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docs: s390: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst 

Convert all text files with s390 documentation to ReST format.

Tried to preserve as much as possible the original document
format. Still, some of the files required some work in order
for it to be visible on both plain text and after converted
to html.

The conversion is actually:
  - add blank lines and identation in order to identify paragraphs;
  - fix tables markups;
  - add some lists markups;
  - mark literal blocks;
  - adjust title markups.

At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to
the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+samsung@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarHeiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
parent dc3988f4
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Showing with 3118 additions and 1595 deletions
Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
View file @ 8b4a503d
......@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@
others).
ccw_timeout_log [S390]
See Documentation/s390/CommonIO for details.
See Documentation/s390/common_io.rst for details.
cgroup_disable= [KNL] Disable a particular controller
Format: {name of the controller(s) to disable}
......@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@
/selinux/checkreqprot.
cio_ignore= [S390]
See Documentation/s390/CommonIO for details.
See Documentation/s390/common_io.rst for details.
clk_ignore_unused
[CLK]
Prevents the clock framework from automatically gating
......
Documentation/driver-api/s390-drivers.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
......@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ not strictly considered I/O devices. They are considered here as well,
although they are not the focus of this document.
Some additional information can also be found in the kernel source under
Documentation/s390/driver-model.txt.
Documentation/s390/driver-model.rst.
The css bus
===========
......@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ into several categories:
* Standard I/O subchannels, for use by the system. They have a child
device on the ccw bus and are described below.
* I/O subchannels bound to the vfio-ccw driver. See
Documentation/s390/vfio-ccw.txt.
Documentation/s390/vfio-ccw.rst.
* Message subchannels. No Linux driver currently exists.
* CHSC subchannels (at most one). The chsc subchannel driver can be used
to send asynchronous chsc commands.
......
Documentation/s390/3270.txt → Documentation/s390/3270.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
===============================
IBM 3270 Display System support
===============================
This file describes the driver that supports local channel attachment
of IBM 3270 devices. It consists of three sections:
* Introduction
* Installation
* Operation
INTRODUCTION.
Introduction
============
This paper describes installing and operating 3270 devices under
Linux/390. A 3270 device is a block-mode rows-and-columns terminal of
......@@ -17,12 +21,12 @@ twenty and thirty years ago.
You may have 3270s in-house and not know it. If you're using the
VM-ESA operating system, define a 3270 to your virtual machine by using
the command "DEF GRAF <hex-address>" This paper presumes you will be
defining four 3270s with the CP/CMS commands
defining four 3270s with the CP/CMS commands:
DEF GRAF 620
DEF GRAF 621
DEF GRAF 622
DEF GRAF 623
- DEF GRAF 620
- DEF GRAF 621
- DEF GRAF 622
- DEF GRAF 623
Your network connection from VM-ESA allows you to use x3270, tn3270, or
another 3270 emulator, started from an xterm window on your PC or
......@@ -34,7 +38,8 @@ This paper covers installation of the driver and operation of a
dialed-in x3270.
INSTALLATION.
Installation
============
You install the driver by installing a patch, doing a kernel build, and
running the configuration script (config3270.sh, in this directory).
......@@ -59,13 +64,15 @@ Use #CP TERM CONMODE 3270 to change it to 3270. If you generate only
at boot time to a 3270 if it is a 3215.
In brief, these are the steps:
1. Install the tub3270 patch
2. (If a module) add a line to a file in /etc/modprobe.d/*.conf
2. (If a module) add a line to a file in `/etc/modprobe.d/*.conf`
3. (If VM) define devices with DEF GRAF
4. Reboot
5. Configure
To test that everything works, assuming VM and x3270,
1. Bring up an x3270 window.
2. Use the DIAL command in that window.
3. You should immediately see a Linux login screen.
......@@ -74,7 +81,8 @@ Here are the installation steps in detail:
1. The 3270 driver is a part of the official Linux kernel
source. Build a tree with the kernel source and any necessary
patches. Then do
patches. Then do::
make oldconfig
(If you wish to disable 3215 console support, edit
.config; change CONFIG_TN3215's value to "n";
......@@ -84,20 +92,22 @@ Here are the installation steps in detail:
make modules_install
2. (Perform this step only if you have configured tub3270 as a
module.) Add a line to a file /etc/modprobe.d/*.conf to automatically
module.) Add a line to a file `/etc/modprobe.d/*.conf` to automatically
load the driver when it's needed. With this line added, you will see
login prompts appear on your 3270s as soon as boot is complete (or
with emulated 3270s, as soon as you dial into your vm guest using the
command "DIAL <vmguestname>"). Since the line-mode major number is
227, the line to add should be:
227, the line to add should be::
alias char-major-227 tub3270
3. Define graphic devices to your vm guest machine, if you
haven't already. Define them before you reboot (reipl):
DEFINE GRAF 620
DEFINE GRAF 621
DEFINE GRAF 622
DEFINE GRAF 623
- DEFINE GRAF 620
- DEFINE GRAF 621
- DEFINE GRAF 622
- DEFINE GRAF 623
4. Reboot. The reboot process scans hardware devices, including
3270s, and this enables the tub3270 driver once loaded to respond
......@@ -107,21 +117,23 @@ Here are the installation steps in detail:
5. Run the 3270 configuration script config3270. It is
distributed in this same directory, Documentation/s390, as
config3270.sh. Inspect the output script it produces,
config3270.sh. Inspect the output script it produces,
/tmp/mkdev3270, and then run that script. This will create the
necessary character special device files and make the necessary
changes to /etc/inittab.
Then notify /sbin/init that /etc/inittab has changed, by issuing
the telinit command with the q operand:
the telinit command with the q operand::
cd Documentation/s390
sh config3270.sh
sh /tmp/mkdev3270
telinit q
This should be sufficient for your first time. If your 3270
This should be sufficient for your first time. If your 3270
configuration has changed and you're reusing config3270, you
should follow these steps:
should follow these steps::
Change 3270 configuration
Reboot
Run config3270 and /tmp/mkdev3270
......@@ -132,8 +144,10 @@ Here are the testing steps in detail:
1. Bring up an x3270 window, or use an actual hardware 3278 or
3279, or use the 3270 emulator of your choice. You would be
running the emulator on your PC or workstation. You would use
the command, for example,
the command, for example::
x3270 vm-esa-domain-name &
if you wanted a 3278 Model 4 with 43 rows of 80 columns, the
default model number. The driver does not take advantage of
extended attributes.
......@@ -144,7 +158,8 @@ Here are the testing steps in detail:
2. Use the DIAL command instead of the LOGIN command to connect
to one of the virtual 3270s you defined with the DEF GRAF
commands:
commands::
dial my-vm-guest-name
3. You should immediately see a login prompt from your
......@@ -171,14 +186,17 @@ Here are the testing steps in detail:
Wrong major number? Wrong minor number? There's your
problem!
D. Do you get the message
D. Do you get the message::
"HCPDIA047E my-vm-guest-name 0620 does not exist"?
If so, you must issue the command "DEF GRAF 620" from your VM
3215 console and then reboot the system.
OPERATION.
==========
The driver defines three areas on the 3270 screen: the log area, the
input area, and the status area.
......@@ -203,8 +221,10 @@ which indicates no scrolling will occur. (If you hit ENTER with "Linux
Running" and nothing typed, the application receives a newline.)
You may change the scrolling timeout value. For example, the following
command line:
command line::
echo scrolltime=60 > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
changes the scrolling timeout value to 60 sec. Set scrolltime to 0 if
you wish to prevent scrolling entirely.
......@@ -228,7 +248,8 @@ cause an EOF also by typing "^D" and hitting ENTER.
No PF key is preassigned to cause a job suspension, but you may cause a
job suspension by typing "^Z" and hitting ENTER. You may wish to
assign this function to a PF key. To make PF7 cause job suspension,
execute the command:
execute the command::
echo pf7=^z > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
If the input you type does not end with the two characters "^n", the
......@@ -243,8 +264,10 @@ command is entered into the stack only when the input area is not made
invisible (such as for password entry) and it is not identical to the
current top entry. PF10 rotates backward through the command stack;
PF11 rotates forward. You may assign the backward function to any PF
key (or PA key, for that matter), say, PA3, with the command:
key (or PA key, for that matter), say, PA3, with the command::
echo -e pa3=\\033k > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
This assigns the string ESC-k to PA3. Similarly, the string ESC-j
performs the forward function. (Rationale: In bash with vi-mode line
editing, ESC-k and ESC-j retrieve backward and forward history.
......@@ -252,15 +275,19 @@ Suggestions welcome.)
Is a stack size of twenty commands not to your liking? Change it on
the fly. To change to saving the last 100 commands, execute the
command:
command::
echo recallsize=100 > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
Have a command you issue frequently? Assign it to a PF or PA key! Use
the command
echo pf24="mkdir foobar; cd foobar" > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
the command::
echo pf24="mkdir foobar; cd foobar" > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
to execute the commands mkdir foobar and cd foobar immediately when you
hit PF24. Want to see the command line first, before you execute it?
Use the -n option of the echo command:
Use the -n option of the echo command::
echo -n pf24="mkdir foo; cd foo" > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
......
Documentation/s390/cds.txt → Documentation/s390/cds.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
===========================
Linux for S/390 and zSeries
===========================
Common Device Support (CDS)
Device Driver I/O Support Routines
Authors : Ingo Adlung
Cornelia Huck
Authors:
- Ingo Adlung
- Cornelia Huck
Copyright, IBM Corp. 1999-2002
Introduction
============
This document describes the common device support routines for Linux/390.
Different than other hardware architectures, ESA/390 has defined a unified
......@@ -27,18 +31,20 @@ Operation manual (IBM Form. No. SA22-7201).
In order to build common device support for ESA/390 I/O interfaces, a
functional layer was introduced that provides generic I/O access methods to
the hardware.
the hardware.
The common device support layer comprises the I/O support routines defined
below. Some of them implement common Linux device driver interfaces, while
The common device support layer comprises the I/O support routines defined
below. Some of them implement common Linux device driver interfaces, while
some of them are ESA/390 platform specific.
Note:
In order to write a driver for S/390, you also need to look into the interface
described in Documentation/s390/driver-model.txt.
In order to write a driver for S/390, you also need to look into the interface
described in Documentation/s390/driver-model.rst.
Note for porting drivers from 2.4:
The major changes are:
* The functions use a ccw_device instead of an irq (subchannel).
* All drivers must define a ccw_driver (see driver-model.txt) and the associated
functions.
......@@ -57,19 +63,16 @@ The major changes are:
ccw_device_get_ciw()
get commands from extended sense data.
ccw_device_start()
ccw_device_start_timeout()
ccw_device_start_key()
ccw_device_start_key_timeout()
ccw_device_start(), ccw_device_start_timeout(), ccw_device_start_key(), ccw_device_start_key_timeout()
initiate an I/O request.
ccw_device_resume()
resume channel program execution.
ccw_device_halt()
ccw_device_halt()
terminate the current I/O request processed on the device.
do_IRQ()
do_IRQ()
generic interrupt routine. This function is called by the interrupt entry
routine whenever an I/O interrupt is presented to the system. The do_IRQ()
routine determines the interrupt status and calls the device specific
......@@ -82,12 +85,15 @@ first level interrupt handler only and does not comprise a device driver
callable interface. Instead, the functional description of do_IO() also
describes the input to the device specific interrupt handler.
Note: All explanations apply also to the 64 bit architecture s390x.
Note:
All explanations apply also to the 64 bit architecture s390x.
Common Device Support (CDS) for Linux/390 Device Drivers
========================================================
General Information
-------------------
The following chapters describe the I/O related interface routines the
Linux/390 common device support (CDS) provides to allow for device specific
......@@ -101,6 +107,7 @@ can be found in the architecture specific C header file
linux/arch/s390/include/asm/irq.h.
Overview of CDS interface concepts
----------------------------------
Different to other hardware platforms, the ESA/390 architecture doesn't define
interrupt lines managed by a specific interrupt controller and bus systems
......@@ -126,7 +133,7 @@ has to call every single device driver registered on this IRQ in order to
determine the device driver owning the device that raised the interrupt.
Up to kernel 2.4, Linux/390 used to provide interfaces via the IRQ (subchannel).
For internal use of the common I/O layer, these are still there. However,
For internal use of the common I/O layer, these are still there. However,
device drivers should use the new calling interface via the ccw_device only.
During its startup the Linux/390 system checks for peripheral devices. Each
......@@ -134,7 +141,7 @@ of those devices is uniquely defined by a so called subchannel by the ESA/390
channel subsystem. While the subchannel numbers are system generated, each
subchannel also takes a user defined attribute, the so called device number.
Both subchannel number and device number cannot exceed 65535. During sysfs
initialisation, the information about control unit type and device types that
initialisation, the information about control unit type and device types that
imply specific I/O commands (channel command words - CCWs) in order to operate
the device are gathered. Device drivers can retrieve this set of hardware
information during their initialization step to recognize the devices they
......@@ -164,18 +171,26 @@ get_ciw() - get command information word
This call enables a device driver to get information about supported commands
from the extended SenseID data.
struct ciw *
ccw_device_get_ciw(struct ccw_device *cdev, __u32 cmd);
::
cdev - The ccw_device for which the command is to be retrieved.
cmd - The command type to be retrieved.
struct ciw *
ccw_device_get_ciw(struct ccw_device *cdev, __u32 cmd);
==== ========================================================
cdev The ccw_device for which the command is to be retrieved.
cmd The command type to be retrieved.
==== ========================================================
ccw_device_get_ciw() returns:
NULL - No extended data available, invalid device or command not found.
!NULL - The command requested.
===== ================================================================
NULL No extended data available, invalid device or command not found.
!NULL The command requested.
===== ================================================================
::
ccw_device_start() - Initiate I/O Request
ccw_device_start() - Initiate I/O Request
The ccw_device_start() routines is the I/O request front-end processor. All
device driver I/O requests must be issued using this routine. A device driver
......@@ -186,93 +201,105 @@ This description also covers the status information passed to the device
driver's interrupt handler as this is related to the rules (flags) defined
with the associated I/O request when calling ccw_device_start().
int ccw_device_start(struct ccw_device *cdev,
struct ccw1 *cpa,
unsigned long intparm,
__u8 lpm,
unsigned long flags);
int ccw_device_start_timeout(struct ccw_device *cdev,
struct ccw1 *cpa,
unsigned long intparm,
__u8 lpm,
unsigned long flags,
int expires);
int ccw_device_start_key(struct ccw_device *cdev,
struct ccw1 *cpa,
unsigned long intparm,
__u8 lpm,
__u8 key,
unsigned long flags);
int ccw_device_start_key_timeout(struct ccw_device *cdev,
struct ccw1 *cpa,
unsigned long intparm,
__u8 lpm,
__u8 key,
unsigned long flags,
int expires);
cdev : ccw_device the I/O is destined for
cpa : logical start address of channel program
user_intparm : user specific interrupt information; will be presented
back to the device driver's interrupt handler. Allows a
device driver to associate the interrupt with a
particular I/O request.
lpm : defines the channel path to be used for a specific I/O
request. A value of 0 will make cio use the opm.
key : the storage key to use for the I/O (useful for operating on a
storage with a storage key != default key)
flag : defines the action to be performed for I/O processing
expires : timeout value in jiffies. The common I/O layer will terminate
the running program after this and call the interrupt handler
with ERR_PTR(-ETIMEDOUT) as irb.
