.from_now
+      deploy_to_production(merge_requests)
+      print '.'
+    end
+
+    print '.'
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def create_issues
+    Array.new(@issue_count) do
+      issue_params = {
+        title: "Cycle Analytics: #{FFaker::Lorem.sentence(6)}",
+        description: FFaker::Lorem.sentence,
+        state: 'opened',
+        assignee: @project.team.users.sample
+      }
+
+      Issues::CreateService.new(@project, @project.team.users.sample, issue_params).execute
+    end
+  end
+
+  def add_milestones_and_list_labels(issues)
+    issues.shuffle.map.with_index do |issue, index|
+      Timecop.travel 12.hours.from_now
+
+      if index.even?
+        issue.update(milestone: @project.milestones.sample)
+      else
+        label_name = "#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{rand(1000)}"
+        list_label = FactoryGirl.create(:label, title: label_name, project: issue.project)
+        FactoryGirl.create(:list, board: FactoryGirl.create(:board, project: issue.project), label: list_label)
+        issue.update(labels: [list_label])
+      end
+
+      issue
+    end
+  end
+
+  def mention_in_commits(issues)
+    issues.map do |issue|
+      Timecop.travel 12.hours.from_now
+
+      branch_name = filename = "#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{rand(1000)}"
+
+      issue.project.repository.add_branch(@user, branch_name, 'master')
+
+      options = {
+        committer: issue.project.repository.user_to_committer(@user),
+        author: issue.project.repository.user_to_committer(@user),
+        commit: { message: "Commit for ##{issue.iid}", branch: branch_name, update_ref: true },
+        file: { content: "content", path: filename, update: false }
+      }
+
+      commit_sha = Gitlab::Git::Blob.commit(issue.project.repository, options)
+      issue.project.repository.commit(commit_sha)
+
+
+      GitPushService.new(issue.project,
+                         @user,
+                         oldrev: issue.project.repository.commit("master").sha,
+                         newrev: commit_sha,
+                         ref: 'refs/heads/master').execute
+
+      branch_name
+    end
+  end
+
+  def create_merge_requests_closing_issues(issues, branches)
+    issues.zip(branches).map do |issue, branch|
+      Timecop.travel 12.hours.from_now
+
+      opts = {
+        title: 'Cycle Analytics merge_request',
+        description: "Fixes #{issue.to_reference}",
+        source_branch: branch,
+        target_branch: 'master'
+      }
+
+      MergeRequests::CreateService.new(issue.project, @user, opts).execute
+    end
+  end
+
+  def run_builds(merge_requests)
+    merge_requests.each do |merge_request|
+      Timecop.travel 12.hours.from_now
+
+      service = Ci::CreatePipelineService.new(merge_request.project,
+                                              @user,
+                                              ref: "refs/heads/#{merge_request.source_branch}")
+      pipeline = service.execute(ignore_skip_ci: true, save_on_errors: false)
+
+      pipeline.run!
+      Timecop.travel rand(1..6).hours.from_now
+      pipeline.succeed!
+    end
+  end
+
+  def merge_merge_requests(merge_requests)
+    merge_requests.each do |merge_request|
+      Timecop.travel 12.hours.from_now
+
+      MergeRequests::MergeService.new(merge_request.project, @user).execute(merge_request)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def deploy_to_production(merge_requests)
+    merge_requests.each do |merge_request|
+      Timecop.travel 12.hours.from_now
+
+      CreateDeploymentService.new(merge_request.project, @user, {
+                                    environment: 'production',
+                                    ref: 'master',
+                                    tag: false,
+                                    sha: @project.repository.commit('master').sha
+                                  }).execute
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+Gitlab::Seeder.quiet do
+  if ENV['SEED_CYCLE_ANALYTICS']
+    Project.all.each do |project|
+      seeder = Gitlab::Seeder::CycleAnalytics.new(project)
+      seeder.seed!
+    end
+  elsif ENV['CYCLE_ANALYTICS_PERF_TEST']
+    seeder = Gitlab::Seeder::CycleAnalytics.new(Project.order(:id).first, perf: true)
+    seeder.seed!
+  elsif ENV['CYCLE_ANALYTICS_POPULATE_METRICS_DIRECTLY']
+    seeder = Gitlab::Seeder::CycleAnalytics.new(Project.order(:id).first, perf: true)
+    seeder.seed_metrics!
+  else
+    puts "Not running the cycle analytics seed file. Use the `SEED_CYCLE_ANALYTICS` environment variable to enable it."
+  end
+end

db/migrate/20160824124900_add_table_issue_metrics.rb

+# See http://doc.gitlab.com/ce/development/migration_style_guide.html
+# for more information on how to write migrations for GitLab.
+
+class AddTableIssueMetrics < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  include Gitlab::Database::MigrationHelpers
+
+  # Set this constant to true if this migration requires downtime.
+  DOWNTIME = true
+
+  # When a migration requires downtime you **must** uncomment the following
+  # constant and define a short and easy to understand explanation as to why the
+  # migration requires downtime.
+  DOWNTIME_REASON = 'Adding foreign key'
+
+  # When using the methods "add_concurrent_index" or "add_column_with_default"
+  # you must disable the use of transactions as these methods can not run in an
+  # existing transaction. When using "add_concurrent_index" make sure that this
+  # method is the _only_ method called in the migration, any other changes
+  # should go in a separate migration. This ensures that upon failure _only_ the
+  # index creation fails and can be retried or reverted easily.
+  #
+  # To disable transactions uncomment the following line and remove these
+  # comments:
+  # disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  def change
+    create_table :issue_metrics do |t|
+      t.references :issue, index: { name: "index_issue_metrics" }, foreign_key: { on_delete: :cascade }, null: false
+
+      t.datetime 'first_mentioned_in_commit_at'
+      t.datetime 'first_associated_with_milestone_at'
+      t.datetime 'first_added_to_board_at'
+
+      t.timestamps null: false
+    end
+  end
+end

db/migrate/20160825052008_add_table_merge_request_metrics.rb

+# See http://doc.gitlab.com/ce/development/migration_style_guide.html
+# for more information on how to write migrations for GitLab.
+
+class AddTableMergeRequestMetrics < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  include Gitlab::Database::MigrationHelpers
+
+  # Set this constant to true if this migration requires downtime.
+  DOWNTIME = true
+
+  # When a migration requires downtime you **must** uncomment the following
+  # constant and define a short and easy to understand explanation as to why the
+  # migration requires downtime.
+  DOWNTIME_REASON = 'Adding foreign key'
+
+  # When using the methods "add_concurrent_index" or "add_column_with_default"
+  # you must disable the use of transactions as these methods can not run in an
+  # existing transaction. When using "add_concurrent_index" make sure that this
+  # method is the _only_ method called in the migration, any other changes
+  # should go in a separate migration. This ensures that upon failure _only_ the
+  # index creation fails and can be retried or reverted easily.
+  #
+  # To disable transactions uncomment the following line and remove these
+  # comments:
+  # disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  def change
+    create_table :merge_request_metrics do |t|
+      t.references :merge_request, index: { name: "index_merge_request_metrics" }, foreign_key: { on_delete: :cascade }, null: false
+
+      t.datetime 'latest_build_started_at'
+      t.datetime 'latest_build_finished_at'
+      t.datetime 'first_deployed_to_production_at', index: true
+      t.datetime 'merged_at'
+
+      t.timestamps null: false
+    end
+  end
+end

