Add fog-rackspace microgem to support backups using rackspace provider

## What does this MR do?

Adds fog-rackspace gem to Gemfile.

## Why was this MR needed?

Because fog moved the rackspace provider to separate gem.

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

#19197

See merge request !4986

Use update_columns to by_pass all the dirty code on active_record

See merge request !4985

We think this is valid because we’re just storing new data that always will be valid

Reduce overhead and optimize ProjectTeam#max_member_access performance

See merge request !4973

The previous implementation would load the entire team member list and their
respective attributes. Now we only search for the user's specific
access level.

In gitlab-com/operations#42, this reduces the overall overhead of rendering
the issue from 28% to 20%.

First step of optimizing #19273

PipelinesFinder use git cached data

See merge request !4984

Fixes missing avatar on system notes

Closes #17295


![Screen_Shot_2016-06-27_at_12.50.50_PM](/uploads/b142226e608ccfe751a9b6059f57c9ec/Screen_Shot_2016-06-27_at_12.50.50_PM.jpg)

See merge request !4954

Markdown toolbar inserts code blocks

## What does this MR do?

Adds the ability to insert code blocks with the markdown toolbar buttons. This is done by selecting the block & then clicking the code button.

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes #19173 


See merge request !4950

Fixed avatar alignment in new MR view

## What does this MR do?

Fixes the alignment of the avatar in new MR view.
Closes #19076 

## Screenshots (if relevant)

![Screen_Shot_2016-06-24_at_12.53.58](/uploads/fc94faf2e48f194852693b7ae79e8fa3/Screen_Shot_2016-06-24_at_12.53.58.png)

See merge request !4901

Workhorse to serve email diffs

See merge request !4590

Show basic system info on admin panel. Closes #18886

![Screen_Shot_2016-06-23_at_10.57.07_AM](/uploads/df33bc3dc36ceaf86f5e479ca15b83f3/Screen_Shot_2016-06-23_at_10.57.07_AM.png)

See merge request !4858

Fix group visibility form layout in application settings

## What does this MR do?

This fixes UI consistency related to setting group visibility levels in application settings. See screenshots.

## Screenshots (if relevant)

#### Before

![visiblity_consistency](/uploads/9cf9b517e25cd661ac61bdd7ca2d82f4/visiblity_consistency.png)

#### After

![group_visibility_after](/uploads/7b317684d047716f2aa5e60d19a4281b/group_visibility_after.png)

See merge request !4848

Closes #18949

Fixed dropdown not filtering queries entered before data is loaded

## What does this MR do?

Triggers a 'keyup' event on a filters input to force it to process any text that was added before the data was retrieved and rendered.

## Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?

😕 

## Why was this MR needed?

UX

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes #18942.

## Screenshots (if relevant)

## Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

- [ ] [CHANGELOG](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CHANGELOG) entry added
- [ ] [Documentation created/updated](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/doc/development/doc_styleguide.md)
- [ ] API support added
- Tests
  - [ ] Added for this feature/bug
  - [ ] All builds are passing
- [x] Conform by the [style guides](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#style-guides)
- [x] Branch has no merge conflicts with `master` (if you do - rebase it please)
- [x] [Squashed related commits together](https://git-scm.com/book/en/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History#Squashing-Commits)

See merge request !4846

[ci skip]

Fix CHANGELOG

Fixes double header for 8.9.3 entries

See merge request !4971

Find all builds for commit if there are multiple pipelines for it

## What does this MR do?

This MR fixes a builds API. When multiple pipelines were triggered for a commit, then API returned builds only from the last pipeline.

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes #18912  
Closes #19243 

## Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

- [x] [CHANGELOG](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CHANGELOG) entry added
- [x] [Documentation created/updated](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/doc/development/doc_styleguide.md)
- [x] API support added
- Tests
  - [x] Added for this feature/bug
  - [x] All builds are passing
- [x] Conform by the [style guides](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#style-guides)
- [x] Branch has no merge conflicts with `master` (if you do - rebase it please)
- [x] [Squashed related commits together](https://git-scm.com/book/en/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History#Squashing-Commits)

See merge request !4849

Use clock_gettime for all performance timestamps

This MR adjusts the performance monitoring code to use `Process.clock_gettime` (thus `clock_gettime(3)`) instead of `Time.now`.

Using `Time.now` / `Time.new` adds more overhead than `Process.clock_gettime`, it also doesn't provide a way of getting timestamps in nanoseconds (which `Process.clock_gettime` does allow).

See merge request !4899

Implement UI for new project page

## What does this MR do?

Updates the project creation page to conform with the latest UI updates.

## Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?

Ney.

## Why was this MR needed?

Updated UI.

## What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes #2542.

## Screenshots (if relevant)

**Desktop:**

![Screen_Shot_2016-06-18_at_04.00.48](/uploads/0313eee96a2aef9ed5e048989548b133/Screen_Shot_2016-06-18_at_04.00.48.png)

**Mobile:**

![Screen_Shot_2016-06-18_at_04.01.00](/uploads/505b110c3fcbf523aac08797db9f6781/Screen_Shot_2016-06-18_at_04.01.00.png)

See merge request !4766

Process.clock_gettime allows getting the real time in nanoseconds as
well as allowing one to get a monotonic timestamp. This offers greater
accuracy without the overhead of having to allocate a Time instance. In
general using Time.now/Time.new is about 2x slower than using
Process.clock_gettime(). For example:

    require 'benchmark/ips'

    Benchmark.ips do |bench|
      bench.report 'Time.now' do
        Time.now.to_f
      end

      bench.report 'clock_gettime' do
        Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC, :millisecond)
      end

      bench.compare!
    end

Running this benchmark gives:

    Calculating -------------------------------------
                Time.now   108.052k i/100ms
           clock_gettime   125.984k i/100ms
    -------------------------------------------------
                Time.now      2.343M (± 7.1%) i/s -     11.670M
           clock_gettime      4.979M (± 0.8%) i/s -     24.945M

    Comparison:
           clock_gettime:  4979393.8 i/s
                Time.now:  2342986.8 i/s - 2.13x slower

Another benefit of using Process.clock_gettime() is that we can simplify
the code a bit since it can give timestamps in nanoseconds out of the
box.

Unused gon variable with very bad performance

## What does this MR do?

Remove an unused variable with a lot of performance penalty. It was opening a transaction just to return a constant string.

## Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

- [x] [CHANGELOG](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CHANGELOG) entry added

See merge request !4969

In any case if just want the value which is always ‘gitlab’

require 'benchmark/ips'

Project.first # To load database things
GitlabIssueTrackerService.first # To load database things

Benchmark.ips do |x|
  x.config(:time => 5, :warmup => 2)

  x.report("current") do
    Project.new.default_issue_tracker.to_param
  end

  x.report("") do
    'gitlab'
  end

  x.compare!
end

Calculating -------------------------------------
             current     4.000  i/100ms
                        30.938k i/100ms
-------------------------------------------------
             current     47.298  (±10.6%) i/s -    232.000 
                          4.366M (±20.9%) i/s -     17.202M

Comparison:
                    :  4366456.0 i/s
             current:       47.3 i/s - 92318.26x slower

docs: fix default_branch_protection default



See merge request !4479

Switched mobile button icons to ellipsis and angle

## What does this MR do?
Switches the mobile button icons

## What are the relevant issue numbers?
Closes #19170   
Part of #19200 

## Screenshots (if relevant)
![Screen_Shot_2016-06-27_at_9.08.28_AM](/uploads/7784489402e342e671d02b24d2ea0d64/Screen_Shot_2016-06-27_at_9.08.28_AM.png)


See merge request !4944