Possible flag values are :
DOIO_ALLOW_SUSPEND - channel program may become suspended
DOIO_DENY_PREFETCH - don't allow for CCW prefetch; usually
this implies the channel program might
become modified
DOIO_SUPPRESS_INTER - don't call the handler on intermediate status
The cpa parameter points to the first format 1 CCW of a channel program :
struct ccw1 {
__u8 cmd_code;/* command code */
__u8 flags; /* flags, like IDA addressing, etc. */
__u16 count; /* byte count */
__u32 cda; /* data address */
} __attribute__ ((packed,aligned(8)));
with the following CCW flags values defined :
CCW_FLAG_DC - data chaining
CCW_FLAG_CC - command chaining
CCW_FLAG_SLI - suppress incorrect length
CCW_FLAG_SKIP - skip
CCW_FLAG_PCI - PCI
CCW_FLAG_IDA - indirect addressing
CCW_FLAG_SUSPEND - suspend
::
int ccw_device_start(struct ccw_device *cdev,
struct ccw1 *cpa,
unsigned long intparm,
__u8 lpm,
unsigned long flags);
int ccw_device_start_timeout(struct ccw_device *cdev,
struct ccw1 *cpa,
unsigned long intparm,
__u8 lpm,
unsigned long flags,
int expires);
int ccw_device_start_key(struct ccw_device *cdev,
struct ccw1 *cpa,
unsigned long intparm,
__u8 lpm,
__u8 key,
unsigned long flags);
int ccw_device_start_key_timeout(struct ccw_device *cdev,
struct ccw1 *cpa,
unsigned long intparm,
__u8 lpm,
__u8 key,
unsigned long flags,
int expires);
============= =============================================================
cdev ccw_device the I/O is destined for
cpa logical start address of channel program
user_intparm user specific interrupt information; will be presented
back to the device driver's interrupt handler. Allows a
device driver to associate the interrupt with a
particular I/O request.
lpm defines the channel path to be used for a specific I/O
request. A value of 0 will make cio use the opm.
key the storage key to use for the I/O (useful for operating on a
storage with a storage key != default key)
flag defines the action to be performed for I/O processing
expires timeout value in jiffies. The common I/O layer will terminate
the running program after this and call the interrupt handler
with ERR_PTR(-ETIMEDOUT) as irb.
============= =============================================================
Possible flag values are:
========================= =============================================
DOIO_ALLOW_SUSPEND channel program may become suspended
DOIO_DENY_PREFETCH don't allow for CCW prefetch; usually
this implies the channel program might
become modified
DOIO_SUPPRESS_INTER don't call the handler on intermediate status
========================= =============================================
The cpa parameter points to the first format 1 CCW of a channel program::
struct ccw1 {
__u8 cmd_code;/* command code */
__u8 flags; /* flags, like IDA addressing, etc. */
__u16 count; /* byte count */
__u32 cda; /* data address */
} __attribute__ ((packed,aligned(8)));
with the following CCW flags values defined:
=================== =========================
CCW_FLAG_DC data chaining
CCW_FLAG_CC command chaining
CCW_FLAG_SLI suppress incorrect length
CCW_FLAG_SKIP skip
CCW_FLAG_PCI PCI
CCW_FLAG_IDA indirect addressing
CCW_FLAG_SUSPEND suspend
=================== =========================
Via ccw_device_set_options(), the device driver may specify the following
options for the device:
DOIO_EARLY_NOTIFICATION - allow for early interrupt notification
DOIO_REPORT_ALL - report all interrupt conditions
========================= ======================================
DOIO_EARLY_NOTIFICATION allow for early interrupt notification
DOIO_REPORT_ALL report all interrupt conditions
========================= ======================================
The ccw_device_start() function returns :
The ccw_device_start() function returns:
0 - successful completion or request successfully initiated
-EBUSY - The device is currently processing a previous I/O request, or there is
a status pending at the device.
-ENODEV - cdev is invalid, the device is not operational or the ccw_device is
not online.
======== ======================================================================
0 successful completion or request successfully initiated
-EBUSY The device is currently processing a previous I/O request, or there is
a status pending at the device.
-ENODEV cdev is invalid, the device is not operational or the ccw_device is
not online.
======== ======================================================================
When the I/O request completes, the CDS first level interrupt handler will
accumulate the status in a struct irb and then call the device interrupt handler.
The intparm field will contain the value the device driver has associated with a
particular I/O request. If a pending device status was recognized,
The intparm field will contain the value the device driver has associated with a
particular I/O request. If a pending device status was recognized,
intparm will be set to 0 (zero). This may happen during I/O initiation or delayed
by an alert status notification. In any case this status is not related to the
current (last) I/O request. In case of a delayed status notification no special
......@@ -282,9 +309,11 @@ never started, even though ccw_device_start() returned with successful completio
The irb may contain an error value, and the device driver should check for this
first:
-ETIMEDOUT: the common I/O layer terminated the request after the specified
timeout value
-EIO: the common I/O layer terminated the request due to an error state
========== =================================================================
-ETIMEDOUT the common I/O layer terminated the request after the specified
timeout value
-EIO the common I/O layer terminated the request due to an error state
========== =================================================================
If the concurrent sense flag in the extended status word (esw) in the irb is
set, the field erw.scnt in the esw describes the number of device specific
......@@ -294,6 +323,7 @@ sensing by the device driver itself is required.
The device interrupt handler can use the following definitions to investigate
the primary unit check source coded in sense byte 0 :
======================= ====
SNS0_CMD_REJECT 0x80
SNS0_INTERVENTION_REQ 0x40
SNS0_BUS_OUT_CHECK 0x20
......@@ -301,36 +331,41 @@ SNS0_EQUIPMENT_CHECK 0x10
SNS0_DATA_CHECK 0x08
SNS0_OVERRUN 0x04
SNS0_INCOMPL_DOMAIN 0x01
======================= ====
Depending on the device status, multiple of those values may be set together.
Please refer to the device specific documentation for details.
The irb->scsw.cstat field provides the (accumulated) subchannel status :
SCHN_STAT_PCI - program controlled interrupt
SCHN_STAT_INCORR_LEN - incorrect length
SCHN_STAT_PROG_CHECK - program check
SCHN_STAT_PROT_CHECK - protection check
SCHN_STAT_CHN_DATA_CHK - channel data check
SCHN_STAT_CHN_CTRL_CHK - channel control check
SCHN_STAT_INTF_CTRL_CHK - interface control check
SCHN_STAT_CHAIN_CHECK - chaining check
========================= ============================
SCHN_STAT_PCI program controlled interrupt
SCHN_STAT_INCORR_LEN incorrect length
SCHN_STAT_PROG_CHECK program check
SCHN_STAT_PROT_CHECK protection check
SCHN_STAT_CHN_DATA_CHK channel data check
SCHN_STAT_CHN_CTRL_CHK channel control check
SCHN_STAT_INTF_CTRL_CHK interface control check
SCHN_STAT_CHAIN_CHECK chaining check
========================= ============================
The irb->scsw.dstat field provides the (accumulated) device status :
DEV_STAT_ATTENTION - attention
DEV_STAT_STAT_MOD - status modifier
DEV_STAT_CU_END - control unit end
DEV_STAT_BUSY - busy
DEV_STAT_CHN_END - channel end
DEV_STAT_DEV_END - device end
DEV_STAT_UNIT_CHECK - unit check
DEV_STAT_UNIT_EXCEP - unit exception
===================== =================
DEV_STAT_ATTENTION attention
DEV_STAT_STAT_MOD status modifier
DEV_STAT_CU_END control unit end
DEV_STAT_BUSY busy
DEV_STAT_CHN_END channel end
DEV_STAT_DEV_END device end
DEV_STAT_UNIT_CHECK unit check
DEV_STAT_UNIT_EXCEP unit exception
===================== =================
Please see the ESA/390 Principles of Operation manual for details on the
individual flag meanings.
Usage Notes :
Usage Notes:
ccw_device_start() must be called disabled and with the ccw device lock held.
......@@ -374,32 +409,39 @@ secondary status without error (alert status) is presented, this indicates
successful completion for all overlapping ccw_device_start() requests that have
been issued since the last secondary (final) status.
Channel programs that intend to set the suspend flag on a channel command word
(CCW) must start the I/O operation with the DOIO_ALLOW_SUSPEND option or the
suspend flag will cause a channel program check. At the time the channel program
becomes suspended an intermediate interrupt will be generated by the channel
Channel programs that intend to set the suspend flag on a channel command word
(CCW) must start the I/O operation with the DOIO_ALLOW_SUSPEND option or the
suspend flag will cause a channel program check. At the time the channel program
becomes suspended an intermediate interrupt will be generated by the channel
subsystem.
ccw_device_resume() - Resume Channel Program Execution
ccw_device_resume() - Resume Channel Program Execution
If a device driver chooses to suspend the current channel program execution by
setting the CCW suspend flag on a particular CCW, the channel program execution
is suspended. In order to resume channel program execution the CIO layer
provides the ccw_device_resume() routine.
If a device driver chooses to suspend the current channel program execution by
setting the CCW suspend flag on a particular CCW, the channel program execution
is suspended. In order to resume channel program execution the CIO layer
provides the ccw_device_resume() routine.
int ccw_device_resume(struct ccw_device *cdev);
::
cdev - ccw_device the resume operation is requested for
int ccw_device_resume(struct ccw_device *cdev);
==== ================================================
cdev ccw_device the resume operation is requested for
==== ================================================
The ccw_device_resume() function returns:
0 - suspended channel program is resumed
-EBUSY - status pending
-ENODEV - cdev invalid or not-operational subchannel
-EINVAL - resume function not applicable
-ENOTCONN - there is no I/O request pending for completion
========= ==============================================
0 suspended channel program is resumed
-EBUSY status pending
-ENODEV cdev invalid or not-operational subchannel
-EINVAL resume function not applicable
-ENOTCONN there is no I/O request pending for completion
========= ==============================================
Usage Notes:
Please have a look at the ccw_device_start() usage notes for more details on
suspended channel programs.
......@@ -412,22 +454,28 @@ command is provided.
ccw_device_halt() must be called disabled and with the ccw device lock held.
int ccw_device_halt(struct ccw_device *cdev,
unsigned long intparm);
::
int ccw_device_halt(struct ccw_device *cdev,
unsigned long intparm);
cdev : ccw_device the halt operation is requested for
intparm : interruption parameter; value is only used if no I/O
is outstanding, otherwise the intparm associated with
the I/O request is returned
======= =====================================================
cdev ccw_device the halt operation is requested for
intparm interruption parameter; value is only used if no I/O
is outstanding, otherwise the intparm associated with
the I/O request is returned
======= =====================================================
The ccw_device_halt() function returns :
The ccw_device_halt() function returns:
0 - request successfully initiated
-EBUSY - the device is currently busy, or status pending.
-ENODEV - cdev invalid.
-EINVAL - The device is not operational or the ccw device is not online.
======= ==============================================================
0 request successfully initiated
-EBUSY the device is currently busy, or status pending.
-ENODEV cdev invalid.
-EINVAL The device is not operational or the ccw device is not online.
======= ==============================================================
Usage Notes :
Usage Notes:
A device driver may write a never-ending channel program by writing a channel
program that at its end loops back to its beginning by means of a transfer in
......@@ -438,25 +486,34 @@ can then perform an appropriate action. Prior to interrupt of an outstanding
read to a network device (with or without PCI flag) a ccw_device_halt()
is required to end the pending operation.
ccw_device_clear() - Terminage I/O Request Processing
::
ccw_device_clear() - Terminage I/O Request Processing
In order to terminate all I/O processing at the subchannel, the clear subchannel
(CSCH) command is used. It can be issued via ccw_device_clear().
ccw_device_clear() must be called disabled and with the ccw device lock held.
int ccw_device_clear(struct ccw_device *cdev, unsigned long intparm);
::
int ccw_device_clear(struct ccw_device *cdev, unsigned long intparm);
cdev: ccw_device the clear operation is requested for
intparm: interruption parameter (see ccw_device_halt())
======= ===============================================
cdev ccw_device the clear operation is requested for
intparm interruption parameter (see ccw_device_halt())
======= ===============================================
The ccw_device_clear() function returns:
0 - request successfully initiated
-ENODEV - cdev invalid
-EINVAL - The device is not operational or the ccw device is not online.
======= ==============================================================
0 request successfully initiated
-ENODEV cdev invalid
-EINVAL The device is not operational or the ccw device is not online.
======= ==============================================================
Miscellaneous Support Routines
------------------------------
This chapter describes various routines to be used in a Linux/390 device
driver programming environment.
......@@ -466,7 +523,8 @@ get_ccwdev_lock()
Get the address of the device specific lock. This is then used in
spin_lock() / spin_unlock() calls.
::
__u8 ccw_device_get_path_mask(struct ccw_device *cdev);
__u8 ccw_device_get_path_mask(struct ccw_device *cdev);
Get the mask of the path currently available for cdev.
Documentation/s390/CommonIO → Documentation/s390/common_io.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
S/390 common I/O-Layer - command line parameters, procfs and debugfs entries
============================================================================
======================
S/390 common I/O-Layer
======================
command line parameters, procfs and debugfs entries
===================================================
Command line parameters
-----------------------
......@@ -13,7 +17,7 @@ Command line parameters
device := {all | [!]ipldev | [!]condev | [!]<devno> | [!]<devno>-<devno>}
The given devices will be ignored by the common I/O-layer; no detection
and device sensing will be done on any of those devices. The subchannel to
and device sensing will be done on any of those devices. The subchannel to
which the device in question is attached will be treated as if no device was
attached.
......@@ -28,14 +32,20 @@ Command line parameters
keywords can be used to refer to the CCW based boot device and CCW console
device respectively (these are probably useful only when combined with the '!'
operator). The '!' operator will cause the I/O-layer to _not_ ignore a device.
The command line is parsed from left to right.
The command line
is parsed from left to right.
For example::
For example,
cio_ignore=0.0.0023-0.0.0042,0.0.4711
will ignore all devices ranging from 0.0.0023 to 0.0.0042 and the device
0.0.4711, if detected.
