vhost: convert pre sorted vhost memory array to interval tree

Current pre-sorted memory region array has some limitations for future
device IOTLB conversion:

1) need extra work for adding and removing a single region, and it's
   expected to be slow because of sorting or memory re-allocation.
2) need extra work of removing a large range which may intersect
   several regions with different size.
3) need trick for a replacement policy like LRU

To overcome the above shortcomings, this patch convert it to interval
tree which can easily address the above issue with almost no extra
work.

The patch could be used for:

- Extend the current API and only let the userspace to send diffs of
  memory table.
- Simplify Device IOTLB implementation.
Signed-off-by: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>

drivers/vhost/net.c

@@ -1036,20 +1036,20 @@ static long vhost_net_reset_owner(struct vhost_net *n)
 	struct socket *tx_sock = NULL;
 	struct socket *rx_sock = NULL;
 	long err;
-	struct vhost_memory *memory;
+	struct vhost_umem *umem;
 
 	mutex_lock(&n->dev.mutex);
 	err = vhost_dev_check_owner(&n->dev);
 	if (err)
 		goto done;
-	memory = vhost_dev_reset_owner_prepare();
-	if (!memory) {
+	umem = vhost_dev_reset_owner_prepare();
+	if (!umem) {
 		err = -ENOMEM;
 		goto done;
 	}
 	vhost_net_stop(n, &tx_sock, &rx_sock);
 	vhost_net_flush(n);
-	vhost_dev_reset_owner(&n->dev, memory);
+	vhost_dev_reset_owner(&n->dev, umem);
 	vhost_net_vq_reset(n);
 done:
 	mutex_unlock(&n->dev.mutex);

drivers/vhost/vhost.c

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/sort.h>
+#include <linux/interval_tree_generic.h>
 
 #include "vhost.h"
 
@@ -42,6 +43,10 @@ enum {
 #define vhost_used_event(vq) ((__virtio16 __user *)&vq->avail->ring[vq->num])
 #define vhost_avail_event(vq) ((__virtio16 __user *)&vq->used->ring[vq->num])
 
+INTERVAL_TREE_DEFINE(struct vhost_umem_node,
+		     rb, __u64, __subtree_last,
+		     START, LAST, , vhost_umem_interval_tree);
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_CROSS_ENDIAN_LEGACY
 static void vhost_disable_cross_endian(struct vhost_virtqueue *vq)
 {
@@ -297,10 +302,10 @@ static void vhost_vq_reset(struct vhost_dev *dev,
 	vq->call_ctx = NULL;
 	vq->call = NULL;
 	vq->log_ctx = NULL;
-	vq->memory = NULL;
 	vhost_reset_is_le(vq);
 	vhost_disable_cross_endian(vq);
 	vq->busyloop_timeout = 0;
+	vq->umem = NULL;
 }
 
 static int vhost_worker(void *data)
@@ -394,7 +399,7 @@ void vhost_dev_init(struct vhost_dev *dev,
 	mutex_init(&dev->mutex);
 	dev->log_ctx = NULL;
 	dev->log_file = NULL;
-	dev->memory = NULL;
+	dev->umem = NULL;
 	dev->mm = NULL;
 	dev->worker = NULL;
 	init_llist_head(&dev->work_list);
@@ -499,27 +504,36 @@ long vhost_dev_set_owner(struct vhost_dev *dev)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vhost_dev_set_owner);
 
-struct vhost_memory *vhost_dev_reset_owner_prepare(void)
+static void *vhost_kvzalloc(unsigned long size)
 {
-	return kmalloc(offsetof(struct vhost_memory, regions), GFP_KERNEL);
+	void *n = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN | __GFP_REPEAT);
+
+	if (!n)
+		n = vzalloc(size);
+	return n;
+}
+
+struct vhost_umem *vhost_dev_reset_owner_prepare(void)
+{
+	return vhost_kvzalloc(sizeof(struct vhost_umem));
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vhost_dev_reset_owner_prepare);
 
 /* Caller should have device mutex */
-void vhost_dev_reset_owner(struct vhost_dev *dev, struct vhost_memory *memory)
+void vhost_dev_reset_owner(struct vhost_dev *dev, struct vhost_umem *umem)
 {
 	int i;
 
 	vhost_dev_cleanup(dev, true);
 