db/migrate/20160915042921_create_merge_requests_closing_issues.rb

+# See http://doc.gitlab.com/ce/development/migration_style_guide.html
+# for more information on how to write migrations for GitLab.
+
+class CreateMergeRequestsClosingIssues < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  include Gitlab::Database::MigrationHelpers
+
+  # Set this constant to true if this migration requires downtime.
+  DOWNTIME = true
+
+  # When a migration requires downtime you **must** uncomment the following
+  # constant and define a short and easy to understand explanation as to why the
+  # migration requires downtime.
+  DOWNTIME_REASON = 'Adding foreign keys'
+
+  # When using the methods "add_concurrent_index" or "add_column_with_default"
+  # you must disable the use of transactions as these methods can not run in an
+  # existing transaction. When using "add_concurrent_index" make sure that this
+  # method is the _only_ method called in the migration, any other changes
+  # should go in a separate migration. This ensures that upon failure _only_ the
+  # index creation fails and can be retried or reverted easily.
+  #
+  # To disable transactions uncomment the following line and remove these
+  # comments:
+  # disable_ddl_transaction!
+
+  def change
+    create_table :merge_requests_closing_issues do |t|
+      t.references :merge_request, foreign_key: { on_delete: :cascade }, index: true, null: false
+      t.references :issue, foreign_key: { on_delete: :cascade }, index: true, null: false
+
+      t.timestamps null: false
+    end
+  end
+end

db/schema.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #
 # It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
 
-ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20160913212128) do
+ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20160915081353) do
 
   # These are extensions that must be enabled in order to support this database
   enable_extension "plpgsql"
@@ -439,6 +439,17 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20160913212128) do
 
   add_index "identities", ["user_id"], name: "index_identities_on_user_id", using: :btree
 
+  create_table "issue_metrics", force: :cascade do |t|
+    t.integer  "issue_id",                           null: false
+    t.datetime "first_associated_with_milestone_at"
+    t.datetime "first_added_to_board_at"
+    t.datetime "created_at",                         null: false
+    t.datetime "updated_at",                         null: false
+    t.datetime "first_mentioned_in_commit_at"
+  end
+
+  add_index "issue_metrics", ["issue_id"], name: "index_issue_metrics", using: :btree
+
   create_table "issues", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string   "title"
     t.integer  "assignee_id"
@@ -581,6 +592,18 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20160913212128) do
 
   add_index "merge_request_diffs", ["merge_request_id"], name: "index_merge_request_diffs_on_merge_request_id", using: :btree
 
+  create_table "merge_request_metrics", force: :cascade do |t|
+    t.integer  "merge_request_id",                null: false
+    t.datetime "latest_build_started_at"
+    t.datetime "latest_build_finished_at"
+    t.datetime "first_deployed_to_production_at"
+    t.datetime "merged_at"
+    t.datetime "created_at",                      null: false
+    t.datetime "updated_at",                      null: false
+  end
+
+  add_index "merge_request_metrics", ["merge_request_id"], name: "index_merge_request_metrics", using: :btree
+
   create_table "merge_requests", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string   "target_branch",                                null: false
     t.string   "source_branch",                                null: false
@@ -622,6 +645,16 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20160913212128) do
   add_index "merge_requests", ["title"], name: "index_merge_requests_on_title", using: :btree
   add_index "merge_requests", ["title"], name: "index_merge_requests_on_title_trigram", using: :gin, opclasses: {"title"=>"gin_trgm_ops"}
 
+  create_table "merge_requests_closing_issues", force: :cascade do |t|
+    t.integer  "merge_request_id", null: false
+    t.integer  "issue_id",         null: false
+    t.datetime "created_at",       null: false
+    t.datetime "updated_at",       null: false
+  end
+
+  add_index "merge_requests_closing_issues", ["issue_id"], name: "index_merge_requests_closing_issues_on_issue_id", using: :btree
+  add_index "merge_requests_closing_issues", ["merge_request_id"], name: "index_merge_requests_closing_issues_on_merge_request_id", using: :btree
+
   create_table "milestones", force: :cascade do |t|
     t.string   "title",       null: false
     t.integer  "project_id",  null: false
@@ -1147,8 +1180,12 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 20160913212128) do
   add_index "web_hooks", ["project_id"], name: "index_web_hooks_on_project_id", using: :btree
 
   add_foreign_key "boards", "projects"
+  add_foreign_key "issue_metrics", "issues", on_delete: :cascade
   add_foreign_key "lists", "boards"
   add_foreign_key "lists", "labels"
+  add_foreign_key "merge_request_metrics", "merge_requests", on_delete: :cascade
+  add_foreign_key "merge_requests_closing_issues", "issues", on_delete: :cascade
+  add_foreign_key "merge_requests_closing_issues", "merge_requests", on_delete: :cascade
   add_foreign_key "personal_access_tokens", "users"
   add_foreign_key "protected_branch_merge_access_levels", "protected_branches"
   add_foreign_key "protected_branch_push_access_levels", "protected_branches"

lib/gitlab/database/date_time.rb

+module Gitlab
+  module Database
+    module DateTime
+      # Find the first of the `end_time_attrs` that isn't `NULL`. Subtract from it
+      # the first of the `start_time_attrs` that isn't NULL. `SELECT` the resulting interval
+      # along with an alias specified by the `as` parameter.
+      #
+      # Note: For MySQL, the interval is returned in seconds.
+      #       For PostgreSQL, the interval is returned as an INTERVAL type.
+      def subtract_datetimes(query_so_far, end_time_attrs, start_time_attrs, as)
+        diff_fn = if Gitlab::Database.postgresql?
+                    Arel::Nodes::Subtraction.new(
+                      Arel::Nodes::NamedFunction.new("COALESCE", Array.wrap(end_time_attrs)),
+                      Arel::Nodes::NamedFunction.new("COALESCE", Array.wrap(start_time_attrs)))
+                  elsif Gitlab::Database.mysql?
+                    Arel::Nodes::NamedFunction.new(
+                      "TIMESTAMPDIFF",
+                      [Arel.sql('second'),
+                       Arel::Nodes::NamedFunction.new("COALESCE", Array.wrap(start_time_attrs)),
+                       Arel::Nodes::NamedFunction.new("COALESCE", Array.wrap(end_time_attrs))])
+                  end
+
+        query_so_far.project(diff_fn.as(as))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