As another example,
As another example::
cio_ignore=all,!0.0.4711,!0.0.fd00-0.0.fd02
will ignore all devices but 0.0.4711, 0.0.fd00, 0.0.fd01, 0.0.fd02.
By default, no devices are ignored.
......@@ -48,40 +58,45 @@ Command line parameters
Lists the ranges of devices (by bus id) which are ignored by common I/O.
You can un-ignore certain or all devices by piping to /proc/cio_ignore.
"free all" will un-ignore all ignored devices,
You can un-ignore certain or all devices by piping to /proc/cio_ignore.
"free all" will un-ignore all ignored devices,
"free <device range>, <device range>, ..." will un-ignore the specified
devices.
For example, if devices 0.0.0023 to 0.0.0042 and 0.0.4711 are ignored,
- echo free 0.0.0030-0.0.0032 > /proc/cio_ignore
will un-ignore devices 0.0.0030 to 0.0.0032 and will leave devices 0.0.0023
to 0.0.002f, 0.0.0033 to 0.0.0042 and 0.0.4711 ignored;
- echo free 0.0.0041 > /proc/cio_ignore will furthermore un-ignore device
0.0.0041;
- echo free all > /proc/cio_ignore will un-ignore all remaining ignored
- echo free all > /proc/cio_ignore will un-ignore all remaining ignored
devices.
When a device is un-ignored, device recognition and sensing is performed and
When a device is un-ignored, device recognition and sensing is performed and
the device driver will be notified if possible, so the device will become
available to the system. Note that un-ignoring is performed asynchronously.
You can also add ranges of devices to be ignored by piping to
You can also add ranges of devices to be ignored by piping to
/proc/cio_ignore; "add <device range>, <device range>, ..." will ignore the
specified devices.
Note: While already known devices can be added to the list of devices to be
ignored, there will be no effect on then. However, if such a device
ignored, there will be no effect on then. However, if such a device
disappears and then reappears, it will then be ignored. To make
known devices go away, you need the "purge" command (see below).
For example,
For example::
"echo add 0.0.a000-0.0.accc, 0.0.af00-0.0.afff > /proc/cio_ignore"
will add 0.0.a000-0.0.accc and 0.0.af00-0.0.afff to the list of ignored
devices.
You can remove already known but now ignored devices via
You can remove already known but now ignored devices via::
"echo purge > /proc/cio_ignore"
All devices ignored but still registered and not online (= not in use)
will be deregistered and thus removed from the system.
......@@ -115,11 +130,11 @@ debugfs entries
Various debug messages from the common I/O-layer.
- /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/cio_trace/hex_ascii
Logs the calling of functions in the common I/O-layer and, if applicable,
Logs the calling of functions in the common I/O-layer and, if applicable,
which subchannel they were called for, as well as dumps of some data
structures (like irb in an error case).
The level of logging can be changed to be more or less verbose by piping to
The level of logging can be changed to be more or less verbose by piping to
/sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/cio_*/level a number between 0 and 6; see the
documentation on the S/390 debug feature (Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt)
documentation on the S/390 debug feature (Documentation/s390/s390dbf.rst)
for details.
Documentation/s390/DASD → Documentation/s390/dasd.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
==================
DASD device driver
==================
S/390's disk devices (DASDs) are managed by Linux via the DASD device
driver. It is valid for all types of DASDs and represents them to
......@@ -14,14 +16,14 @@ parameters are to be given in hexadecimal notation without a leading
If you supply kernel parameters the different instances are processed
in order of appearance and a minor number is reserved for any device
covered by the supplied range up to 64 volumes. Additional DASDs are
ignored. If you do not supply the 'dasd=' kernel parameter at all, the
ignored. If you do not supply the 'dasd=' kernel parameter at all, the
DASD driver registers all supported DASDs of your system to a minor
number in ascending order of the subchannel number.
The driver currently supports ECKD-devices and there are stubs for
support of the FBA and CKD architectures. For the FBA architecture
only some smart data structures are missing to make the support
complete.
complete.
We performed our testing on 3380 and 3390 type disks of different
sizes, under VM and on the bare hardware (LPAR), using internal disks
of the multiprise as well as a RAMAC virtual array. Disks exported by
......@@ -34,19 +36,22 @@ accessibility of the DASD from other OSs. In a later stage we will
provide support of partitions, maybe VTOC oriented or using a kind of
partition table in the label record.
USAGE
Usage
=====
-Low-level format (?CKD only)
For using an ECKD-DASD as a Linux harddisk you have to low-level
format the tracks by issuing the BLKDASDFORMAT-ioctl on that
device. This will erase any data on that volume including IBM volume
labels, VTOCs etc. The ioctl may take a 'struct format_data *' or
'NULL' as an argument.
typedef struct {
labels, VTOCs etc. The ioctl may take a `struct format_data *` or
'NULL' as an argument::
typedef struct {
int start_unit;
int stop_unit;
int blksize;
} format_data_t;
} format_data_t;
When a NULL argument is passed to the BLKDASDFORMAT ioctl the whole
disk is formatted to a blocksize of 1024 bytes. Otherwise start_unit
and stop_unit are the first and last track to be formatted. If
......@@ -56,17 +61,23 @@ up to the last track. blksize can be any power of two between 512 and
1kB blocks anyway and you gain approx. 50% of capacity increasing your
blksize from 512 byte to 1kB.
-Make a filesystem
Make a filesystem
=================
Then you can mk??fs the filesystem of your choice on that volume or
partition. For reasons of sanity you should build your filesystem on
the partition /dev/dd?1 instead of the whole volume. You only lose 3kB
the partition /dev/dd?1 instead of the whole volume. You only lose 3kB
but may be sure that you can reuse your data after introduction of a
real partition table.
BUGS:
Bugs
====
- Performance sometimes is rather low because we don't fully exploit clustering
TODO-List:
TODO-List
=========
- Add IBM'S Disk layout to genhd
- Enhance driver to use more than one major number
- Enable usage as a module
......
Documentation/s390/Debugging390.txt → Documentation/s390/debugging390.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
This source diff could not be displayed because it is too large. You can view the blob instead.
Documentation/s390/driver-model.txt → Documentation/s390/driver-model.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
=============================
S/390 driver model interfaces
-----------------------------
=============================
1. CCW devices
--------------
......@@ -7,13 +8,13 @@ S/390 driver model interfaces
All devices which can be addressed by means of ccws are called 'CCW devices' -
even if they aren't actually driven by ccws.
All ccw devices are accessed via a subchannel, this is reflected in the
structures under devices/:
All ccw devices are accessed via a subchannel, this is reflected in the
structures under devices/::
devices/
devices/
- system/
- css0/
- 0.0.0000/0.0.0815/
- 0.0.0000/0.0.0815/
- 0.0.0001/0.0.4711/
- 0.0.0002/
- 0.1.0000/0.1.1234/
......@@ -35,14 +36,18 @@ be found under bus/ccw/devices/.
All ccw devices export some data via sysfs.
cutype: The control unit type / model.
cutype:
The control unit type / model.
devtype: The device type / model, if applicable.
devtype:
The device type / model, if applicable.
availability: Can be 'good' or 'boxed'; 'no path' or 'no device' for
availability:
Can be 'good' or 'boxed'; 'no path' or 'no device' for
disconnected devices.
online: An interface to set the device online and offline.
online:
An interface to set the device online and offline.
In the special case of the device being disconnected (see the
notify function under 1.2), piping 0 to online will forcibly delete
the device.
......@@ -52,9 +57,11 @@ The device drivers can add entries to export per-device data and interfaces.
There is also some data exported on a per-subchannel basis (see under
bus/css/devices/):
chpids: Via which chpids the device is connected.
chpids:
Via which chpids the device is connected.
pimpampom: The path installed, path available and path operational masks.
pimpampom:
The path installed, path available and path operational masks.
There also might be additional data, for example for block devices.
......@@ -74,77 +81,93 @@ b. After a. has been performed, if necessary, the device is finally brought up
------------------------------------
The basic struct ccw_device and struct ccw_driver data structures can be found
under include/asm/ccwdev.h.
under include/asm/ccwdev.h::
struct ccw_device {
spinlock_t *ccwlock;
struct ccw_device_private *private;
struct ccw_device_id id;
struct ccw_device {
spinlock_t *ccwlock;
struct ccw_device_private *private;
struct ccw_device_id id;
struct ccw_driver *drv;
struct device dev;
struct ccw_driver *drv;
struct device dev;
int online;
void (*handler) (struct ccw_device *dev, unsigned long intparm,
struct irb *irb);
};
struct irb *irb);
};
struct ccw_driver {
struct module *owner;
struct ccw_device_id *ids;
int (*probe) (struct ccw_device *);
struct ccw_driver {
struct module *owner;
struct ccw_device_id *ids;
int (*probe) (struct ccw_device *);
int (*remove) (struct ccw_device *);
int (*set_online) (struct ccw_device *);
int (*set_offline) (struct ccw_device *);
int (*notify) (struct ccw_device *, int);
struct device_driver driver;
char *name;
};
};
The 'private' field contains data needed for internal i/o operation only, and
is not available to the device driver.
Each driver should declare in a MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE into which CU types/models
and/or device types/models it is interested. This information can later be found
in the struct ccw_device_id fields:
in the struct ccw_device_id fields::
struct ccw_device_id {
__u16 match_flags;
struct ccw_device_id {
__u16 match_flags;
__u16 cu_type;
__u16 dev_type;
__u8 cu_model;
__u8 dev_model;
__u16 cu_type;
__u16 dev_type;
__u8 cu_model;
__u8 dev_model;
unsigned long driver_info;
};
};
The functions in ccw_driver should be used in the following way:
probe: This function is called by the device layer for each device the driver
probe:
This function is called by the device layer for each device the driver
is interested in. The driver should only allocate private structures
to put in dev->driver_data and create attributes (if needed). Also,
the interrupt handler (see below) should be set here.
int (*probe) (struct ccw_device *cdev);
::
int (*probe) (struct ccw_device *cdev);
Parameters: cdev - the device to be probed.
Parameters:
cdev
- the device to be probed.
remove: This function is called by the device layer upon removal of the driver,
remove:
This function is called by the device layer upon removal of the driver,
the device or the module. The driver should perform cleanups here.
int (*remove) (struct ccw_device *cdev);
::
Parameters: cdev - the device to be removed.
int (*remove) (struct ccw_device *cdev);
Parameters:
cdev
- the device to be removed.
set_online: This function is called by the common I/O layer when the device is
set_online:
This function is called by the common I/O layer when the device is
activated via the 'online' attribute. The driver should finally
setup and activate the device here.
int (*set_online) (struct ccw_device *);
::
int (*set_online) (struct ccw_device *);
Parameters: cdev - the device to be activated. The common layer has
Parameters:
cdev
- the device to be activated. The common layer has
verified that the device is not already online.
......@@ -152,15 +175,22 @@ set_offline: This function is called by the common I/O layer when the device is
de-activated via the 'online' attribute. The driver should shut
down the device, but not de-allocate its private data.
int (*set_offline) (struct ccw_device *);
::
Parameters: cdev - the device to be deactivated. The common layer has
int (*set_offline) (struct ccw_device *);
Parameters:
cdev
- the device to be deactivated. The common layer has
verified that the device is online.
notify: This function is called by the common I/O layer for some state changes
notify:
This function is called by the common I/O layer for some state changes
of the device.
Signalled to the driver are:
* In online state, device detached (CIO_GONE) or last path gone
(CIO_NO_PATH). The driver must return !0 to keep the device; for
return code 0, the device will be deleted as usual (also when no
......@@ -173,32 +203,40 @@ notify: This function is called by the common I/O layer for some state changes
return code of the notify function the device driver signals if it
wants the device back: !0 for keeping, 0 to make the device being
removed and re-registered.
int (*notify) (struct ccw_device *, int);
Parameters: cdev - the device whose state changed.
event - the event that happened. This can be one of CIO_GONE,
CIO_NO_PATH or CIO_OPER.
::
int (*notify) (struct ccw_device *, int);
Parameters:
cdev
- the device whose state changed.
event
- the event that happened. This can be one of CIO_GONE,
CIO_NO_PATH or CIO_OPER.
The handler field of the struct ccw_device is meant to be set to the interrupt
handler for the device. In order to accommodate drivers which use several
handler for the device. In order to accommodate drivers which use several
distinct handlers (e.g. multi subchannel devices), this is a member of ccw_device
instead of ccw_driver.
The handler is registered with the common layer during set_online() processing
before the driver is called, and is deregistered during set_offline() after the
driver has been called. Also, after registering / before deregistering, path
driver has been called. Also, after registering / before deregistering, path
grouping resp. disbanding of the path group (if applicable) are performed.
void (*handler) (struct ccw_device *dev, unsigned long intparm, struct irb *irb);
::
Parameters: dev - the device the handler is called for
void (*handler) (struct ccw_device *dev, unsigned long intparm, struct irb *irb);
Parameters: dev - the device the handler is called for
intparm - the intparm which allows the device driver to identify
the i/o the interrupt is associated with, or to recognize
the interrupt as unsolicited.
irb - interruption response block which contains the accumulated
status.
the i/o the interrupt is associated with, or to recognize
the interrupt as unsolicited.
irb - interruption response block which contains the accumulated
status.
The device driver is called from the common ccw_device layer and can retrieve
The device driver is called from the common ccw_device layer and can retrieve
information about the interrupt from the irb parameter.
......@@ -237,23 +275,27 @@ only the logical state and not the physical state, since we cannot track the
latter consistently due to lacking machine support (we don't need to be aware
of it anyway).
status - Can be 'online' or 'offline'.
status
- Can be 'online' or 'offline'.
Piping 'on' or 'off' sets the chpid logically online/offline.
Piping 'on' to an online chpid triggers path reprobing for all devices
the chpid connects to. This can be used to force the kernel to re-use
a channel path the user knows to be online, but the machine hasn't
created a machine check for.
type - The physical type of the channel path.
type
- The physical type of the channel path.
shared - Whether the channel path is shared.
shared
- Whether the channel path is shared.
cmg - The channel measurement group.
cmg
- The channel measurement group.
3. System devices
-----------------
3.1 xpram
3.1 xpram
---------
xpram shows up under devices/system/ as 'xpram'.
......@@ -279,9 +321,8 @@ Netiucv connections show up under devices/iucv/ as "netiucv<ifnum>". The interfa
number is assigned sequentially to the connections defined via the 'connection'
attribute.
user - shows the connection partner.
buffer - maximum buffer size.
Pipe to it to change buffer size.
user
- shows the connection partner.
buffer
- maximum buffer size. Pipe to it to change buffer size.