 	/* Restore memory to default empty mapping. */
-	memory->nregions = 0;
-	dev->memory = memory;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&umem->umem_list);
+	dev->umem = umem;
 	/* We don't need VQ locks below since vhost_dev_cleanup makes sure
 	 * VQs aren't running.
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < dev->nvqs; ++i)
-		dev->vqs[i]->memory = memory;
+		dev->vqs[i]->umem = umem;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vhost_dev_reset_owner);
 
@@ -536,6 +550,21 @@ void vhost_dev_stop(struct vhost_dev *dev)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vhost_dev_stop);
 
+static void vhost_umem_clean(struct vhost_umem *umem)
+{
+	struct vhost_umem_node *node, *tmp;
+
+	if (!umem)
+		return;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(node, tmp, &umem->umem_list, link) {
+		vhost_umem_interval_tree_remove(node, &umem->umem_tree);
+		list_del(&node->link);
+		kvfree(node);
+	}
+	kvfree(umem);
+}
+
 /* Caller should have device mutex if and only if locked is set */
 void vhost_dev_cleanup(struct vhost_dev *dev, bool locked)
 {
@@ -562,8 +591,8 @@ void vhost_dev_cleanup(struct vhost_dev *dev, bool locked)
 		fput(dev->log_file);
 	dev->log_file = NULL;
 	/* No one will access memory at this point */
-	kvfree(dev->memory);
-	dev->memory = NULL;
+	vhost_umem_clean(dev->umem);
+	dev->umem = NULL;
 	WARN_ON(!llist_empty(&dev->work_list));
 	if (dev->worker) {
 		kthread_stop(dev->worker);
@@ -589,25 +618,25 @@ static int log_access_ok(void __user *log_base, u64 addr, unsigned long sz)
 }
 
 /* Caller should have vq mutex and device mutex. */
-static int vq_memory_access_ok(void __user *log_base, struct vhost_memory *mem,
+static int vq_memory_access_ok(void __user *log_base, struct vhost_umem *umem,
 			       int log_all)
 {
-	int i;
+	struct vhost_umem_node *node;
 
-	if (!mem)
+	if (!umem)
 		return 0;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < mem->nregions; ++i) {
-		struct vhost_memory_region *m = mem->regions + i;
-		unsigned long a = m->userspace_addr;
-		if (m->memory_size > ULONG_MAX)
+	list_for_each_entry(node, &umem->umem_list, link) {
+		unsigned long a = node->userspace_addr;
+
+		if (node->size > ULONG_MAX)
 			return 0;
 		else if (!access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, (void __user *)a,
-				    m->memory_size))
+				    node->size))
 			return 0;
 		else if (log_all && !log_access_ok(log_base,
-						   m->guest_phys_addr,
-						   m->memory_size))
+						   node->start,
+						   node->size))
 			return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
@@ -615,7 +644,7 @@ static int vq_memory_access_ok(void __user *log_base, struct vhost_memory *mem,
 
 /* Can we switch to this memory table? */
 /* Caller should have device mutex but not vq mutex */
-static int memory_access_ok(struct vhost_dev *d, struct vhost_memory *mem,
+static int memory_access_ok(struct vhost_dev *d, struct vhost_umem *umem,
 			    int log_all)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -628,7 +657,8 @@ static int memory_access_ok(struct vhost_dev *d, struct vhost_memory *mem,
 		log = log_all || vhost_has_feature(d->vqs[i], VHOST_F_LOG_ALL);
 		/* If ring is inactive, will check when it's enabled. */
 		if (d->vqs[i]->private_data)
-			ok = vq_memory_access_ok(d->vqs[i]->log_base, mem, log);
+			ok = vq_memory_access_ok(d->vqs[i]->log_base,
+						 umem, log);
 		else
 			ok = 1;
 		mutex_unlock(&d->vqs[i]->mutex);
@@ -671,7 +701,7 @@ static int vq_access_ok(struct vhost_virtqueue *vq, unsigned int num,
 /* Caller should have device mutex but not vq mutex */
 int vhost_log_access_ok(struct vhost_dev *dev)
 {
-	return memory_access_ok(dev, dev->memory, 1);
+	return memory_access_ok(dev, dev->umem, 1);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vhost_log_access_ok);
 