lib/gitlab/database/median.rb

+# https://www.periscopedata.com/blog/medians-in-sql.html
+module Gitlab
+  module Database
+    module Median
+      def median_datetime(arel_table, query_so_far, column_sym)
+        median_queries =
+          if Gitlab::Database.postgresql?
+            pg_median_datetime_sql(arel_table, query_so_far, column_sym)
+          elsif Gitlab::Database.mysql?
+            mysql_median_datetime_sql(arel_table, query_so_far, column_sym)
+          end
+
+        results = Array.wrap(median_queries).map do |query|
+          ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute(query)
+        end
+        extract_median(results).presence
+      end
+
+      def extract_median(results)
+        result = results.compact.first
+
+        if Gitlab::Database.postgresql?
+          result = result.first.presence
+          median = result['median'] if result
+          median.to_f if median
+        elsif Gitlab::Database.mysql?
+          result.to_a.flatten.first
+        end
+      end
+
+      def mysql_median_datetime_sql(arel_table, query_so_far, column_sym)
+        query = arel_table.
+                from(arel_table.project(Arel.sql('*')).order(arel_table[column_sym]).as(arel_table.table_name)).
+                project(average([arel_table[column_sym]], 'median')).
+                where(
+                  Arel::Nodes::Between.new(
+                    Arel.sql("(select @row_id := @row_id + 1)"),
+                    Arel::Nodes::And.new(
+                      [Arel.sql('@ct/2.0'),
+                       Arel.sql('@ct/2.0 + 1')]
+                    )
+                  )
+                ).
+                # Disallow negative values
+                where(arel_table[column_sym].gteq(0))
+
+        [
+          Arel.sql("CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS #{query_so_far.to_sql}"),
+          Arel.sql("set @ct := (select count(1) from #{arel_table.table_name});"),
+          Arel.sql("set @row_id := 0;"),
+          query.to_sql,
+          Arel.sql("DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS #{arel_table.table_name};")
+        ]
+      end
+
+      def pg_median_datetime_sql(arel_table, query_so_far, column_sym)
+        # Create a CTE with the column we're operating on, row number (after sorting by the column
+        # we're operating on), and count of the table we're operating on (duplicated across) all rows
+        # of the CTE. For example, if we're looking to find the median of the `projects.star_count`
+        # column, the CTE might look like this:
+        #
+        #  star_count | row_id | ct
+        # ------------+--------+----
+        #           5 |      1 |  3
+        #           9 |      2 |  3
+        #          15 |      3 |  3
+        cte_table = Arel::Table.new("ordered_records")
+        cte = Arel::Nodes::As.new(
+          cte_table,
+          arel_table.
+            project(
+              arel_table[column_sym].as(column_sym.to_s),
+              Arel::Nodes::Over.new(Arel::Nodes::NamedFunction.new("row_number", []),
+                                    Arel::Nodes::Window.new.order(arel_table[column_sym])).as('row_id'),
+              arel_table.project("COUNT(1)").as('ct')).
+            # Disallow negative values
+            where(arel_table[column_sym].gteq(zero_interval)))
+
+        # From the CTE, select either the middle row or the middle two rows (this is accomplished
+        # by 'where cte.row_id between cte.ct / 2.0 AND cte.ct / 2.0 + 1'). Find the average of the
+        # selected rows, and this is the median value.
+        cte_table.project(average([extract_epoch(cte_table[column_sym])], "median")).
+          where(
+            Arel::Nodes::Between.new(
+              cte_table[:row_id],
+              Arel::Nodes::And.new(
+                [(cte_table[:ct] / Arel.sql('2.0')),
+                 (cte_table[:ct] / Arel.sql('2.0') + 1)]
+              )
+            )
+          ).
+          with(query_so_far, cte).
+          to_sql
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def average(args, as)
+        Arel::Nodes::NamedFunction.new("AVG", args, as)
+      end
+
+      def extract_epoch(arel_attribute)
+        Arel.sql(%Q{EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM "#{arel_attribute.relation.name}"."#{arel_attribute.name}")})
+      end
+
+      # Need to cast '0' to an INTERVAL before we can check if the interval is positive
+      def zero_interval
+        Arel::Nodes::NamedFunction.new("CAST", [Arel.sql("'0' AS INTERVAL")])
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/factories/deployments.rb

@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ FactoryGirl.define do
     sha '97de212e80737a608d939f648d959671fb0a0142'
     ref 'master'
     tag false
+    project nil
 
     environment factory: :environment
 
     after(:build) do |deployment, evaluator|
-      deployment.project = deployment.environment.project
+      deployment.project ||= deployment.environment.project
     end
   end
 end

spec/models/ci/pipeline_spec.rb

@@ -187,6 +187,37 @@ describe Ci::Pipeline, models: true do
       end
     end
 
+    describe "merge request metrics" do
+      let(:project) { FactoryGirl.create :project }
+      let(:pipeline) { FactoryGirl.create(:ci_empty_pipeline, status: 'created', project: project, ref: 'master', sha: project.repository.commit('master').id) }
+      let!(:merge_request) { create(:merge_request, source_project: project, source_branch: pipeline.ref) }
+
+      context 'when transitioning to running' do
+        it 'records the build start time' do
+          time = Time.now
+          Timecop.freeze(time) { build.run }
+
+          expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.latest_build_started_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+        end
+
+        it 'clears the build end time' do
+          build.run
+
+          expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.latest_build_finished_at).to be_nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when transitioning to success' do
+        it 'records the build end time' do
+          build.run
+          time = Time.now
+          Timecop.freeze(time) { build.success }
+
+          expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.latest_build_finished_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     def create_build(name, queued_at = current, started_from = 0)
       create(:ci_build,
              name: name,
@@ -468,4 +499,28 @@ describe Ci::Pipeline, models: true do
              stage_idx: stage_idx)
     end
   end
+
+  describe "#merge_requests" do
+    let(:project) { FactoryGirl.create :project }
+    let(:pipeline) { FactoryGirl.create(:ci_empty_pipeline, status: 'created', project: project, ref: 'master', sha: project.repository.commit('master').id) }
+
+    it "returns merge requests whose `diff_head_sha` matches the pipeline's SHA" do
+      merge_request = create(:merge_request, source_project: project, source_branch: pipeline.ref)
+
+      expect(pipeline.merge_requests).to eq([merge_request])
+    end
+
+    it "doesn't return merge requests whose source branch doesn't match the pipeline's ref" do
+      create(:merge_request, source_project: project, source_branch: 'feature', target_branch: 'master')
+
+      expect(pipeline.merge_requests).to be_empty
+    end
+
+    it "doesn't return merge requests whose `diff_head_sha` doesn't match the pipeline's SHA" do
+      create(:merge_request, source_project: project, source_branch: pipeline.ref)
+      allow_any_instance_of(MergeRequest).to receive(:diff_head_sha) { '97de212e80737a608d939f648d959671fb0a0142b' }
+
+      expect(pipeline.merge_requests).to be_empty
+    end
+  end
 end