Documentation/s390/index.rst 0 → 100644
View file @ 8b4a503d
:orphan:
=================
s390 Architecture
=================
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 1
cds
3270
debugging390
driver-model
monreader
qeth
s390dbf
vfio-ap
vfio-ccw
zfcpdump
dasd
common_io
text_files
.. only:: subproject and html
Indices
=======
* :ref:`genindex`
Documentation/s390/monreader.txt → Documentation/s390/monreader.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
=================================================
Linux API for read access to z/VM Monitor Records
=================================================
Date : 2004-Nov-26
Author: Gerald Schaefer (geraldsc@de.ibm.com)
Linux API for read access to z/VM Monitor Records
=================================================
Description
===========
This item delivers a new Linux API in the form of a misc char device that is
usable from user space and allows read access to the z/VM Monitor Records
collected by the *MONITOR System Service of z/VM.
collected by the `*MONITOR` System Service of z/VM.
User Requirements
=================
The z/VM guest on which you want to access this API needs to be configured in
order to allow IUCV connections to the *MONITOR service, i.e. it needs the
IUCV *MONITOR statement in its user entry. If the monitor DCSS to be used is
order to allow IUCV connections to the `*MONITOR` service, i.e. it needs the
IUCV `*MONITOR` statement in its user entry. If the monitor DCSS to be used is
restricted (likely), you also need the NAMESAVE <DCSS NAME> statement.
This item will use the IUCV device driver to access the z/VM services, so you
need a kernel with IUCV support. You also need z/VM version 4.4 or 5.1.
......@@ -50,7 +52,9 @@ Your guest virtual storage has to end below the starting address of the DCSS
and you have to specify the "mem=" kernel parameter in your parmfile with a
value greater than the ending address of the DCSS.
Example: DEF STOR 140M
Example::
DEF STOR 140M
This defines 140MB storage size for your guest, the parameter "mem=160M" is
added to the parmfile.
......@@ -66,24 +70,27 @@ kernel, the kernel parameter "monreader.mondcss=<DCSS NAME>" can be specified
in the parmfile.
The default name for the DCSS is "MONDCSS" if none is specified. In case that
there are other users already connected to the *MONITOR service (e.g.
there are other users already connected to the `*MONITOR` service (e.g.
Performance Toolkit), the monitor DCSS is already defined and you have to use
the same DCSS. The CP command Q MONITOR (Class E privileged) shows the name
of the monitor DCSS, if already defined, and the users connected to the
*MONITOR service.
`*MONITOR` service.
Refer to the "z/VM Performance" book (SC24-6109-00) on how to create a monitor
DCSS if your z/VM doesn't have one already, you need Class E privileges to
define and save a DCSS.
Example:
--------
modprobe monreader mondcss=MYDCSS
::
modprobe monreader mondcss=MYDCSS
This loads the module and sets the DCSS name to "MYDCSS".
NOTE:
-----
This API provides no interface to control the *MONITOR service, e.g. specify
This API provides no interface to control the `*MONITOR` service, e.g. specify
which data should be collected. This can be done by the CP command MONITOR
(Class E privileged), see "CP Command and Utility Reference".
......@@ -98,6 +105,7 @@ If your distribution does not support udev, a device node will not be created
automatically and you have to create it manually after loading the module.
Therefore you need to know the major and minor numbers of the device. These
numbers can be found in /sys/class/misc/monreader/dev.
Typing cat /sys/class/misc/monreader/dev will give an output of the form
<major>:<minor>. The device node can be created via the mknod command, enter
mknod <name> c <major> <minor>, where <name> is the name of the device node
......@@ -105,10 +113,13 @@ to be created.
Example:
--------
# modprobe monreader
# cat /sys/class/misc/monreader/dev
10:63
# mknod /dev/monreader c 10 63
::
# modprobe monreader
# cat /sys/class/misc/monreader/dev
10:63
# mknod /dev/monreader c 10 63
This loads the module with the default monitor DCSS (MONDCSS) and creates a
device node.
......@@ -133,20 +144,21 @@ last byte of data. The start address is needed to handle "end-of-frame" records
correctly (domain 1, record 13), i.e. it can be used to determine the record
start offset relative to a 4K page (frame) boundary.
See "Appendix A: *MONITOR" in the "z/VM Performance" document for a description
See "Appendix A: `*MONITOR`" in the "z/VM Performance" document for a description
of the monitor control element layout. The layout of the monitor records can
be found here (z/VM 5.1): http://www.vm.ibm.com/pubs/mon510/index.html
The layout of the data stream provided by the monreader device is as follows:
...
<0 byte read>
<first MCE> \
<first set of records> |
... |- data set
<last MCE> |
<last set of records> /
<0 byte read>
...
The layout of the data stream provided by the monreader device is as follows::
...
<0 byte read>
<first MCE> \
<first set of records> |
... |- data set
<last MCE> |
<last set of records> /
<0 byte read>
...
There may be more than one combination of MCE and corresponding record set
within one data set and the end of each data set is indicated by a successful
......@@ -165,15 +177,19 @@ As with most char devices, error conditions are indicated by returning a
negative value for the number of bytes read. In this case, the errno variable
indicates the error condition:
EIO: reply failed, read data is invalid and the application
EIO:
reply failed, read data is invalid and the application
should discard the data read since the last successful read with 0 size.
EFAULT: copy_to_user failed, read data is invalid and the application should
discard the data read since the last successful read with 0 size.
EAGAIN: occurs on a non-blocking read if there is no data available at the
moment. There is no data missing or corrupted, just try again or rather
use polling for non-blocking reads.
EOVERFLOW: message limit reached, the data read since the last successful
read with 0 size is valid but subsequent records may be missing.
EFAULT:
copy_to_user failed, read data is invalid and the application should
discard the data read since the last successful read with 0 size.
EAGAIN:
occurs on a non-blocking read if there is no data available at the
moment. There is no data missing or corrupted, just try again or rather
use polling for non-blocking reads.
EOVERFLOW:
message limit reached, the data read since the last successful
read with 0 size is valid but subsequent records may be missing.
In the last case (EOVERFLOW) there may be missing data, in the first two cases
(EIO, EFAULT) there will be missing data. It's up to the application if it will
......@@ -183,7 +199,7 @@ Open:
-----
Only one user is allowed to open the char device. If it is already in use, the
open function will fail (return a negative value) and set errno to EBUSY.
The open function may also fail if an IUCV connection to the *MONITOR service
The open function may also fail if an IUCV connection to the `*MONITOR` service
cannot be established. In this case errno will be set to EIO and an error
message with an IPUSER SEVER code will be printed into syslog. The IPUSER SEVER
codes are described in the "z/VM Performance" book, Appendix A.
......@@ -194,4 +210,3 @@ As soon as the device is opened, incoming messages will be accepted and they
will account for the message limit, i.e. opening the device without reading
from it will provoke the "message limit reached" error (EOVERFLOW error code)
eventually.
Documentation/s390/qeth.txt → Documentation/s390/qeth.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
=============================
IBM s390 QDIO Ethernet Driver
=============================
OSA and HiperSockets Bridge Port Support
========================================
Uevents
-------
To generate the events the device must be assigned a role of either
a primary or a secondary Bridge Port. For more information, see
......@@ -13,12 +17,15 @@ of some configured Bridge Port device on the channel changes, a udev
event with ACTION=CHANGE is emitted on behalf of the corresponding
ccwgroup device. The event has the following attributes:
BRIDGEPORT=statechange - indicates that the Bridge Port device changed
BRIDGEPORT=statechange
indicates that the Bridge Port device changed
its state.
ROLE={primary|secondary|none} - the role assigned to the port.
ROLE={primary|secondary|none}
the role assigned to the port.
STATE={active|standby|inactive} - the newly assumed state of the port.
STATE={active|standby|inactive}
the newly assumed state of the port.
When run on HiperSockets Bridge Capable Port hardware with host address
notifications enabled, a udev event with ACTION=CHANGE is emitted.
......@@ -26,25 +33,32 @@ It is emitted on behalf of the corresponding ccwgroup device when a host
or a VLAN is registered or unregistered on the network served by the device.
The event has the following attributes:
BRIDGEDHOST={reset|register|deregister|abort} - host address
BRIDGEDHOST={reset|register|deregister|abort}
host address
notifications are started afresh, a new host or VLAN is registered or
deregistered on the Bridge Port HiperSockets channel, or address
notifications are aborted.
VLAN=numeric-vlan-id - VLAN ID on which the event occurred. Not included
VLAN=numeric-vlan-id
VLAN ID on which the event occurred. Not included
if no VLAN is involved in the event.
MAC=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx - MAC address of the host that is being registered
MAC=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
MAC address of the host that is being registered
or deregistered from the HiperSockets channel. Not reported if the
event reports the creation or destruction of a VLAN.
NTOK_BUSID=x.y.zzzz - device bus ID (CSSID, SSID and device number).
NTOK_BUSID=x.y.zzzz
device bus ID (CSSID, SSID and device number).
NTOK_IID=xx - device IID.
NTOK_IID=xx
device IID.
NTOK_CHPID=xx - device CHPID.
NTOK_CHPID=xx
device CHPID.
NTOK_CHID=xxxx - device channel ID.
NTOK_CHID=xxxx
device channel ID.
Note that the NTOK_* attributes refer to devices other than the one
Note that the `NTOK_*` attributes refer to devices other than the one
connected to the system on which the OS is running.
Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt → Documentation/s390/s390dbf.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
==================
S390 Debug Feature
==================
files: arch/s390/kernel/debug.c
arch/s390/include/asm/debug.h
files:
- arch/s390/kernel/debug.c
- arch/s390/include/asm/debug.h
Description:
------------
The goal of this feature is to provide a kernel debug logging API
where log records can be stored efficiently in memory, where each component
The goal of this feature is to provide a kernel debug logging API
where log records can be stored efficiently in memory, where each component
(e.g. device drivers) can have one separate debug log.
One purpose of this is to inspect the debug logs after a production system crash
in order to analyze the reason for the crash.
If the system still runs but only a subcomponent which uses dbf fails,
it is possible to look at the debug logs on a live system via the Linux
debugfs filesystem.
The debug feature may also very useful for kernel and driver development.
Design:
-------
Kernel components (e.g. device drivers) can register themselves at the debug
feature with the function call debug_register(). This function initializes a
debug log for the caller. For each debug log exists a number of debug areas
Kernel components (e.g. device drivers) can register themselves at the debug
feature with the function call debug_register(). This function initializes a
debug log for the caller. For each debug log exists a number of debug areas
where exactly one is active at one time. Each debug area consists of contiguous
pages in memory. In the debug areas there are stored debug entries (log records)
which are written by event- and exception-calls.
which are written by event- and exception-calls.
An event-call writes the specified debug entry to the active debug
area and updates the log pointer for the active area. If the end
of the active debug area is reached, a wrap around is done (ring buffer)
and the next debug entry will be written at the beginning of the active
area and updates the log pointer for the active area. If the end
of the active debug area is reached, a wrap around is done (ring buffer)
and the next debug entry will be written at the beginning of the active
debug area.
An exception-call writes the specified debug entry to the log and
......@@ -37,7 +41,7 @@ that the records which describe the origin of the exception are not
overwritten when a wrap around for the current area occurs.
The debug areas themselves are also ordered in form of a ring buffer.
When an exception is thrown in the last debug area, the following debug
When an exception is thrown in the last debug area, the following debug
entries are then written again in the very first area.
There are three versions for the event- and exception-calls: One for
......@@ -76,244 +80,359 @@ through writing a number string "x" to the 'level' debugfs file which is
provided for every debug log. Debugging can be switched off completely
by using "-" on the 'level' debugfs file.
Example:
Example::
> echo "-" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level
> echo "-" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level
It is also possible to deactivate the debug feature globally for every
debug log. You can change the behavior using 2 sysctl parameters in
/proc/sys/s390dbf:
There are currently 2 possible triggers, which stop the debug feature
globally. The first possibility is to use the "debug_active" sysctl. If
set to 1 the debug feature is running. If "debug_active" is set to 0 the
debug feature is turned off.
The second trigger which stops the debug feature is a kernel oops.
That prevents the debug feature from overwriting debug information that
happened before the oops. After an oops you can reactivate the debug feature
by piping 1 to /proc/sys/s390dbf/debug_active. Nevertheless, its not
suggested to use an oopsed kernel in a production environment.
If you want to disallow the deactivation of the debug feature, you can use
the "debug_stoppable" sysctl. If you set "debug_stoppable" to 0 the debug
feature cannot be stopped. If the debug feature is already stopped, it
will stay deactivated.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kernel Interfaces:
------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_info_t *debug_register(char *name, int pages, int nr_areas,
int buf_size);
::
debug_info_t *debug_register(char *name, int pages, int nr_areas,
int buf_size);
Parameter: name: Name of debug log (e.g. used for debugfs entry)
pages: number of pages, which will be allocated per area
nr_areas: number of debug areas
buf_size: size of data area in each debug entry
Parameter:
name:
Name of debug log (e.g. used for debugfs entry)
pages:
Number of pages, which will be allocated per area
nr_areas:
Number of debug areas
buf_size:
Size of data area in each debug entry
Return Value: Handle for generated debug area
NULL if register failed
Return Value:
Handle for generated debug area
Description: Allocates memory for a debug log
Must not be called within an interrupt handler
NULL if register failed
Description: Allocates memory for a debug log
Must not be called within an interrupt handler
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_info_t *debug_register_mode(char *name, int pages, int nr_areas,
int buf_size, mode_t mode, uid_t uid,
gid_t gid);
Parameter: name: Name of debug log (e.g. used for debugfs entry)
pages: Number of pages, which will be allocated per area
nr_areas: Number of debug areas
buf_size: Size of data area in each debug entry
mode: File mode for debugfs files. E.g. S_IRWXUGO
uid: User ID for debugfs files. Currently only 0 is
::
debug_info_t *debug_register_mode(char *name, int pages, int nr_areas,
int buf_size, mode_t mode, uid_t uid,
gid_t gid);
Parameter:
name:
Name of debug log (e.g. used for debugfs entry)
pages:
Number of pages, which will be allocated per area
nr_areas:
Number of debug areas
buf_size:
Size of data area in each debug entry
mode:
File mode for debugfs files. E.g. S_IRWXUGO
uid:
User ID for debugfs files. Currently only 0 is
supported.
gid: Group ID for debugfs files. Currently only 0 is
gid:
Group ID for debugfs files. Currently only 0 is
supported.
Return Value: Handle for generated debug area
NULL if register failed
Return Value:
Handle for generated debug area
Description: Allocates memory for a debug log
NULL if register failed
Description:
Allocates memory for a debug log
Must not be called within an interrupt handler
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void debug_unregister (debug_info_t * id);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
::
void debug_unregister (debug_info_t * id);
Return Value: none
Parameter:
id:
handle for debug log
Description: frees memory for a debug log and removes all registered debug
Return Value:
none
Description:
frees memory for a debug log and removes all registered debug
views.