@@ -682,7 +712,7 @@ static int vq_log_access_ok(struct vhost_virtqueue *vq,
 {
 	size_t s = vhost_has_feature(vq, VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX) ? 2 : 0;
 
-	return vq_memory_access_ok(log_base, vq->memory,
+	return vq_memory_access_ok(log_base, vq->umem,
 				   vhost_has_feature(vq, VHOST_F_LOG_ALL)) &&
 		(!vq->log_used || log_access_ok(log_base, vq->log_addr,
 					sizeof *vq->used +
@@ -698,28 +728,12 @@ int vhost_vq_access_ok(struct vhost_virtqueue *vq)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vhost_vq_access_ok);
 
-static int vhost_memory_reg_sort_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
-{
-	const struct vhost_memory_region *r1 = p1, *r2 = p2;
-	if (r1->guest_phys_addr < r2->guest_phys_addr)
-		return 1;
-	if (r1->guest_phys_addr > r2->guest_phys_addr)
-		return -1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void *vhost_kvzalloc(unsigned long size)
-{
-	void *n = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN | __GFP_REPEAT);
-
-	if (!n)
-		n = vzalloc(size);
-	return n;
-}
-
 static long vhost_set_memory(struct vhost_dev *d, struct vhost_memory __user *m)
 {
-	struct vhost_memory mem, *newmem, *oldmem;
+	struct vhost_memory mem, *newmem;
+	struct vhost_memory_region *region;
+	struct vhost_umem_node *node;
+	struct vhost_umem *newumem, *oldumem;
 	unsigned long size = offsetof(struct vhost_memory, regions);
 	int i;
 
@@ -739,24 +753,52 @@ static long vhost_set_memory(struct vhost_dev *d, struct vhost_memory __user *m)
 		kvfree(newmem);
 		return -EFAULT;
 	}
-	sort(newmem->regions, newmem->nregions, sizeof(*newmem->regions),
-		vhost_memory_reg_sort_cmp, NULL);
 
-	if (!memory_access_ok(d, newmem, 0)) {
+	newumem = vhost_kvzalloc(sizeof(*newumem));
+	if (!newumem) {
 		kvfree(newmem);
-		return -EFAULT;
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	newumem->umem_tree = RB_ROOT;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&newumem->umem_list);
+
+	for (region = newmem->regions;
+	     region < newmem->regions + mem.nregions;
+	     region++) {
+		node = vhost_kvzalloc(sizeof(*node));
+		if (!node)
+			goto err;
+		node->start = region->guest_phys_addr;
+		node->size = region->memory_size;
+		node->last = node->start + node->size - 1;
+		node->userspace_addr = region->userspace_addr;
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->link);
+		list_add_tail(&node->link, &newumem->umem_list);
+		vhost_umem_interval_tree_insert(node, &newumem->umem_tree);
 	}
-	oldmem = d->memory;
-	d->memory = newmem;
+
+	if (!memory_access_ok(d, newumem, 0))
+		goto err;
+
+	oldumem = d->umem;
+	d->umem = newumem;
 
 	/* All memory accesses are done under some VQ mutex. */
 	for (i = 0; i < d->nvqs; ++i) {
 		mutex_lock(&d->vqs[i]->mutex);
-		d->vqs[i]->memory = newmem;
+		d->vqs[i]->umem = newumem;
 		mutex_unlock(&d->vqs[i]->mutex);
 	}
-	kvfree(oldmem);
+
+	kvfree(newmem);
+	vhost_umem_clean(oldumem);
 	return 0;
+
+err:
+	vhost_umem_clean(newumem);
+	kvfree(newmem);
+	return -EFAULT;
 }
 
 long vhost_vring_ioctl(struct vhost_dev *d, int ioctl, void __user *argp)
@@ -1059,28 +1101,6 @@ long vhost_dev_ioctl(struct vhost_dev *d, unsigned int ioctl, void __user *argp)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vhost_dev_ioctl);
 