spec/models/cycle_analytics/code_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe 'CycleAnalytics#code', feature: true do
+  extend CycleAnalyticsHelpers::TestGeneration
+
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+  let(:from_date) { 10.days.ago }
+  let(:user) { create(:user, :admin) }
+  subject { CycleAnalytics.new(project, from: from_date) }
+
+  generate_cycle_analytics_spec(
+    phase: :code,
+    data_fn: -> (context) { { issue: context.create(:issue, project: context.project) } },
+    start_time_conditions: [["issue mentioned in a commit",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               context.create_commit_referencing_issue(data[:issue])
+                             end]],
+    end_time_conditions:   [["merge request that closes issue is created",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               context.create_merge_request_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+                             end]],
+    post_fn: -> (context, data) do
+      context.merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+      context.deploy_master
+    end)
+
+  context "when a regular merge request (that doesn't close the issue) is created" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        issue = create(:issue, project: project)
+
+        create_commit_referencing_issue(issue)
+        create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue, message: "Closes nothing")
+
+        merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(issue)
+        deploy_master
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.code).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/cycle_analytics/issue_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe 'CycleAnalytics#issue', models: true do
+  extend CycleAnalyticsHelpers::TestGeneration
+
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+  let(:from_date) { 10.days.ago }
+  let(:user) { create(:user, :admin) }
+  subject { CycleAnalytics.new(project, from: from_date) }
+
+  generate_cycle_analytics_spec(
+    phase: :issue,
+    data_fn: -> (context) { { issue: context.build(:issue, project: context.project) } },
+    start_time_conditions: [["issue created", -> (context, data) { data[:issue].save }]],
+    end_time_conditions:   [["issue associated with a milestone",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               if data[:issue].persisted?
+                                 data[:issue].update(milestone: context.create(:milestone, project: context.project))
+                               end
+                             end],
+                            ["list label added to issue",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               if data[:issue].persisted?
+                                 data[:issue].update(label_ids: [context.create(:label, lists: [context.create(:list)]).id])
+                               end
+                             end]],
+    post_fn: -> (context, data) do
+      if data[:issue].persisted?
+        context.create_merge_request_closing_issue(data[:issue].reload)
+        context.merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+        context.deploy_master
+      end
+    end)
+
+  context "when a regular label (instead of a list label) is added to the issue" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        regular_label = create(:label)
+        issue = create(:issue, project: project)
+        issue.update(label_ids: [regular_label.id])
+
+        create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue)
+        merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(issue)
+        deploy_master
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.issue).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/cycle_analytics/plan_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe 'CycleAnalytics#plan', feature: true do
+  extend CycleAnalyticsHelpers::TestGeneration
+
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+  let(:from_date) { 10.days.ago }
+  let(:user) { create(:user, :admin) }
+  subject { CycleAnalytics.new(project, from: from_date) }
+
+  generate_cycle_analytics_spec(
+    phase: :plan,
+    data_fn: -> (context) do
+      {
+        issue: context.create(:issue, project: context.project),
+        branch_name: context.random_git_name
+      }
+    end,
+    start_time_conditions: [["issue associated with a milestone",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               data[:issue].update(milestone: context.create(:milestone, project: context.project))
+                             end],
+                            ["list label added to issue",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               data[:issue].update(label_ids: [context.create(:label, lists: [context.create(:list)]).id])
+                             end]],
+    end_time_conditions:   [["issue mentioned in a commit",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               context.create_commit_referencing_issue(data[:issue], branch_name: data[:branch_name])
+                             end]],
+    post_fn: -> (context, data) do
+      context.create_merge_request_closing_issue(data[:issue], source_branch: data[:branch_name])
+      context.merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+      context.deploy_master
+    end)
+
+  context "when a regular label (instead of a list label) is added to the issue" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      branch_name = random_git_name
+      label = create(:label)
+      issue = create(:issue, project: project)
+      issue.update(label_ids: [label.id])
+      create_commit_referencing_issue(issue, branch_name: branch_name)
+
+      create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue, source_branch: branch_name)
+      merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(issue)
+      deploy_master
+
+      expect(subject.issue).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/cycle_analytics/production_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe 'CycleAnalytics#production', feature: true do
+  extend CycleAnalyticsHelpers::TestGeneration
+
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+  let(:from_date) { 10.days.ago }
+  let(:user) { create(:user, :admin) }
+  subject { CycleAnalytics.new(project, from: from_date) }
+
+  generate_cycle_analytics_spec(
+    phase: :production,
+    data_fn: -> (context) { { issue: context.build(:issue, project: context.project) } },
+    start_time_conditions: [["issue is created", -> (context, data) { data[:issue].save }]],
+    before_end_fn: lambda do |context, data|
+      context.create_merge_request_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+      context.merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+    end,
+    end_time_conditions:
+      [["merge request that closes issue is deployed to production", -> (context, data) { context.deploy_master }],
+       ["production deploy happens after merge request is merged (along with other changes)",
+        lambda do |context, data|
+          # Make other changes on master
+          sha = context.project.repository.commit_file(context.user, context.random_git_name, "content", "commit message", 'master', false)
+          context.project.repository.commit(sha)
+
+          context.deploy_master
+        end]])
+
+  context "when a regular merge request (that doesn't close the issue) is merged and deployed" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        merge_request = create(:merge_request)
+        MergeRequests::MergeService.new(project, user).execute(merge_request)
+        deploy_master
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.production).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "when the deployment happens to a non-production environment" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        issue = create(:issue, project: project)
+        merge_request = create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue)
+        MergeRequests::MergeService.new(project, user).execute(merge_request)
+        deploy_master(environment: 'staging')
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.production).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/cycle_analytics/review_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe 'CycleAnalytics#review', feature: true do
+  extend CycleAnalyticsHelpers::TestGeneration
+
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+  let(:from_date) { 10.days.ago }
+  let(:user) { create(:user, :admin) }
+  subject { CycleAnalytics.new(project, from: from_date) }
+
+  generate_cycle_analytics_spec(
+    phase: :review,
+    data_fn: -> (context) { { issue: context.create(:issue, project: context.project) } },
+    start_time_conditions: [["merge request that closes issue is created",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               context.create_merge_request_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+                             end]],
+    end_time_conditions:   [["merge request that closes issue is merged",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               context.merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+                             end]],
+    post_fn: -> (context, data) { context.deploy_master })
+
+  context "when a regular merge request (that doesn't close the issue) is created and merged" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        MergeRequests::MergeService.new(project, user).execute(create(:merge_request))
+
+        deploy_master
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.review).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/cycle_analytics/staging_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe 'CycleAnalytics#staging', feature: true do
+  extend CycleAnalyticsHelpers::TestGeneration
+
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+  let(:from_date) { 10.days.ago }
+  let(:user) { create(:user, :admin) }
+  subject { CycleAnalytics.new(project, from: from_date) }
+
+  generate_cycle_analytics_spec(
+    phase: :staging,
+    data_fn: lambda do |context|