Must not be called within an interrupt handler
Must not be called within an interrupt handler
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void debug_set_level (debug_info_t * id, int new_level);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
new_level: new debug level
::
void debug_set_level (debug_info_t * id, int new_level);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
new_level: new debug level
Return Value: none
Return Value:
none
Description: Sets new actual debug level if new_level is valid.
Description:
Sets new actual debug level if new_level is valid.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool debug_level_enabled (debug_info_t * id, int level);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
::
bool debug_level_enabled (debug_info_t * id, int level);
Parameter:
id:
handle for debug log
level:
debug level
Return Value: True if level is less or equal to the current debug level.
Return Value:
True if level is less or equal to the current debug level.
Description: Returns true if debug events for the specified level would be
Description:
Returns true if debug events for the specified level would be
logged. Otherwise returns false.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void debug_stop_all(void);
Parameter: none
::
void debug_stop_all(void);
Return Value: none
Parameter:
none
Description: stops the debug feature if stopping is allowed. Currently
used in case of a kernel oops.
Return Value:
none
Description:
stops the debug feature if stopping is allowed. Currently
used in case of a kernel oops.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_entry_t* debug_event (debug_info_t* id, int level, void* data,
int length);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
data: pointer to data for debug entry
length: length of data in bytes
::
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
debug_entry_t* debug_event (debug_info_t* id, int level, void* data,
int length);
Description: writes debug entry to active debug area (if level <= actual
debug level)
Parameter:
id:
handle for debug log
level:
debug level
data:
pointer to data for debug entry
length:
length of data in bytes
Return Value:
Address of written debug entry
Description:
writes debug entry to active debug area (if level <= actual
debug level)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_entry_t* debug_int_event (debug_info_t * id, int level,
unsigned int data);
debug_entry_t* debug_long_event(debug_info_t * id, int level,
unsigned long data);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
data: integer value for debug entry
::
debug_entry_t* debug_int_event (debug_info_t * id, int level,
unsigned int data);
debug_entry_t* debug_long_event(debug_info_t * id, int level,
unsigned long data);
Parameter:
id:
handle for debug log
level:
debug level
data:
integer value for debug entry
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
Return Value:
Address of written debug entry
Description: writes debug entry to active debug area (if level <= actual
debug level)
Description:
writes debug entry to active debug area (if level <= actual
debug level)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_entry_t* debug_text_event (debug_info_t * id, int level,
const char* data);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
data: string for debug entry
::
debug_entry_t* debug_text_event (debug_info_t * id, int level,
const char* data);
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
Parameter:
id:
handle for debug log
level:
debug level
data:
string for debug entry
Description: writes debug entry in ascii format to active debug area
(if level <= actual debug level)
Return Value:
Address of written debug entry
Description:
writes debug entry in ascii format to active debug area
(if level <= actual debug level)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_entry_t* debug_sprintf_event (debug_info_t * id, int level,
char* string,...);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
string: format string for debug entry
...: varargs used as in sprintf()
::
debug_entry_t* debug_sprintf_event (debug_info_t * id, int level,
char* string,...);
Parameter:
id:
handle for debug log
level:
debug level
string:
format string for debug entry
...:
varargs used as in sprintf()
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
Description: writes debug entry with format string and varargs (longs) to
active debug area (if level $<=$ actual debug level).
floats and long long datatypes cannot be used as varargs.
Description:
writes debug entry with format string and varargs (longs) to
active debug area (if level $<=$ actual debug level).
floats and long long datatypes cannot be used as varargs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_entry_t* debug_exception (debug_info_t* id, int level, void* data,
int length);
::
debug_entry_t* debug_exception (debug_info_t* id, int level, void* data,
int length);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
data: pointer to data for debug entry
length: length of data in bytes
Parameter:
id:
handle for debug log
level:
debug level
data:
pointer to data for debug entry
length:
length of data in bytes
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
Return Value:
Address of written debug entry
Description: writes debug entry to active debug area (if level <= actual
debug level) and switches to next debug area
Description:
writes debug entry to active debug area (if level <= actual
debug level) and switches to next debug area
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_entry_t* debug_int_exception (debug_info_t * id, int level,
unsigned int data);
debug_entry_t* debug_long_exception(debug_info_t * id, int level,
unsigned long data);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
data: integer value for debug entry
::
debug_entry_t* debug_int_exception (debug_info_t * id, int level,
unsigned int data);
debug_entry_t* debug_long_exception(debug_info_t * id, int level,
unsigned long data);
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
data: integer value for debug entry
Description: writes debug entry to active debug area (if level <= actual
debug level) and switches to next debug area
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
Description: writes debug entry to active debug area (if level <= actual
debug level) and switches to next debug area
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_entry_t* debug_text_exception (debug_info_t * id, int level,
const char* data);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
data: string for debug entry
::
debug_entry_t* debug_text_exception (debug_info_t * id, int level,
const char* data);
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
data: string for debug entry
Description: writes debug entry in ascii format to active debug area
(if level <= actual debug level) and switches to next debug
area
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
Description: writes debug entry in ascii format to active debug area
(if level <= actual debug level) and switches to next debug
area
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
debug_entry_t* debug_sprintf_exception (debug_info_t * id, int level,
char* string,...);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
string: format string for debug entry
...: varargs used as in sprintf()
::
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
debug_entry_t* debug_sprintf_exception (debug_info_t * id, int level,
char* string,...);
Description: writes debug entry with format string and varargs (longs) to
active debug area (if level $<=$ actual debug level) and
switches to next debug area.
floats and long long datatypes cannot be used as varargs.
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
level: debug level
string: format string for debug entry
...: varargs used as in sprintf()
Return Value: Address of written debug entry
Description: writes debug entry with format string and varargs (longs) to
active debug area (if level $<=$ actual debug level) and
switches to next debug area.
floats and long long datatypes cannot be used as varargs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
int debug_register_view (debug_info_t * id, struct debug_view *view);
::
int debug_register_view (debug_info_t * id, struct debug_view *view);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
view: pointer to debug view struct
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
view: pointer to debug view struct
Return Value: 0 : ok
< 0: Error
Return Value: 0 : ok
< 0: Error
Description: registers new debug view and creates debugfs dir entry
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
int debug_unregister_view (debug_info_t * id, struct debug_view *view);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
view: pointer to debug view struct
::
int debug_unregister_view (debug_info_t * id, struct debug_view *view);
Parameter: id: handle for debug log
view: pointer to debug view struct
Return Value: 0 : ok
< 0: Error
Return Value: 0 : ok
< 0: Error
Description: unregisters debug view and removes debugfs dir entry
......@@ -323,113 +442,117 @@ Predefined views:
-----------------
extern struct debug_view debug_hex_ascii_view;
extern struct debug_view debug_raw_view;
extern struct debug_view debug_sprintf_view;
Examples
--------
/*
* hex_ascii- + raw-view Example
*/
::
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <asm/debug.h>
/*
* hex_ascii- + raw-view Example
*/
static debug_info_t* debug_info;
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <asm/debug.h>
static int init(void)
{
/* register 4 debug areas with one page each and 4 byte data field */
static debug_info_t* debug_info;
debug_info = debug_register ("test", 1, 4, 4 );
debug_register_view(debug_info,&debug_hex_ascii_view);
debug_register_view(debug_info,&debug_raw_view);
static int init(void)
{
/* register 4 debug areas with one page each and 4 byte data field */
debug_text_event(debug_info, 4 , "one ");
debug_int_exception(debug_info, 4, 4711);
debug_event(debug_info, 3, &debug_info, 4);
debug_info = debug_register ("test", 1, 4, 4 );
debug_register_view(debug_info,&debug_hex_ascii_view);
debug_register_view(debug_info,&debug_raw_view);
return 0;
}
debug_text_event(debug_info, 4 , "one ");
debug_int_exception(debug_info, 4, 4711);
debug_event(debug_info, 3, &debug_info, 4);
static void cleanup(void)
{
debug_unregister (debug_info);
}
return 0;
}
module_init(init);
module_exit(cleanup);
static void cleanup(void)
{
debug_unregister (debug_info);
}
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
module_init(init);
module_exit(cleanup);
/*
* sprintf-view Example
*/
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <asm/debug.h>
::
static debug_info_t* debug_info;
/*
* sprintf-view Example
*/
static int init(void)
{
/* register 4 debug areas with one page each and data field for */
/* format string pointer + 2 varargs (= 3 * sizeof(long)) */
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <asm/debug.h>
debug_info = debug_register ("test", 1, 4, sizeof(long) * 3);
debug_register_view(debug_info,&debug_sprintf_view);
static debug_info_t* debug_info;
debug_sprintf_event(debug_info, 2 , "first event in %s:%i\n",__FILE__,__LINE__);
debug_sprintf_exception(debug_info, 1, "pointer to debug info: %p\n",&debug_info);
static int init(void)
{
/* register 4 debug areas with one page each and data field for */
/* format string pointer + 2 varargs (= 3 * sizeof(long)) */
return 0;
}
debug_info = debug_register ("test", 1, 4, sizeof(long) * 3);
debug_register_view(debug_info,&debug_sprintf_view);
static void cleanup(void)
{
debug_unregister (debug_info);
}
debug_sprintf_event(debug_info, 2 , "first event in %s:%i\n",__FILE__,__LINE__);
debug_sprintf_exception(debug_info, 1, "pointer to debug info: %p\n",&debug_info);
module_init(init);
module_exit(cleanup);
return 0;
}
static void cleanup(void)
{
debug_unregister (debug_info);
}
module_init(init);
module_exit(cleanup);
Debugfs Interface
----------------
Views to the debug logs can be investigated through reading the corresponding
-----------------
Views to the debug logs can be investigated through reading the corresponding
debugfs-files:
Example:
> ls /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd
flush hex_ascii level pages raw
> cat /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/hex_ascii | sort -k2,2 -s
00 00974733272:680099 2 - 02 0006ad7e 07 ea 4a 90 | ....
00 00974733272:682210 2 - 02 0006ade6 46 52 45 45 | FREE
00 00974733272:682213 2 - 02 0006adf6 07 ea 4a 90 | ....
00 00974733272:682281 1 * 02 0006ab08 41 4c 4c 43 | EXCP
01 00974733272:682284 2 - 02 0006ab16 45 43 4b 44 | ECKD
01 00974733272:682287 2 - 02 0006ab28 00 00 00 04 | ....
01 00974733272:682289 2 - 02 0006ab3e 00 00 00 20 | ...
01 00974733272:682297 2 - 02 0006ad7e 07 ea 4a 90 | ....
01 00974733272:684384 2 - 00 0006ade6 46 52 45 45 | FREE
01 00974733272:684388 2 - 00 0006adf6 07 ea 4a 90 | ....
Example::
> ls /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd
flush hex_ascii level pages raw
> cat /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/hex_ascii | sort -k2,2 -s
00 00974733272:680099 2 - 02 0006ad7e 07 ea 4a 90 | ....
00 00974733272:682210 2 - 02 0006ade6 46 52 45 45 | FREE
00 00974733272:682213 2 - 02 0006adf6 07 ea 4a 90 | ....
00 00974733272:682281 1 * 02 0006ab08 41 4c 4c 43 | EXCP
01 00974733272:682284 2 - 02 0006ab16 45 43 4b 44 | ECKD
01 00974733272:682287 2 - 02 0006ab28 00 00 00 04 | ....
01 00974733272:682289 2 - 02 0006ab3e 00 00 00 20 | ...
01 00974733272:682297 2 - 02 0006ad7e 07 ea 4a 90 | ....
01 00974733272:684384 2 - 00 0006ade6 46 52 45 45 | FREE
01 00974733272:684388 2 - 00 0006adf6 07 ea 4a 90 | ....
See section about predefined views for explanation of the above output!
Changing the debug level
------------------------
Example:
Example::
> cat /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level
3
> echo "5" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level
> cat /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level
5
> cat /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level
3
> echo "5" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level
> cat /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level
5
Flushing debug areas
--------------------
......@@ -439,11 +562,13 @@ are flushed.
Examples:
1. Flush debug area 0:
> echo "0" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/flush
1. Flush debug area 0::
> echo "0" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/flush
2. Flush all debug areas::
2. Flush all debug areas:
> echo "-" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/flush
> echo "-" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/flush
Changing the size of debug areas
------------------------------------
......@@ -453,23 +578,27 @@ also flush the debug areas.
Example:
Define 4 pages for the debug areas of debug feature "dasd":
> echo "4" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/pages
Define 4 pages for the debug areas of debug feature "dasd"::
> echo "4" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/pages
Stooping the debug feature
--------------------------
Example:
1. Check if stopping is allowed
> cat /proc/sys/s390dbf/debug_stoppable
2. Stop debug feature
> echo 0 > /proc/sys/s390dbf/debug_active
1. Check if stopping is allowed::
> cat /proc/sys/s390dbf/debug_stoppable
2. Stop debug feature::
> echo 0 > /proc/sys/s390dbf/debug_active
lcrash Interface
----------------
It is planned that the dump analysis tool lcrash gets an additional command
's390dbf' to display all the debug logs. With this tool it will be possible
to investigate the debug logs on a live system and with a memory dump after
's390dbf' to display all the debug logs. With this tool it will be possible
to investigate the debug logs on a live system and with a memory dump after
a system crash.
Investigating raw memory
......@@ -494,32 +623,35 @@ order to see the debug entries well formatted.
Predefined Views
----------------
There are three predefined views: hex_ascii, raw and sprintf.
The hex_ascii view shows the data field in hex and ascii representation
(e.g. '45 43 4b 44 | ECKD').
There are three predefined views: hex_ascii, raw and sprintf.
The hex_ascii view shows the data field in hex and ascii representation
(e.g. '45 43 4b 44 | ECKD').
The raw view returns a bytestream as the debug areas are stored in memory.
The sprintf view formats the debug entries in the same way as the sprintf
function would do. The sprintf event/exception functions write to the
debug entry a pointer to the format string (size = sizeof(long))
and for each vararg a long value. So e.g. for a debug entry with a format
string plus two varargs one would need to allocate a (3 * sizeof(long))
debug entry a pointer to the format string (size = sizeof(long))
and for each vararg a long value. So e.g. for a debug entry with a format
string plus two varargs one would need to allocate a (3 * sizeof(long))
byte data area in the debug_register() function.
IMPORTANT: Using "%s" in sprintf event functions is dangerous. You can only
use "%s" in the sprintf event functions, if the memory for the passed string is
available as long as the debug feature exists. The reason behind this is that
due to performance considerations only a pointer to the string is stored in
the debug feature. If you log a string that is freed afterwards, you will get
an OOPS when inspecting the debug feature, because then the debug feature will
access the already freed memory.