-static const struct vhost_memory_region *find_region(struct vhost_memory *mem,
-						     __u64 addr, __u32 len)
-{
-	const struct vhost_memory_region *reg;
-	int start = 0, end = mem->nregions;
-
-	while (start < end) {
-		int slot = start + (end - start) / 2;
-		reg = mem->regions + slot;
-		if (addr >= reg->guest_phys_addr)
-			end = slot;
-		else
-			start = slot + 1;
-	}
-
-	reg = mem->regions + start;
-	if (addr >= reg->guest_phys_addr &&
-		reg->guest_phys_addr + reg->memory_size > addr)
-		return reg;
-	return NULL;
-}
-
 /* TODO: This is really inefficient.  We need something like get_user()
  * (instruction directly accesses the data, with an exception table entry
  * returning -EFAULT). See Documentation/x86/exception-tables.txt.
@@ -1231,29 +1251,29 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vhost_vq_init_access);
 static int translate_desc(struct vhost_virtqueue *vq, u64 addr, u32 len,
 			  struct iovec iov[], int iov_size)
 {
-	const struct vhost_memory_region *reg;
-	struct vhost_memory *mem;
+	const struct vhost_umem_node *node;
+	struct vhost_umem *umem = vq->umem;
 	struct iovec *_iov;
 	u64 s = 0;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	mem = vq->memory;
 	while ((u64)len > s) {
 		u64 size;
 		if (unlikely(ret >= iov_size)) {
 			ret = -ENOBUFS;
 			break;
 		}
-		reg = find_region(mem, addr, len);
-		if (unlikely(!reg)) {
+		node = vhost_umem_interval_tree_iter_first(&umem->umem_tree,
+							addr, addr + len - 1);
+		if (node == NULL || node->start > addr) {
 			ret = -EFAULT;
 			break;
 		}
 		_iov = iov + ret;
-		size = reg->memory_size - addr + reg->guest_phys_addr;
+		size = node->size - addr + node->start;
 		_iov->iov_len = min((u64)len - s, size);
 		_iov->iov_base = (void __user *)(unsigned long)
-			(reg->userspace_addr + addr - reg->guest_phys_addr);
+			(node->userspace_addr + addr - node->start);
 		s += size;
 		addr += size;
 		++ret;

drivers/vhost/vhost.h

@@ -55,6 +55,25 @@ struct vhost_log {
 	u64 len;
 };
 
+#define START(node) ((node)->start)
+#define LAST(node) ((node)->last)
+
+struct vhost_umem_node {
+	struct rb_node rb;
+	struct list_head link;
+	__u64 start;
+	__u64 last;
+	__u64 size;
+	__u64 userspace_addr;
+	__u64 flags_padding;
+	__u64 __subtree_last;
+};
+
+struct vhost_umem {
+	struct rb_root umem_tree;
+	struct list_head umem_list;
+};
+
 /* The virtqueue structure describes a queue attached to a device. */
 struct vhost_virtqueue {
 	struct vhost_dev *dev;
@@ -103,7 +122,7 @@ struct vhost_virtqueue {
 	struct iovec *indirect;
 	struct vring_used_elem *heads;
 	/* Protected by virtqueue mutex. */
-	struct vhost_memory *memory;
+	struct vhost_umem *umem;
 	void *private_data;
 	u64 acked_features;
 	/* Log write descriptors */
@@ -121,7 +140,6 @@ struct vhost_virtqueue {
 };
 
 struct vhost_dev {
-	struct vhost_memory *memory;
 	struct mm_struct *mm;
 	struct mutex mutex;
 	struct vhost_virtqueue **vqs;
@@ -130,14 +148,15 @@ struct vhost_dev {
 	struct eventfd_ctx *log_ctx;
 	struct llist_head work_list;
 	struct task_struct *worker;
+	struct vhost_umem *umem;
 };
 
 void vhost_dev_init(struct vhost_dev *, struct vhost_virtqueue **vqs, int nvqs);
 long vhost_dev_set_owner(struct vhost_dev *dev);
 bool vhost_dev_has_owner(struct vhost_dev *dev);
 long vhost_dev_check_owner(struct vhost_dev *);
-struct vhost_memory *vhost_dev_reset_owner_prepare(void);
-void vhost_dev_reset_owner(struct vhost_dev *, struct vhost_memory *);
+struct vhost_umem *vhost_dev_reset_owner_prepare(void);
+void vhost_dev_reset_owner(struct vhost_dev *, struct vhost_umem *);
 void vhost_dev_cleanup(struct vhost_dev *, bool locked);
 void vhost_dev_stop(struct vhost_dev *);
 long vhost_dev_ioctl(struct vhost_dev *, unsigned int ioctl, void __user *argp);