+      issue = context.create(:issue, project: context.project)
+      { issue: issue, merge_request: context.create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue) }
+    end,
+    start_time_conditions: [["merge request that closes issue is merged",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               context.merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+                             end ]],
+    end_time_conditions:   [["merge request that closes issue is deployed to production",
+                             -> (context, data) do
+                               context.deploy_master
+                             end],
+                            ["production deploy happens after merge request is merged (along with other changes)",
+                             lambda do |context, data|
+                               # Make other changes on master
+                               sha = context.project.repository.commit_file(
+                                 context.user,
+                                 context.random_git_name,
+                                 "content",
+                                 "commit message",
+                                 'master',
+                                 false)
+                               context.project.repository.commit(sha)
+
+                               context.deploy_master
+                             end]])
+
+  context "when a regular merge request (that doesn't close the issue) is merged and deployed" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        merge_request = create(:merge_request)
+        MergeRequests::MergeService.new(project, user).execute(merge_request)
+        deploy_master
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.staging).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "when the deployment happens to a non-production environment" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        issue = create(:issue, project: project)
+        merge_request = create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue)
+        MergeRequests::MergeService.new(project, user).execute(merge_request)
+        deploy_master(environment: 'staging')
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.staging).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/cycle_analytics/summary_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe CycleAnalytics::Summary, models: true do
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+  let(:from) { Time.now }
+  let(:user) { create(:user, :admin) }
+  subject { described_class.new(project, from: from) }
+
+  describe "#new_issues" do
+    it "finds the number of issues created after the 'from date'" do
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.ago) { create(:issue, project: project) }
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.from_now) { create(:issue, project: project) }
+
+      expect(subject.new_issues).to eq(1)
+    end
+
+    it "doesn't find issues from other projects" do
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.from_now) { create(:issue, project: create(:project)) }
+
+      expect(subject.new_issues).to eq(0)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#commits" do
+    it "finds the number of commits created after the 'from date'" do
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.ago) { create_commit("Test message", project, user, 'master') }
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.from_now) { create_commit("Test message", project, user, 'master') }
+
+      expect(subject.commits).to eq(1)
+    end
+
+    it "doesn't find commits from other projects" do
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.from_now) { create_commit("Test message", create(:project), user, 'master') }
+
+      expect(subject.commits).to eq(0)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#deploys" do
+    it "finds the number of deploys made created after the 'from date'" do
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.ago) { create(:deployment, project: project) }
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.from_now) { create(:deployment, project: project) }
+
+      expect(subject.deploys).to eq(1)
+    end
+
+    it "doesn't find commits from other projects" do
+      Timecop.freeze(5.days.from_now) { create(:deployment, project: create(:project)) }
+
+      expect(subject.deploys).to eq(0)
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/cycle_analytics/test_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe 'CycleAnalytics#test', feature: true do
+  extend CycleAnalyticsHelpers::TestGeneration
+
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+  let(:from_date) { 10.days.ago }
+  let(:user) { create(:user, :admin) }
+  subject { CycleAnalytics.new(project, from: from_date) }
+
+  generate_cycle_analytics_spec(
+    phase: :test,
+    data_fn: lambda do |context|
+      issue = context.create(:issue, project: context.project)
+      merge_request = context.create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue)
+      pipeline = context.create(:ci_pipeline, ref: merge_request.source_branch, sha: merge_request.diff_head_sha, project: context.project)
+      { pipeline: pipeline, issue: issue }
+    end,
+    start_time_conditions: [["pipeline is started", -> (context, data) { data[:pipeline].run! }]],
+    end_time_conditions:   [["pipeline is finished", -> (context, data) { data[:pipeline].succeed! }]],
+    post_fn: -> (context, data) do
+      context.merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(data[:issue])
+      context.deploy_master
+    end)
+
+  context "when the pipeline is for a regular merge request (that doesn't close an issue)" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        issue = create(:issue, project: project)
+        merge_request = create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue)
+        pipeline = create(:ci_pipeline, ref: "refs/heads/#{merge_request.source_branch}", sha: merge_request.diff_head_sha)
+
+        pipeline.run!
+        pipeline.succeed!
+
+        merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(issue)
+        deploy_master
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.test).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "when the pipeline is not for a merge request" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        pipeline = create(:ci_pipeline, ref: "refs/heads/master", sha: project.repository.commit('master').sha)
+
+        pipeline.run!
+        pipeline.succeed!
+
+        deploy_master
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.test).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "when the pipeline is dropped (failed)" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        issue = create(:issue, project: project)
+        merge_request = create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue)
+        pipeline = create(:ci_pipeline, ref: "refs/heads/#{merge_request.source_branch}", sha: merge_request.diff_head_sha)
+
+        pipeline.run!
+        pipeline.drop!
+
+        merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(issue)
+        deploy_master
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.test).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "when the pipeline is cancelled" do
+    it "returns nil" do
+      5.times do
+        issue = create(:issue, project: project)
+        merge_request = create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue)
+        pipeline = create(:ci_pipeline, ref: "refs/heads/#{merge_request.source_branch}", sha: merge_request.diff_head_sha)
+
+        pipeline.run!
+        pipeline.cancel!
+
+        merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(issue)
+        deploy_master
+      end
+
+      expect(subject.test).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/issue/metrics_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Issue::Metrics, models: true do
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+
+  subject { create(:issue, project: project) }
+
+  describe "when recording the default set of issue metrics on issue save" do
+    context "milestones" do
+      it "records the first time an issue is associated with a milestone" do
+        time = Time.now
+        Timecop.freeze(time) { subject.update(milestone: create(:milestone)) }
+        metrics = subject.metrics
+
+        expect(metrics).to be_present
+        expect(metrics.first_associated_with_milestone_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+      end
+
+      it "does not record the second time an issue is associated with a milestone" do
+        time = Time.now
+        Timecop.freeze(time) { subject.update(milestone: create(:milestone)) }
+        Timecop.freeze(time + 2.hours) { subject.update(milestone: nil) }
+        Timecop.freeze(time + 6.hours) { subject.update(milestone: create(:milestone)) }
+        metrics = subject.metrics
+
+        expect(metrics).to be_present
+        expect(metrics.first_associated_with_milestone_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "list labels" do
+      it "records the first time an issue is associated with a list label" do
+        list_label = create(:label, lists: [create(:list)])
+        time = Time.now
+        Timecop.freeze(time) { subject.update(label_ids: [list_label.id]) }
+        metrics = subject.metrics
+
+        expect(metrics).to be_present
+        expect(metrics.first_added_to_board_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+      end
+
+      it "does not record the second time an issue is associated with a list label" do
+        time = Time.now
+        first_list_label = create(:label, lists: [create(:list)])
+        Timecop.freeze(time) { subject.update(label_ids: [first_list_label.id]) }
+        second_list_label = create(:label, lists: [create(:list)])
+        Timecop.freeze(time + 5.hours) { subject.update(label_ids: [second_list_label.id]) }
+        metrics = subject.metrics
+
+        expect(metrics).to be_present
+        expect(metrics.first_added_to_board_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/models/merge_request/metrics_spec.rb