IMPORTANT:
Using "%s" in sprintf event functions is dangerous. You can only
use "%s" in the sprintf event functions, if the memory for the passed string
is available as long as the debug feature exists. The reason behind this is
that due to performance considerations only a pointer to the string is stored
in the debug feature. If you log a string that is freed afterwards, you will
get an OOPS when inspecting the debug feature, because then the debug feature
will access the already freed memory.
NOTE: If using the sprintf view do NOT use other event/exception functions
than the sprintf-event and -exception functions.
NOTE:
If using the sprintf view do NOT use other event/exception functions
than the sprintf-event and -exception functions.
The format of the hex_ascii and sprintf view is as follows:
- Number of area
- Timestamp (formatted as seconds and microseconds since 00:00:00 Coordinated
- Timestamp (formatted as seconds and microseconds since 00:00:00 Coordinated
Universal Time (UTC), January 1, 1970)
- level of debug entry
- Exception flag (* = Exception)
......@@ -528,140 +660,144 @@ The format of the hex_ascii and sprintf view is as follows:
- data field
The format of the raw view is:
- Header as described in debug.h
- datafield
- datafield
A typical line of the hex_ascii view will look like the following (first line
A typical line of the hex_ascii view will look like the following (first line
is only for explanation and will not be displayed when 'cating' the view):
area time level exception cpu caller data (hex + ascii)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
00 00964419409:440690 1 - 00 88023fe
00 00964419409:440690 1 - 00 88023fe
Defining views
--------------
Views are specified with the 'debug_view' structure. There are defined
callback functions which are used for reading and writing the debugfs files:
struct debug_view {
char name[DEBUG_MAX_PROCF_LEN];
debug_prolog_proc_t* prolog_proc;
debug_header_proc_t* header_proc;
debug_format_proc_t* format_proc;
debug_input_proc_t* input_proc;
callback functions which are used for reading and writing the debugfs files::
struct debug_view {
char name[DEBUG_MAX_PROCF_LEN];
debug_prolog_proc_t* prolog_proc;
debug_header_proc_t* header_proc;
debug_format_proc_t* format_proc;
debug_input_proc_t* input_proc;
void* private_data;
};
};
where
where::
typedef int (debug_header_proc_t) (debug_info_t* id,
struct debug_view* view,
int area,
debug_entry_t* entry,
char* out_buf);
typedef int (debug_header_proc_t) (debug_info_t* id,
struct debug_view* view,
int area,
debug_entry_t* entry,
char* out_buf);
typedef int (debug_format_proc_t) (debug_info_t* id,
struct debug_view* view, char* out_buf,
const char* in_buf);
typedef int (debug_prolog_proc_t) (debug_info_t* id,
struct debug_view* view,
char* out_buf);
typedef int (debug_input_proc_t) (debug_info_t* id,
struct debug_view* view,
struct file* file, const char* user_buf,
size_t in_buf_size, loff_t* offset);
typedef int (debug_format_proc_t) (debug_info_t* id,
struct debug_view* view, char* out_buf,
const char* in_buf);
typedef int (debug_prolog_proc_t) (debug_info_t* id,
struct debug_view* view,
char* out_buf);
typedef int (debug_input_proc_t) (debug_info_t* id,
struct debug_view* view,
struct file* file, const char* user_buf,
size_t in_buf_size, loff_t* offset);
The "private_data" member can be used as pointer to view specific data.
It is not used by the debug feature itself.
The output when reading a debugfs file is structured like this:
The output when reading a debugfs file is structured like this::
"prolog_proc output"
"prolog_proc output"
"header_proc output 1" "format_proc output 1"
"header_proc output 2" "format_proc output 2"
"header_proc output 3" "format_proc output 3"
...
"header_proc output 1" "format_proc output 1"
"header_proc output 2" "format_proc output 2"
"header_proc output 3" "format_proc output 3"
...
When a view is read from the debugfs, the Debug Feature calls the
'prolog_proc' once for writing the prolog.
Then 'header_proc' and 'format_proc' are called for each
Then 'header_proc' and 'format_proc' are called for each
existing debug entry.
The input_proc can be used to implement functionality when it is written to
The input_proc can be used to implement functionality when it is written to
the view (e.g. like with 'echo "0" > /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/dasd/level).
For header_proc there can be used the default function
debug_dflt_header_fn() which is defined in debug.h.
and which produces the same header output as the predefined views.
E.g:
00 00964419409:440761 2 - 00 88023ec
E.g::
00 00964419409:440761 2 - 00 88023ec
In order to see how to use the callback functions check the implementation
of the default views!
Example
#include <asm/debug.h>
#define UNKNOWNSTR "data: %08x"
const char* messages[] =
{"This error...........\n",
"That error...........\n",
"Problem..............\n",
"Something went wrong.\n",
"Everything ok........\n",
NULL
};
static int debug_test_format_fn(
debug_info_t * id, struct debug_view *view,
char *out_buf, const char *in_buf
)
{
int i, rc = 0;
if(id->buf_size >= 4) {
int msg_nr = *((int*)in_buf);
if(msg_nr < sizeof(messages)/sizeof(char*) - 1)
rc += sprintf(out_buf, "%s", messages[msg_nr]);
else
rc += sprintf(out_buf, UNKNOWNSTR, msg_nr);
Example::
#include <asm/debug.h>
#define UNKNOWNSTR "data: %08x"
const char* messages[] =
{"This error...........\n",
"That error...........\n",
"Problem..............\n",
"Something went wrong.\n",
"Everything ok........\n",
NULL
};
static int debug_test_format_fn(
debug_info_t * id, struct debug_view *view,
char *out_buf, const char *in_buf
)
{
int i, rc = 0;
if(id->buf_size >= 4) {
int msg_nr = *((int*)in_buf);
if(msg_nr < sizeof(messages)/sizeof(char*) - 1)
rc += sprintf(out_buf, "%s", messages[msg_nr]);
else
rc += sprintf(out_buf, UNKNOWNSTR, msg_nr);
}
out:
return rc;
}
out:
return rc;
}
struct debug_view debug_test_view = {
"myview", /* name of view */
NULL, /* no prolog */
&debug_dflt_header_fn, /* default header for each entry */
&debug_test_format_fn, /* our own format function */
NULL, /* no input function */
NULL /* no private data */
};
=====
struct debug_view debug_test_view = {
"myview", /* name of view */
NULL, /* no prolog */
&debug_dflt_header_fn, /* default header for each entry */
&debug_test_format_fn, /* our own format function */
NULL, /* no input function */
NULL /* no private data */
};
test:
=====
debug_info_t *debug_info;
...
debug_info = debug_register ("test", 0, 4, 4 ));
debug_register_view(debug_info, &debug_test_view);
for(i = 0; i < 10; i ++) debug_int_event(debug_info, 1, i);
> cat /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/test/myview
00 00964419734:611402 1 - 00 88042ca This error...........
00 00964419734:611405 1 - 00 88042ca That error...........
00 00964419734:611408 1 - 00 88042ca Problem..............
00 00964419734:611411 1 - 00 88042ca Something went wrong.
00 00964419734:611414 1 - 00 88042ca Everything ok........
00 00964419734:611417 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000005
00 00964419734:611419 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000006
00 00964419734:611422 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000007
00 00964419734:611425 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000008
00 00964419734:611428 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000009
::
debug_info_t *debug_info;
...
debug_info = debug_register ("test", 0, 4, 4 ));
debug_register_view(debug_info, &debug_test_view);
for(i = 0; i < 10; i ++) debug_int_event(debug_info, 1, i);
> cat /sys/kernel/debug/s390dbf/test/myview
00 00964419734:611402 1 - 00 88042ca This error...........
00 00964419734:611405 1 - 00 88042ca That error...........
00 00964419734:611408 1 - 00 88042ca Problem..............
00 00964419734:611411 1 - 00 88042ca Something went wrong.
00 00964419734:611414 1 - 00 88042ca Everything ok........
00 00964419734:611417 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000005
00 00964419734:611419 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000006
00 00964419734:611422 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000007
00 00964419734:611425 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000008
00 00964419734:611428 1 - 00 88042ca data: 00000009
Documentation/s390/text_files.rst 0 → 100644
View file @ 8b4a503d
ibm 3270 changelog
------------------
.. include:: 3270.ChangeLog
:literal:
ibm 3270 config3270.sh
----------------------
.. literalinclude:: config3270.sh
:language: shell
Documentation/s390/vfio-ap.txt → Documentation/s390/vfio-ap.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
Introduction:
===============================
Adjunct Processor (AP) facility
===============================
Introduction
============
The Adjunct Processor (AP) facility is an IBM Z cryptographic facility comprised
of three AP instructions and from 1 up to 256 PCIe cryptographic adapter cards.
......@@ -11,7 +16,7 @@ framework. This implementation relies considerably on the s390 virtualization
facilities which do most of the hard work of providing direct access to AP
devices.
AP Architectural Overview:
AP Architectural Overview
=========================
To facilitate the comprehension of the design, let's start with some
definitions:
......@@ -31,13 +36,13 @@ definitions:
in the LPAR, the AP bus detects the AP adapter cards assigned to the LPAR and
creates a sysfs device for each assigned adapter. For example, if AP adapters
4 and 10 (0x0a) are assigned to the LPAR, the AP bus will create the following
sysfs device entries:
sysfs device entries::
/sys/devices/ap/card04
/sys/devices/ap/card0a
Symbolic links to these devices will also be created in the AP bus devices
sub-directory:
sub-directory::
/sys/bus/ap/devices/[card04]
/sys/bus/ap/devices/[card04]
......@@ -84,7 +89,7 @@ definitions:
the cross product of the AP adapter and usage domain numbers detected when the
AP bus module is loaded. For example, if adapters 4 and 10 (0x0a) and usage
domains 6 and 71 (0x47) are assigned to the LPAR, the AP bus will create the
following sysfs entries:
following sysfs entries::
/sys/devices/ap/card04/04.0006
/sys/devices/ap/card04/04.0047
......@@ -92,7 +97,7 @@ definitions:
/sys/devices/ap/card0a/0a.0047
The following symbolic links to these devices will be created in the AP bus
devices subdirectory:
devices subdirectory::
/sys/bus/ap/devices/[04.0006]
/sys/bus/ap/devices/[04.0047]
......@@ -112,7 +117,7 @@ definitions:
domain that is not one of the usage domains, but the modified domain
must be one of the control domains.
AP and SIE:
AP and SIE
==========
Let's now take a look at how AP instructions executed on a guest are interpreted
by the hardware.
......@@ -153,7 +158,7 @@ and 2 and usage domains 5 and 6 are assigned to a guest, the APQNs (1,5), (1,6),
The APQNs can provide secure key functionality - i.e., a private key is stored
on the adapter card for each of its domains - so each APQN must be assigned to
at most one guest or to the linux host.
at most one guest or to the linux host::
Example 1: Valid configuration:
------------------------------
......@@ -181,8 +186,8 @@ at most one guest or to the linux host.
This is an invalid configuration because both guests have access to
APQN (1,6).
The Design:
===========
The Design
==========
The design introduces three new objects:
1. AP matrix device
......@@ -205,43 +210,43 @@ The VFIO AP (vfio_ap) device driver serves the following purposes:
Reserve APQNs for exclusive use of KVM guests
---------------------------------------------
The following block diagram illustrates the mechanism by which APQNs are
reserved:
+------------------+
7 remove | |
+--------------------> cex4queue driver |
| | |
| +------------------+
|
|
| +------------------+ +-----------------+
| 5 register driver | | 3 create | |
| +----------------> Device core +----------> matrix device |
| | | | | |
| | +--------^---------+ +-----------------+
| | |
| | +-------------------+
| | +-----------------------------------+ |
| | | 4 register AP driver | | 2 register device
| | | | |
+--------+---+-v---+ +--------+-------+-+
| | | |
| ap_bus +--------------------- > vfio_ap driver |
| | 8 probe | |
+--------^---------+ +--^--^------------+
6 edit | | |
apmask | +-----------------------------+ | 9 mdev create
aqmask | | 1 modprobe |
+--------+-----+---+ +----------------+-+ +------------------+
| | | |8 create | mediated |
| admin | | VFIO device core |---------> matrix |
| + | | | device |
+------+-+---------+ +--------^---------+ +--------^---------+
| | | |
| | 9 create vfio_ap-passthrough | |
| +------------------------------+ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
10 assign adapter/domain/control domain
reserved::
+------------------+
7 remove | |
+--------------------> cex4queue driver |
| | |
| +------------------+
|
|
| +------------------+ +----------------+
| 5 register driver | | 3 create | |
| +----------------> Device core +----------> matrix device |
| | | | | |
| | +--------^---------+ +----------------+
| | |
| | +-------------------+
| | +-----------------------------------+ |
| | | 4 register AP driver | | 2 register device
| | | | |
+--------+---+-v---+ +--------+-------+-+
| | | |
| ap_bus +--------------------- > vfio_ap driver |
| | 8 probe | |
+--------^---------+ +--^--^------------+
6 edit | | |
apmask | +-----------------------------+ | 9 mdev create
aqmask | | 1 modprobe |
+--------+-----+---+ +----------------+-+ +----------------+
| | | |8 create | mediated |
| admin | | VFIO device core |---------> matrix |
| + | | | device |
+------+-+---------+ +--------^---------+ +--------^-------+
| | | |
| | 9 create vfio_ap-passthrough | |
| +------------------------------+ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
10 assign adapter/domain/control domain
The process for reserving an AP queue for use by a KVM guest is:
......@@ -250,7 +255,7 @@ The process for reserving an AP queue for use by a KVM guest is:
device with the device core. This will serve as the parent device for
all mediated matrix devices used to configure an AP matrix for a guest.
3. The /sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix device is created by the device core
4 The vfio_ap device driver will register with the AP bus for AP queue devices
4. The vfio_ap device driver will register with the AP bus for AP queue devices
of type 10 and higher (CEX4 and newer). The driver will provide the vfio_ap
driver's probe and remove callback interfaces. Devices older than CEX4 queues
are not supported to simplify the implementation by not needlessly
......@@ -266,13 +271,14 @@ The process for reserving an AP queue for use by a KVM guest is:
it.
9. The administrator creates a passthrough type mediated matrix device to be
used by a guest
10 The administrator assigns the adapters, usage domains and control domains
to be exclusively used by a guest.
10. The administrator assigns the adapters, usage domains and control domains
to be exclusively used by a guest.
Set up the VFIO mediated device interfaces
------------------------------------------
The VFIO AP device driver utilizes the common interface of the VFIO mediated
device core driver to:
* Register an AP mediated bus driver to add a mediated matrix device to and
remove it from a VFIO group.