+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe MergeRequest::Metrics, models: true do
+  let(:project) { create(:project) }
+
+  subject { create(:merge_request, source_project: project) }
+
+  describe "when recording the default set of metrics on merge request save" do
+    it "records the merge time" do
+      time = Time.now
+      Timecop.freeze(time) { subject.mark_as_merged }
+      metrics = subject.metrics
+
+      expect(metrics).to be_present
+      expect(metrics.merged_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/services/create_deployment_service_spec.rb

@@ -169,4 +169,83 @@ describe CreateDeploymentService, services: true do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe "merge request metrics" do
+    let(:params) do
+      {
+        environment: 'production',
+        ref: 'master',
+        tag: false,
+        sha: '97de212e80737a608d939f648d959671fb0a0142b',
+      }
+    end
+
+    let(:merge_request) { create(:merge_request, target_branch: 'master', source_branch: 'feature', source_project: project) }
+
+    context "while updating the 'first_deployed_to_production_at' time" do
+      before { merge_request.mark_as_merged }
+
+      context "for merge requests merged before the current deploy" do
+        it "sets the time if the deploy's environment is 'production'" do
+          time = Time.now
+          Timecop.freeze(time) { service.execute }
+
+          expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.first_deployed_to_production_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+        end
+
+        it "doesn't set the time if the deploy's environment is not 'production'" do
+          staging_params = params.merge(environment: 'staging')
+          service = described_class.new(project, user, staging_params)
+          service.execute
+
+          expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.first_deployed_to_production_at).to be_nil
+        end
+
+        it 'does not raise errors if the merge request does not have a metrics record' do
+          merge_request.metrics.destroy
+
+          expect(merge_request.reload.metrics).to be_nil
+          expect { service.execute }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "for merge requests merged before the previous deploy" do
+        context "if the 'first_deployed_to_production_at' time is already set" do
+          it "does not overwrite the older 'first_deployed_to_production_at' time" do
+            # Previous deploy
+            time = Time.now
+            Timecop.freeze(time) { service.execute }
+
+            expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.first_deployed_to_production_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+
+            # Current deploy
+            service = described_class.new(project, user, params)
+            Timecop.freeze(time + 12.hours) { service.execute }
+
+            expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.first_deployed_to_production_at).to be_within(1.second).of(time)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "if the 'first_deployed_to_production_at' time is not already set" do
+          it "does not overwrite the older 'first_deployed_to_production_at' time" do
+            # Previous deploy
+            time = 5.minutes.from_now
+            Timecop.freeze(time) { service.execute }
+
+            expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.merged_at).to be < merge_request.reload.metrics.first_deployed_to_production_at
+
+            merge_request.reload.metrics.update(first_deployed_to_production_at: nil)
+
+            expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.first_deployed_to_production_at).to be_nil
+
+            # Current deploy
+            service = described_class.new(project, user, params)
+            Timecop.freeze(time + 12.hours) { service.execute }
+
+            expect(merge_request.reload.metrics.first_deployed_to_production_at).to be_nil
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end

spec/services/git_push_service_spec.rb

@@ -339,6 +339,43 @@ describe GitPushService, services: true do
     end
   end
 
+  describe "issue metrics" do
+    let(:issue) { create :issue, project: project }
+    let(:commit_author) { create :user }
+    let(:commit) { project.commit }
+    let(:commit_time) { Time.now }
+
+    before do
+      project.team << [commit_author, :developer]
+      project.team << [user, :developer]
+
+      allow(commit).to receive_messages(
+        safe_message: "this commit \n mentions #{issue.to_reference}",
+        references: [issue],
+        author_name: commit_author.name,
+        author_email: commit_author.email,
+        committed_date: commit_time
+      )
+
+      allow(project.repository).to receive(:commits_between).and_return([commit])
+    end
+
+    context "while saving the 'first_mentioned_in_commit_at' metric for an issue" do
+      it 'sets the metric for referenced issues' do
+        execute_service(project, user, @oldrev, @newrev, @ref)
+
+        expect(issue.reload.metrics.first_mentioned_in_commit_at).to be_within(1.second).of(commit_time)
+      end
+
+      it 'does not set the metric for non-referenced issues' do
+        non_referenced_issue = create(:issue, project: project)
+        execute_service(project, user, @oldrev, @newrev, @ref)
+
+        expect(non_referenced_issue.reload.metrics.first_mentioned_in_commit_at).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   describe "closing issues from pushed commits containing a closing reference" do
     let(:issue) { create :issue, project: project }
     let(:other_issue) { create :issue, project: project }

spec/services/merge_requests/create_service_spec.rb

@@ -83,5 +83,34 @@ describe MergeRequests::CreateService, services: true do
         }
       end
     end
+
+    context 'while saving references to issues that the created merge request closes' do
+      let(:first_issue) { create(:issue, project: project) }
+      let(:second_issue) { create(:issue, project: project) }
+
+      let(:opts) do
+        {
+          title: 'Awesome merge_request',
+          source_branch: 'feature',
+          target_branch: 'master',
+          force_remove_source_branch: '1'
+        }
+      end
+
+      before do
+        project.team << [user, :master]
+        project.team << [assignee, :developer]
+      end
+
+      it 'creates a `MergeRequestsClosingIssues` record for each issue' do
+        issue_closing_opts = opts.merge(description: "Closes #{first_issue.to_reference} and #{second_issue.to_reference}")
+        service = described_class.new(project, user, issue_closing_opts)
+        allow(service).to receive(:execute_hooks)
+        merge_request = service.execute
+
+        issue_ids = MergeRequestsClosingIssues.where(merge_request: merge_request).pluck(:issue_id)
+        expect(issue_ids).to match_array([first_issue.id, second_issue.id])
+      end
+    end
   end
 end

spec/services/merge_requests/refresh_service_spec.rb

@@ -174,6 +174,58 @@ describe MergeRequests::RefreshService, services: true do
       end
     end
 
+    context 'merge request metrics' do
+      let(:issue) { create :issue, project: @project }
+      let(:commit_author) { create :user }
+      let(:commit) { project.commit }
+
+      before do
+        project.team << [commit_author, :developer]
+        project.team << [user, :developer]
+
+        allow(commit).to receive_messages(
+          safe_message: "Closes #{issue.to_reference}",
+          references: [issue],
+          author_name: commit_author.name,
+          author_email: commit_author.email,
+          committed_date: Time.now
+        )
+
+        allow_any_instance_of(MergeRequest).to receive(:commits).and_return([commit])
+      end
+
+      context 'when the merge request is sourced from the same project' do
+        it 'creates a `MergeRequestsClosingIssues` record for each issue closed by a commit' do
+          merge_request = create(:merge_request, target_branch: 'master', source_branch: 'feature', source_project: @project)
+          refresh_service = service.new(@project, @user)
+          allow(refresh_service).to receive(:execute_hooks)
+          refresh_service.execute(@oldrev, @newrev, 'refs/heads/feature')
+
+          issue_ids = MergeRequestsClosingIssues.where(merge_request: merge_request).pluck(:issue_id)
+          expect(issue_ids).to eq([issue.id])
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when the merge request is sourced from a different project' do
+        it 'creates a `MergeRequestsClosingIssues` record for each issue closed by a commit' do
+          forked_project = create(:project)
+          create(:forked_project_link, forked_to_project: forked_project, forked_from_project: @project)
+
+          merge_request = create(:merge_request,
+                                 target_branch: 'master',
+                                 source_branch: 'feature',
+                                 target_project: @project,
+                                 source_project: forked_project)
+          refresh_service = service.new(@project, @user)
+          allow(refresh_service).to receive(:execute_hooks)
+          refresh_service.execute(@oldrev, @newrev, 'refs/heads/feature')
+
+          issue_ids = MergeRequestsClosingIssues.where(merge_request: merge_request).pluck(:issue_id)
+          expect(issue_ids).to eq([issue.id])
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     def reload_mrs
       @merge_request.reload
       @fork_merge_request.reload

spec/services/merge_requests/update_service_spec.rb

@@ -263,5 +263,42 @@ describe MergeRequests::UpdateService, services: true do
         end
       end
     end
+
+    context 'while saving references to issues that the updated merge request closes' do
+      let(:first_issue) { create(:issue, project: project) }
+      let(:second_issue) { create(:issue, project: project) }
+
+      it 'creates a `MergeRequestsClosingIssues` record for each issue' do
+        issue_closing_opts = { description: "Closes #{first_issue.to_reference} and #{second_issue.to_reference}" }
+        service = described_class.new(project, user, issue_closing_opts)
+        allow(service).to receive(:execute_hooks)
+        service.execute(merge_request)
+
+        issue_ids = MergeRequestsClosingIssues.where(merge_request: merge_request).pluck(:issue_id)
+        expect(issue_ids).to match_array([first_issue.id, second_issue.id])
+      end
+
+      it 'removes `MergeRequestsClosingIssues` records when issues are not closed anymore' do
+        opts = {
+          title: 'Awesome merge_request',
+          description: "Closes #{first_issue.to_reference} and #{second_issue.to_reference}",
+          source_branch: 'feature',
+          target_branch: 'master',
+          force_remove_source_branch: '1'
+        }
+
+        merge_request = MergeRequests::CreateService.new(project, user, opts).execute
+
+        issue_ids = MergeRequestsClosingIssues.where(merge_request: merge_request).pluck(:issue_id)
+        expect(issue_ids).to match_array([first_issue.id, second_issue.id])
+
+        service = described_class.new(project, user, description: "not closing any issues")
+        allow(service).to receive(:execute_hooks)
+        service.execute(merge_request.reload)
+
+        issue_ids = MergeRequestsClosingIssues.where(merge_request: merge_request).pluck(:issue_id)
+        expect(issue_ids).to be_empty
+      end
+    end
   end
 end

spec/services/notification_service_spec.rb

@@ -379,6 +379,7 @@ describe NotificationService, services: true do
       it "emails subscribers of the issue's labels" do
         subscriber = create(:user)
         label = create(:label, issues: [issue])
+        issue.reload
         label.toggle_subscription(subscriber)
         notification.new_issue(issue, @u_disabled)
 
@@ -399,6 +400,7 @@ describe NotificationService, services: true do
           project.team << [guest, :guest]
 
           label = create(:label, issues: [confidential_issue])
+          confidential_issue.reload
           label.toggle_subscription(non_member)
           label.toggle_subscription(author)
           label.toggle_subscription(assignee)

spec/support/cycle_analytics_helpers.rb

+module CycleAnalyticsHelpers
+  def create_commit_referencing_issue(issue, branch_name: random_git_name)
+    project.repository.add_branch(user, branch_name, 'master')
+    create_commit("Commit for ##{issue.iid}", issue.project, user, branch_name)
+  end
+
+  def create_commit(message, project, user, branch_name)
+    filename = random_git_name
+    oldrev = project.repository.commit(branch_name).sha
+
+    options = {
+      committer: project.repository.user_to_committer(user),
+      author: project.repository.user_to_committer(user),
+      commit: { message: message, branch: branch_name, update_ref: true },
+      file: { content: "content", path: filename, update: false }
+    }
+
+    commit_sha = Gitlab::Git::Blob.commit(project.repository, options)
+    project.repository.commit(commit_sha)
+
+    GitPushService.new(project,
+                       user,
+                       oldrev: oldrev,
+                       newrev: commit_sha,
+                       ref: 'refs/heads/master').execute
+  end
+
+  def create_merge_request_closing_issue(issue, message: nil, source_branch: nil)
+    if !source_branch || project.repository.commit(source_branch).blank?
+      source_branch = random_git_name
+      project.repository.add_branch(user, source_branch, 'master')
+    end
+
+    sha = project.repository.commit_file(user, random_git_name, "content", "commit message", source_branch, false)
+    project.repository.commit(sha)
+
+    opts = {
+      title: 'Awesome merge_request',
+      description: message || "Fixes #{issue.to_reference}",
+      source_branch: source_branch,
+      target_branch: 'master'
+    }
+
+    MergeRequests::CreateService.new(project, user, opts).execute
+  end
+
+  def merge_merge_requests_closing_issue(issue)
+    merge_requests = issue.closed_by_merge_requests
+    merge_requests.each { |merge_request| MergeRequests::MergeService.new(project, user).execute(merge_request) }
+  end
+
+  def deploy_master(environment: 'production')
+    CreateDeploymentService.new(project, user, {
+                                  environment: environment,
+                                  ref: 'master',
+                                  tag: false,
+                                  sha: project.repository.commit('master').sha
+                                }).execute
+  end
+end
+
+RSpec.configure do |config|
+  config.include CycleAnalyticsHelpers
+end