* Create and destroy a mediated matrix device
......@@ -280,25 +286,25 @@ device core driver to:
* Add a mediated matrix device to and remove it from an IOMMU group
The following high-level block diagram shows the main components and interfaces
of the VFIO AP mediated matrix device driver:
+-------------+
| |
| +---------+ | mdev_register_driver() +--------------+
| | Mdev | +<-----------------------+ |
| | bus | | | vfio_mdev.ko |
| | driver | +----------------------->+ |<-> VFIO user
| +---------+ | probe()/remove() +--------------+ APIs
| |
| MDEV CORE |
| MODULE |
| mdev.ko |
| +---------+ | mdev_register_device() +--------------+
| |Physical | +<-----------------------+ |
| | device | | | vfio_ap.ko |<-> matrix
| |interface| +----------------------->+ | device
| +---------+ | callback +--------------+
+-------------+
of the VFIO AP mediated matrix device driver::
+-------------+
| |
| +---------+ | mdev_register_driver() +--------------+
| | Mdev | +<-----------------------+ |
| | bus | | | vfio_mdev.ko |
| | driver | +----------------------->+ |<-> VFIO user
| +---------+ | probe()/remove() +--------------+ APIs
| |
| MDEV CORE |
| MODULE |
| mdev.ko |
| +---------+ | mdev_register_device() +--------------+
| |Physical | +<-----------------------+ |
| | device | | | vfio_ap.ko |<-> matrix
| |interface| +----------------------->+ | device
| +---------+ | callback +--------------+
+-------------+
During initialization of the vfio_ap module, the matrix device is registered
with an 'mdev_parent_ops' structure that provides the sysfs attribute
......@@ -306,7 +312,8 @@ structures, mdev functions and callback interfaces for managing the mediated
matrix device.
* sysfs attribute structures:
* supported_type_groups
supported_type_groups
The VFIO mediated device framework supports creation of user-defined
mediated device types. These mediated device types are specified
via the 'supported_type_groups' structure when a device is registered
......@@ -318,61 +325,72 @@ matrix device.
The VFIO AP device driver will register one mediated device type for
passthrough devices:
/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/mdev_supported_types/vfio_ap-passthrough
Only the read-only attributes required by the VFIO mdev framework will
be provided:
... name
... device_api
... available_instances
... device_api
Where:
* name: specifies the name of the mediated device type
* device_api: the mediated device type's API
* available_instances: the number of mediated matrix passthrough devices
that can be created
* device_api: specifies the VFIO API
* mdev_attr_groups
be provided::
... name
... device_api
... available_instances
... device_api
Where:
* name:
specifies the name of the mediated device type
* device_api:
the mediated device type's API
* available_instances:
the number of mediated matrix passthrough devices
that can be created
* device_api:
specifies the VFIO API
mdev_attr_groups
This attribute group identifies the user-defined sysfs attributes of the
mediated device. When a device is registered with the VFIO mediated device
framework, the sysfs attribute files identified in the 'mdev_attr_groups'
structure will be created in the mediated matrix device's directory. The
sysfs attributes for a mediated matrix device are:
* assign_adapter:
* unassign_adapter:
assign_adapter / unassign_adapter:
Write-only attributes for assigning/unassigning an AP adapter to/from the
mediated matrix device. To assign/unassign an adapter, the APID of the
adapter is echoed to the respective attribute file.
* assign_domain:
* unassign_domain:
assign_domain / unassign_domain:
Write-only attributes for assigning/unassigning an AP usage domain to/from
the mediated matrix device. To assign/unassign a domain, the domain
number of the the usage domain is echoed to the respective attribute
file.
* matrix:
matrix:
A read-only file for displaying the APQNs derived from the cross product
of the adapter and domain numbers assigned to the mediated matrix device.
* assign_control_domain:
* unassign_control_domain:
assign_control_domain / unassign_control_domain:
Write-only attributes for assigning/unassigning an AP control domain
to/from the mediated matrix device. To assign/unassign a control domain,
the ID of the domain to be assigned/unassigned is echoed to the respective
attribute file.
* control_domains:
control_domains:
A read-only file for displaying the control domain numbers assigned to the
mediated matrix device.
* functions:
* create:
create:
allocates the ap_matrix_mdev structure used by the vfio_ap driver to:
* Store the reference to the KVM structure for the guest using the mdev
* Store the AP matrix configuration for the adapters, domains, and control
domains assigned via the corresponding sysfs attributes files
* remove:
remove:
deallocates the mediated matrix device's ap_matrix_mdev structure. This will
be allowed only if a running guest is not using the mdev.
* callback interfaces
* open:
open:
The vfio_ap driver uses this callback to register a
VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY_SET_KVM notifier callback function for the mdev matrix
device. The open is invoked when QEMU connects the VFIO iommu group
......@@ -380,16 +398,17 @@ matrix device.
to configure the KVM guest is provided via this callback. The KVM structure,
is used to configure the guest's access to the AP matrix defined via the
mediated matrix device's sysfs attribute files.
* release:
release:
unregisters the VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY_SET_KVM notifier callback function for the
mdev matrix device and deconfigures the guest's AP matrix.
Configure the APM, AQM and ADM in the CRYCB:
Configure the APM, AQM and ADM in the CRYCB
-------------------------------------------
Configuring the AP matrix for a KVM guest will be performed when the
VFIO_GROUP_NOTIFY_SET_KVM notifier callback is invoked. The notifier
function is called when QEMU connects to KVM. The guest's AP matrix is
configured via it's CRYCB by:
* Setting the bits in the APM corresponding to the APIDs assigned to the
mediated matrix device via its 'assign_adapter' interface.
* Setting the bits in the AQM corresponding to the domains assigned to the
......@@ -418,12 +437,12 @@ available to a KVM guest via the following CPU model features:
Note: If the user chooses to specify a CPU model different than the 'host'
model to QEMU, the CPU model features and facilities need to be turned on
explicitly; for example:
explicitly; for example::
/usr/bin/qemu-system-s390x ... -cpu z13,ap=on,apqci=on,apft=on
A guest can be precluded from using AP features/facilities by turning them off
explicitly; for example:
explicitly; for example::
/usr/bin/qemu-system-s390x ... -cpu host,ap=off,apqci=off,apft=off
......@@ -435,7 +454,7 @@ the APFT facility is not installed on the guest, then the probe of device
drivers will fail since only type 10 and newer devices can be configured for
guest use.
Example:
Example
=======
Let's now provide an example to illustrate how KVM guests may be given
access to AP facilities. For this example, we will show how to configure
......@@ -444,30 +463,36 @@ look like this:
Guest1
------
=========== ===== ============
CARD.DOMAIN TYPE MODE
------------------------------
=========== ===== ============
05 CEX5C CCA-Coproc
05.0004 CEX5C CCA-Coproc
05.00ab CEX5C CCA-Coproc
06 CEX5A Accelerator
06.0004 CEX5A Accelerator
06.00ab CEX5C CCA-Coproc
=========== ===== ============
Guest2
------
=========== ===== ============
CARD.DOMAIN TYPE MODE
------------------------------
=========== ===== ============
05 CEX5A Accelerator
05.0047 CEX5A Accelerator
05.00ff CEX5A Accelerator
=========== ===== ============
Guest2
------
=========== ===== ============
CARD.DOMAIN TYPE MODE
------------------------------
=========== ===== ============
06 CEX5A Accelerator
06.0047 CEX5A Accelerator
06.00ff CEX5A Accelerator
=========== ===== ============
These are the steps:
......@@ -492,25 +517,26 @@ These are the steps:
* VFIO_MDEV_DEVICE
* KVM
If using make menuconfig select the following to build the vfio_ap module:
-> Device Drivers
-> IOMMU Hardware Support
select S390 AP IOMMU Support
-> VFIO Non-Privileged userspace driver framework
-> Mediated device driver frramework
-> VFIO driver for Mediated devices
-> I/O subsystem
-> VFIO support for AP devices
If using make menuconfig select the following to build the vfio_ap module::
-> Device Drivers
-> IOMMU Hardware Support
select S390 AP IOMMU Support
-> VFIO Non-Privileged userspace driver framework
-> Mediated device driver frramework
-> VFIO driver for Mediated devices
-> I/O subsystem
-> VFIO support for AP devices
2. Secure the AP queues to be used by the three guests so that the host can not
access them. To secure them, there are two sysfs files that specify
bitmasks marking a subset of the APQN range as 'usable by the default AP
queue device drivers' or 'not usable by the default device drivers' and thus
available for use by the vfio_ap device driver'. The location of the sysfs
files containing the masks are:
files containing the masks are::
/sys/bus/ap/apmask
/sys/bus/ap/aqmask
/sys/bus/ap/apmask
/sys/bus/ap/aqmask
The 'apmask' is a 256-bit mask that identifies a set of AP adapter IDs
(APID). Each bit in the mask, from left to right (i.e., from most significant
......@@ -526,7 +552,7 @@ These are the steps:
queue device drivers; otherwise, the APQI is usable by the vfio_ap device
driver.
Take, for example, the following mask:
Take, for example, the following mask::
0x7dffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
......@@ -548,68 +574,70 @@ These are the steps:
respective sysfs mask file in one of two formats:
* An absolute hex string starting with 0x - like "0x12345678" - sets
the mask. If the given string is shorter than the mask, it is padded
with 0s on the right; for example, specifying a mask value of 0x41 is
the same as specifying:
the mask. If the given string is shorter than the mask, it is padded
with 0s on the right; for example, specifying a mask value of 0x41 is
the same as specifying::
0x4100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0x4100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Keep in mind that the mask reads from left to right (i.e., most
significant to least significant bit in big endian order), so the mask
above identifies device numbers 1 and 7 (01000001).
Keep in mind that the mask reads from left to right (i.e., most
significant to least significant bit in big endian order), so the mask
above identifies device numbers 1 and 7 (01000001).
If the string is longer than the mask, the operation is terminated with
an error (EINVAL).
If the string is longer than the mask, the operation is terminated with
an error (EINVAL).
* Individual bits in the mask can be switched on and off by specifying
each bit number to be switched in a comma separated list. Each bit
number string must be prepended with a ('+') or minus ('-') to indicate
the corresponding bit is to be switched on ('+') or off ('-'). Some
valid values are:
each bit number to be switched in a comma separated list. Each bit
number string must be prepended with a ('+') or minus ('-') to indicate
the corresponding bit is to be switched on ('+') or off ('-'). Some
valid values are:
"+0" switches bit 0 on
"-13" switches bit 13 off
"+0x41" switches bit 65 on
"-0xff" switches bit 255 off
- "+0" switches bit 0 on
- "-13" switches bit 13 off
- "+0x41" switches bit 65 on
- "-0xff" switches bit 255 off
The following example:
+0,-6,+0x47,-0xf0
The following example:
Switches bits 0 and 71 (0x47) on
Switches bits 6 and 240 (0xf0) off
+0,-6,+0x47,-0xf0
Note that the bits not specified in the list remain as they were before
the operation.
Switches bits 0 and 71 (0x47) on
Switches bits 6 and 240 (0xf0) off
Note that the bits not specified in the list remain as they were before
the operation.
2. The masks can also be changed at boot time via parameters on the kernel
command line like this:
ap.apmask=0xffff ap.aqmask=0x40
ap.apmask=0xffff ap.aqmask=0x40
This would create the following masks:
This would create the following masks::
apmask:
0xffff000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
apmask:
0xffff000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
aqmask:
0x4000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
aqmask:
0x4000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
Resulting in these two pools:
Resulting in these two pools::
default drivers pool: adapter 0-15, domain 1
alternate drivers pool: adapter 16-255, domains 0, 2-255
default drivers pool: adapter 0-15, domain 1
alternate drivers pool: adapter 16-255, domains 0, 2-255
Securing the APQNs for our example:
----------------------------------
Securing the APQNs for our example
----------------------------------
To secure the AP queues 05.0004, 05.0047, 05.00ab, 05.00ff, 06.0004, 06.0047,
06.00ab, and 06.00ff for use by the vfio_ap device driver, the corresponding
APQNs can either be removed from the default masks:
APQNs can either be removed from the default masks::
echo -5,-6 > /sys/bus/ap/apmask
echo -4,-0x47,-0xab,-0xff > /sys/bus/ap/aqmask
Or the masks can be set as follows:
Or the masks can be set as follows::
echo 0xf9ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff \
> apmask
......@@ -620,19 +648,19 @@ These are the steps:
This will result in AP queues 05.0004, 05.0047, 05.00ab, 05.00ff, 06.0004,
06.0047, 06.00ab, and 06.00ff getting bound to the vfio_ap device driver. The
sysfs directory for the vfio_ap device driver will now contain symbolic links
to the AP queue devices bound to it:
/sys/bus/ap
... [drivers]
...... [vfio_ap]
......... [05.0004]
......... [05.0047]
......... [05.00ab]
......... [05.00ff]
......... [06.0004]
......... [06.0047]
......... [06.00ab]
......... [06.00ff]
to the AP queue devices bound to it::
/sys/bus/ap
... [drivers]
...... [vfio_ap]
......... [05.0004]
......... [05.0047]
......... [05.00ab]
......... [05.00ff]
......... [06.0004]
......... [06.0047]
......... [06.00ab]
......... [06.00ff]
Keep in mind that only type 10 and newer adapters (i.e., CEX4 and later)
can be bound to the vfio_ap device driver. The reason for this is to
......@@ -645,96 +673,96 @@ These are the steps:
queue device can be read from the parent card's sysfs directory. For example,
to see the hardware type of the queue 05.0004:
cat /sys/bus/ap/devices/card05/hwtype
cat /sys/bus/ap/devices/card05/hwtype
The hwtype must be 10 or higher (CEX4 or newer) in order to be bound to the
vfio_ap device driver.