spec/support/cycle_analytics_helpers/test_generation.rb

+# rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
+
+# Note: The ABC size is large here because we have a method generating test cases with
+#       multiple nested contexts. This shouldn't count as a violation.
+
+module CycleAnalyticsHelpers
+  module TestGeneration
+    # Generate the most common set of specs that all cycle analytics phases need to have.
+    #
+    # Arguments:
+    #
+    #                  phase: Which phase are we testing? Will call `CycleAnalytics.new.send(phase)` for the final assertion
+    #                data_fn: A function that returns a hash, constituting initial data for the test case
+    #  start_time_conditions: An array of `conditions`. Each condition is an tuple of `condition_name` and `condition_fn`. `condition_fn` is called with
+    #                         `context` (no lexical scope, so need to do `context.create` for factories, for example) and `data` (from the `data_fn`).
+    #                         Each `condition_fn` is expected to implement a case which consitutes the start of the given cycle analytics phase.
+    #    end_time_conditions: An array of `conditions`. Each condition is an tuple of `condition_name` and `condition_fn`. `condition_fn` is called with
+    #                         `context` (no lexical scope, so need to do `context.create` for factories, for example) and `data` (from the `data_fn`).
+    #                         Each `condition_fn` is expected to implement a case which consitutes the end of the given cycle analytics phase.
+    #          before_end_fn: This function is run before calling the end time conditions. Used for setup that needs to be run between the start and end conditions.
+    #                post_fn: Code that needs to be run after running the end time conditions.
+
+    def generate_cycle_analytics_spec(phase:, data_fn:, start_time_conditions:, end_time_conditions:, before_end_fn: nil, post_fn: nil)
+      combinations_of_start_time_conditions = (1..start_time_conditions.size).flat_map { |size| start_time_conditions.combination(size).to_a }
+      combinations_of_end_time_conditions = (1..end_time_conditions.size).flat_map { |size| end_time_conditions.combination(size).to_a }
+
+      scenarios = combinations_of_start_time_conditions.product(combinations_of_end_time_conditions)
+      scenarios.each do |start_time_conditions, end_time_conditions|
+        context "start condition: #{start_time_conditions.map(&:first).to_sentence}" do
+          context "end condition: #{end_time_conditions.map(&:first).to_sentence}" do
+            it "finds the median of available durations between the two conditions" do
+              time_differences = Array.new(5) do |index|
+                data = data_fn[self]
+                start_time = (index * 10).days.from_now
+                end_time = start_time + rand(1..5).days
+
+                start_time_conditions.each do |condition_name, condition_fn|
+                  Timecop.freeze(start_time) { condition_fn[self, data] }
+                end
+
+                # Run `before_end_fn` at the midpoint between `start_time` and `end_time`
+                Timecop.freeze(start_time + (end_time - start_time) / 2) { before_end_fn[self, data] } if before_end_fn
+
+                end_time_conditions.each do |condition_name, condition_fn|
+                  Timecop.freeze(end_time) { condition_fn[self, data] }
+                end
+
+                Timecop.freeze(end_time + 1.day) { post_fn[self, data] } if post_fn
+
+                end_time - start_time
+              end
+
+              median_time_difference = time_differences.sort[2]
+              expect(subject.send(phase)).to be_within(5).of(median_time_difference)
+            end
+
+            context "when the data belongs to another project" do
+              let(:other_project) { create(:project) }
+
+              it "returns nil" do
+                # Use a stub to "trick" the data/condition functions
+                # into using another project. This saves us from having to
+                # define separate data/condition functions for this particular
+                # test case.
+                allow(self).to receive(:project) { other_project }
+
+                5.times do
+                  data = data_fn[self]
+                  start_time = Time.now
+                  end_time = rand(1..10).days.from_now
+
+                  start_time_conditions.each do |condition_name, condition_fn|
+                    Timecop.freeze(start_time) { condition_fn[self, data] }
+                  end
+
+                  end_time_conditions.each do |condition_name, condition_fn|
+                    Timecop.freeze(end_time) { condition_fn[self, data] }
+                  end
+
+                  Timecop.freeze(end_time + 1.day) { post_fn[self, data] } if post_fn
+                end
+
+                # Turn off the stub before checking assertions
+                allow(self).to receive(:project).and_call_original
+
+                expect(subject.send(phase)).to be_nil
+              end
+            end
+
+            context "when the end condition happens before the start condition" do
+              it 'returns nil' do
+                data = data_fn[self]
+                start_time = Time.now
+                end_time = start_time + rand(1..5).days
+
+                # Run `before_end_fn` at the midpoint between `start_time` and `end_time`
+                Timecop.freeze(start_time + (end_time - start_time) / 2) { before_end_fn[self, data] } if before_end_fn
+
+                end_time_conditions.each do |condition_name, condition_fn|
+                  Timecop.freeze(start_time) { condition_fn[self, data] }
+                end
+
+                start_time_conditions.each do |condition_name, condition_fn|
+                  Timecop.freeze(end_time) { condition_fn[self, data] }
+                end
+
+                Timecop.freeze(end_time + 1.day) { post_fn[self, data] } if post_fn
+
+                expect(subject.send(phase)).to be_nil
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "start condition NOT PRESENT: #{start_time_conditions.map(&:first).to_sentence}" do
+          context "end condition: #{end_time_conditions.map(&:first).to_sentence}" do
+            it "returns nil" do
+              5.times do
+                data = data_fn[self]
+                end_time = rand(1..10).days.from_now
+
+                end_time_conditions.each_with_index do |(condition_name, condition_fn), index|
+                  Timecop.freeze(end_time + index.days) { condition_fn[self, data] }
+                end
+
+                Timecop.freeze(end_time + 1.day) { post_fn[self, data] } if post_fn
+              end
+
+              expect(subject.send(phase)).to be_nil
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "start condition: #{start_time_conditions.map(&:first).to_sentence}" do
+          context "end condition NOT PRESENT: #{end_time_conditions.map(&:first).to_sentence}" do
+            it "returns nil" do
+              5.times do
+                data = data_fn[self]
+                start_time = Time.now
+
+                start_time_conditions.each do |condition_name, condition_fn|
+                  Timecop.freeze(start_time) { condition_fn[self, data] }
+                end
+
+                post_fn[self, data] if post_fn
+              end
+
+              expect(subject.send(phase)).to be_nil
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when none of the start / end conditions are matched" do
+        it "returns nil" do
+          expect(subject.send(phase)).to be_nil
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

spec/support/git_helpers.rb

+module GitHelpers
+  def random_git_name
+    "#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{FFaker::Product.brand}-#{rand(1000)}"
+  end
+end
+
+RSpec.configure do |config|
+  config.include GitHelpers
+end