3. Create the mediated devices needed to configure the AP matrixes for the
three guests and to provide an interface to the vfio_ap driver for
use by the guests:
use by the guests::
/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/
--- [mdev_supported_types]
------ [vfio_ap-passthrough] (passthrough mediated matrix device type)
--------- create
--------- [devices]
/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/
--- [mdev_supported_types]
------ [vfio_ap-passthrough] (passthrough mediated matrix device type)
--------- create
--------- [devices]
To create the mediated devices for the three guests:
To create the mediated devices for the three guests::
uuidgen > create
uuidgen > create
uuidgen > create
or
or
echo $uuid1 > create
echo $uuid2 > create
echo $uuid3 > create
echo $uuid1 > create
echo $uuid2 > create
echo $uuid3 > create
This will create three mediated devices in the [devices] subdirectory named
after the UUID written to the create attribute file. We call them $uuid1,
$uuid2 and $uuid3 and this is the sysfs directory structure after creation:
/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/
--- [mdev_supported_types]
------ [vfio_ap-passthrough]
--------- [devices]
------------ [$uuid1]
--------------- assign_adapter
--------------- assign_control_domain
--------------- assign_domain
--------------- matrix
--------------- unassign_adapter
--------------- unassign_control_domain
--------------- unassign_domain
------------ [$uuid2]
--------------- assign_adapter
--------------- assign_control_domain
--------------- assign_domain
--------------- matrix
--------------- unassign_adapter
----------------unassign_control_domain
----------------unassign_domain
------------ [$uuid3]
--------------- assign_adapter
--------------- assign_control_domain
--------------- assign_domain
--------------- matrix
--------------- unassign_adapter
----------------unassign_control_domain
----------------unassign_domain
$uuid2 and $uuid3 and this is the sysfs directory structure after creation::
/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/
--- [mdev_supported_types]
------ [vfio_ap-passthrough]
--------- [devices]
------------ [$uuid1]
--------------- assign_adapter
--------------- assign_control_domain
--------------- assign_domain
--------------- matrix
--------------- unassign_adapter
--------------- unassign_control_domain
--------------- unassign_domain
------------ [$uuid2]
--------------- assign_adapter
--------------- assign_control_domain
--------------- assign_domain
--------------- matrix
--------------- unassign_adapter
----------------unassign_control_domain
----------------unassign_domain
------------ [$uuid3]
--------------- assign_adapter
--------------- assign_control_domain
--------------- assign_domain
--------------- matrix
--------------- unassign_adapter
----------------unassign_control_domain
----------------unassign_domain
4. The administrator now needs to configure the matrixes for the mediated
devices $uuid1 (for Guest1), $uuid2 (for Guest2) and $uuid3 (for Guest3).
This is how the matrix is configured for Guest1:
This is how the matrix is configured for Guest1::
echo 5 > assign_adapter
echo 6 > assign_adapter
echo 4 > assign_domain
echo 0xab > assign_domain
Control domains can similarly be assigned using the assign_control_domain
sysfs file.
Control domains can similarly be assigned using the assign_control_domain
sysfs file.
If a mistake is made configuring an adapter, domain or control domain,
you can use the unassign_xxx files to unassign the adapter, domain or
control domain.
If a mistake is made configuring an adapter, domain or control domain,
you can use the unassign_xxx files to unassign the adapter, domain or
control domain.
To display the matrix configuration for Guest1:
To display the matrix configuration for Guest1::
cat matrix
cat matrix
This is how the matrix is configured for Guest2:
This is how the matrix is configured for Guest2::
echo 5 > assign_adapter
echo 0x47 > assign_domain
echo 0xff > assign_domain
This is how the matrix is configured for Guest3:
This is how the matrix is configured for Guest3::
echo 6 > assign_adapter
echo 0x47 > assign_domain
......@@ -783,24 +811,24 @@ These are the steps:
configured for the system. If a control domain number higher than the maximum
is specified, the operation will terminate with an error (ENODEV).
5. Start Guest1:
5. Start Guest1::
/usr/bin/qemu-system-s390x ... -cpu host,ap=on,apqci=on,apft=on \
-device vfio-ap,sysfsdev=/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/$uuid1 ...
/usr/bin/qemu-system-s390x ... -cpu host,ap=on,apqci=on,apft=on \
-device vfio-ap,sysfsdev=/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/$uuid1 ...
7. Start Guest2:
7. Start Guest2::
/usr/bin/qemu-system-s390x ... -cpu host,ap=on,apqci=on,apft=on \
-device vfio-ap,sysfsdev=/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/$uuid2 ...
/usr/bin/qemu-system-s390x ... -cpu host,ap=on,apqci=on,apft=on \
-device vfio-ap,sysfsdev=/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/$uuid2 ...
7. Start Guest3:
7. Start Guest3::
/usr/bin/qemu-system-s390x ... -cpu host,ap=on,apqci=on,apft=on \
-device vfio-ap,sysfsdev=/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/$uuid3 ...
/usr/bin/qemu-system-s390x ... -cpu host,ap=on,apqci=on,apft=on \
-device vfio-ap,sysfsdev=/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/$uuid3 ...
When the guest is shut down, the mediated matrix devices may be removed.
Using our example again, to remove the mediated matrix device $uuid1:
Using our example again, to remove the mediated matrix device $uuid1::
/sys/devices/vfio_ap/matrix/
--- [mdev_supported_types]
......@@ -809,18 +837,19 @@ Using our example again, to remove the mediated matrix device $uuid1:
------------ [$uuid1]
--------------- remove
::
echo 1 > remove
This will remove all of the mdev matrix device's sysfs structures including
the mdev device itself. To recreate and reconfigure the mdev matrix device,
all of the steps starting with step 3 will have to be performed again. Note
that the remove will fail if a guest using the mdev is still running.
This will remove all of the mdev matrix device's sysfs structures including
the mdev device itself. To recreate and reconfigure the mdev matrix device,
all of the steps starting with step 3 will have to be performed again. Note
that the remove will fail if a guest using the mdev is still running.
It is not necessary to remove an mdev matrix device, but one may want to
remove it if no guest will use it during the remaining lifetime of the linux
host. If the mdev matrix device is removed, one may want to also reconfigure
the pool of adapters and queues reserved for use by the default drivers.
It is not necessary to remove an mdev matrix device, but one may want to
remove it if no guest will use it during the remaining lifetime of the linux
host. If the mdev matrix device is removed, one may want to also reconfigure
the pool of adapters and queues reserved for use by the default drivers.
Limitations
===========
......
Documentation/s390/vfio-ccw.txt → Documentation/s390/vfio-ccw.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
==================================
vfio-ccw: the basic infrastructure
==================================
......@@ -11,9 +12,11 @@ virtual machine, while vfio is the means.
Different than other hardware architectures, s390 has defined a unified
I/O access method, which is so called Channel I/O. It has its own access
patterns:
- Channel programs run asynchronously on a separate (co)processor.
- The channel subsystem will access any memory designated by the caller
in the channel program directly, i.e. there is no iommu involved.
Thus when we introduce vfio support for these devices, we realize it
with a mediated device (mdev) implementation. The vfio mdev will be
added to an iommu group, so as to make itself able to be managed by the
......@@ -24,6 +27,7 @@ to perform I/O instructions.
This document does not intend to explain the s390 I/O architecture in
every detail. More information/reference could be found here:
- A good start to know Channel I/O in general:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_I/O
- s390 architecture:
......@@ -80,6 +84,7 @@ until interrupted. The I/O completion result is received by the
interrupt handler in the form of interrupt response block (IRB).
Back to vfio-ccw, in short:
- ORBs and channel programs are built in guest kernel (with guest
physical addresses).
- ORBs and channel programs are passed to the host kernel.
......@@ -106,6 +111,7 @@ it gets sent to hardware.
Within this implementation, we have two drivers for two types of
devices:
- The vfio_ccw driver for the physical subchannel device.
This is an I/O subchannel driver for the real subchannel device. It
realizes a group of callbacks and registers to the mdev framework as a
......@@ -137,7 +143,7 @@ devices:
vfio_pin_pages and a vfio_unpin_pages interfaces from the vfio iommu
backend for the physical devices to pin and unpin pages by demand.
Below is a high Level block diagram.
Below is a high Level block diagram::
+-------------+
| |
......@@ -158,6 +164,7 @@ Below is a high Level block diagram.
+-------------+
The process of how these work together.
1. vfio_ccw.ko drives the physical I/O subchannel, and registers the
physical device (with callbacks) to mdev framework.
When vfio_ccw probing the subchannel device, it registers device
......@@ -178,17 +185,17 @@ vfio-ccw I/O region
An I/O region is used to accept channel program request from user
space and store I/O interrupt result for user space to retrieve. The
definition of the region is:
struct ccw_io_region {
#define ORB_AREA_SIZE 12
__u8 orb_area[ORB_AREA_SIZE];
#define SCSW_AREA_SIZE 12
__u8 scsw_area[SCSW_AREA_SIZE];
#define IRB_AREA_SIZE 96
__u8 irb_area[IRB_AREA_SIZE];
__u32 ret_code;
} __packed;
definition of the region is::
struct ccw_io_region {
#define ORB_AREA_SIZE 12
__u8 orb_area[ORB_AREA_SIZE];
#define SCSW_AREA_SIZE 12
__u8 scsw_area[SCSW_AREA_SIZE];
#define IRB_AREA_SIZE 96
__u8 irb_area[IRB_AREA_SIZE];
__u32 ret_code;
} __packed;
While starting an I/O request, orb_area should be filled with the
guest ORB, and scsw_area should be filled with the SCSW of the Virtual
......@@ -205,7 +212,7 @@ vfio-ccw follows what vfio-pci did on the s390 platform and uses
vfio-iommu-type1 as the vfio iommu backend.
* CCW translation APIs
A group of APIs (start with 'cp_') to do CCW translation. The CCWs
A group of APIs (start with `cp_`) to do CCW translation. The CCWs
passed in by a user space program are organized with their guest
physical memory addresses. These APIs will copy the CCWs into kernel
space, and assemble a runnable kernel channel program by updating the
......@@ -217,12 +224,14 @@ vfio-iommu-type1 as the vfio iommu backend.
This driver utilizes the CCW translation APIs and introduces
vfio_ccw, which is the driver for the I/O subchannel devices you want
to pass through.
vfio_ccw implements the following vfio ioctls:
vfio_ccw implements the following vfio ioctls::
VFIO_DEVICE_GET_INFO
VFIO_DEVICE_GET_IRQ_INFO
VFIO_DEVICE_GET_REGION_INFO
VFIO_DEVICE_RESET
VFIO_DEVICE_SET_IRQS
This provides an I/O region, so that the user space program can pass a
channel program to the kernel, to do further CCW translation before
issuing them to a real device.
......@@ -236,32 +245,49 @@ bit more detail how an I/O request triggered by the QEMU guest will be
handled (without error handling).
Explanation:
Q1-Q7: QEMU side process.
K1-K5: Kernel side process.
Q1. Get I/O region info during initialization.
Q2. Setup event notifier and handler to handle I/O completion.
- Q1-Q7: QEMU side process.
- K1-K5: Kernel side process.
Q1.
Get I/O region info during initialization.
Q2.
Setup event notifier and handler to handle I/O completion.
... ...
Q3. Intercept a ssch instruction.
Q4. Write the guest channel program and ORB to the I/O region.
K1. Copy from guest to kernel.
K2. Translate the guest channel program to a host kernel space
channel program, which becomes runnable for a real device.
K3. With the necessary information contained in the orb passed in
by QEMU, issue the ccwchain to the device.
K4. Return the ssch CC code.
Q5. Return the CC code to the guest.
Q3.
Intercept a ssch instruction.
Q4.
Write the guest channel program and ORB to the I/O region.
K1.
Copy from guest to kernel.
K2.
Translate the guest channel program to a host kernel space
channel program, which becomes runnable for a real device.
K3.
With the necessary information contained in the orb passed in
by QEMU, issue the ccwchain to the device.
K4.
Return the ssch CC code.
Q5.
Return the CC code to the guest.
... ...
K5. Interrupt handler gets the I/O result and write the result to
the I/O region.
K6. Signal QEMU to retrieve the result.
Q6. Get the signal and event handler reads out the result from the I/O
K5.
Interrupt handler gets the I/O result and write the result to
the I/O region.
K6.
Signal QEMU to retrieve the result.
Q6.
Get the signal and event handler reads out the result from the I/O
region.
Q7. Update the irb for the guest.
Q7.
Update the irb for the guest.
Limitations
-----------
......@@ -295,6 +321,6 @@ Reference
1. ESA/s390 Principles of Operation manual (IBM Form. No. SA22-7832)
2. ESA/390 Common I/O Device Commands manual (IBM Form. No. SA22-7204)
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_I/O
4. Documentation/s390/cds.txt
4. Documentation/s390/cds.rst
5. Documentation/vfio.txt
6. Documentation/vfio-mediated-device.txt
Documentation/s390/zfcpdump.txt → Documentation/s390/zfcpdump.rst
View file @ 8b4a503d
==================================
The s390 SCSI dump tool (zfcpdump)
==================================
System z machines (z900 or higher) provide hardware support for creating system
dumps on SCSI disks. The dump process is initiated by booting a dump tool, which
......
MAINTAINERS
View file @ 8b4a503d
......@@ -13703,7 +13703,7 @@ L: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
L: kvm@vger.kernel.org
S: Supported
F: drivers/s390/cio/vfio_ccw*
F: Documentation/s390/vfio-ccw.txt
F: Documentation/s390/vfio-ccw.rst
F: include/uapi/linux/vfio_ccw.h
S390 ZCRYPT DRIVER
......@@ -13723,7 +13723,7 @@ S: Supported
F: drivers/s390/crypto/vfio_ap_drv.c
F: drivers/s390/crypto/vfio_ap_private.h
F: drivers/s390/crypto/vfio_ap_ops.c
F: Documentation/s390/vfio-ap.txt
F: Documentation/s390/vfio-ap.rst
S390 ZFCP DRIVER
M: Steffen Maier <maier@linux.ibm.com>
......
arch/s390/Kconfig
View file @ 8b4a503d
......@@ -810,9 +810,9 @@ config CRASH_DUMP
Crash dump kernels are loaded in the main kernel with kexec-tools
into a specially reserved region and then later executed after
a crash by kdump/kexec.
Refer to <file:Documentation/s390/zfcpdump.txt> for more details on this.
Refer to <file:Documentation/s390/zfcpdump.rst> for more details on this.
This option also enables s390 zfcpdump.
See also <file:Documentation/s390/zfcpdump.txt>
See also <file:Documentation/s390/zfcpdump.rst>
endmenu
......
arch/s390/include/asm/debug.h
View file @ 8b4a503d
......@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ static inline debug_entry_t *debug_text_event(debug_info_t *id, int level,
/*
* IMPORTANT: Use "%s" in sprintf format strings with care! Only pointers are
* stored in the s390dbf. See Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt for more details!
* stored in the s390dbf. See Documentation/s390/s390dbf.rst for more details!
*/
extern debug_entry_t *
__debug_sprintf_event(debug_info_t *id, int level, char *string, ...)
......@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ static inline debug_entry_t *debug_text_exception(debug_info_t *id, int level,
/*
* IMPORTANT: Use "%s" in sprintf format strings with care! Only pointers are
* stored in the s390dbf. See Documentation/s390/s390dbf.txt for more details!
* stored in the s390dbf. See Documentation/s390/s390dbf.rst for more details!
*/
extern debug_entry_t *
__debug_sprintf_exception(debug_info_t *id, int level, char *string, ...)
......
drivers/s390/char/zcore.c
View file @ 8b4a503d
......@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
* dumps on SCSI disks (zfcpdump). The "zcore/mem" debugfs file shows the same
* dump format as s390 standalone dumps.
*
* For more information please refer to Documentation/s390/zfcpdump.txt
* For more information please refer to Documentation/s390/zfcpdump.rst
*
* Copyright IBM Corp. 2003, 2008
* Author(s): Michael Holzheu
......
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