genirq: Provide interrupt injection mechanism

Error injection mechanisms need a half ways safe way to inject interrupts as
invoking generic_handle_irq() or the actual device interrupt handler
directly from e.g. a debugfs write is not guaranteed to be safe.

On x86 generic_handle_irq() is unsafe due to the hardware trainwreck which
is the base of x86 interrupt delivery and affinity management.

Move the irq debugfs injection code into a separate function which can be
used by error injection code as well.

The implementation prevents at least that state is corrupted, but it cannot
close a very tiny race window on x86 which might result in a stale and not
serviced device interrupt under very unlikely circumstances.

This is explicitly for debugging and testing and not for production use or
abuse in random driver code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Kuppuswamy Sathyanarayanan <sathyanarayanan.kuppuswamy@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Kuppuswamy Sathyanarayanan <sathyanarayanan.kuppuswamy@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200306130623.990928309@linutronix.de

include/linux/interrupt.h

@@ -248,6 +248,8 @@ extern void enable_percpu_nmi(unsigned int irq, unsigned int type);
 extern int prepare_percpu_nmi(unsigned int irq);
 extern void teardown_percpu_nmi(unsigned int irq);
 
+extern int irq_inject_interrupt(unsigned int irq);
+
 /* The following three functions are for the core kernel use only. */
 extern void suspend_device_irqs(void);
 extern void resume_device_irqs(void);

kernel/irq/Kconfig

@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ config GENERIC_IRQ_MIGRATION
 config AUTO_IRQ_AFFINITY
        bool
 
+# Interrupt injection mechanism
+config GENERIC_IRQ_INJECTION
+	bool
+
 # Tasklet based software resend for pending interrupts on enable_irq()
 config HARDIRQS_SW_RESEND
        bool
@@ -127,6 +131,7 @@ config SPARSE_IRQ
 config GENERIC_IRQ_DEBUGFS
 	bool "Expose irq internals in debugfs"
 	depends on DEBUG_FS
+	select GENERIC_IRQ_INJECTION
 	default n
 	---help---
 

kernel/irq/chip.c

@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ int irq_startup(struct irq_desc *desc, bool resend, bool force)
 		}
 	}
 	if (resend)
-		check_irq_resend(desc);
+		check_irq_resend(desc, false);
 
 	return ret;
 }

kernel/irq/debugfs.c

@@ -190,39 +190,7 @@ static ssize_t irq_debug_write(struct file *file, const char __user *user_buf,
 		return -EFAULT;
 
 	if (!strncmp(buf, "trigger", size)) {
-		unsigned long flags;
-		int err;
-
-		/* Try the HW interface first */
-		err = irq_set_irqchip_state(irq_desc_get_irq(desc),
-					    IRQCHIP_STATE_PENDING, true);
-		if (!err)
-			return count;
-
-		/*
-		 * Otherwise, try to inject via the resend interface,
-		 * which may or may not succeed.
-		 */
-		chip_bus_lock(desc);
-		raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&desc->lock, flags);
-
-		/*
-		 * Don't allow injection when the interrupt is:
-		 *  - Level or NMI type
-		 *  - not activated
-		 *  - replaying already
-		 */
-		if (irq_settings_is_level(desc) ||
-		    !irqd_is_activated(&desc->irq_data) ||
-		    (desc->istate & (IRQS_NMI | IRQS_REPLAY))) {
-			err = -EINVAL;
-		} else {
-			desc->istate |= IRQS_PENDING;
-			err = check_irq_resend(desc);
-		}
-
-		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&desc->lock, flags);
-		chip_bus_sync_unlock(desc);
+		int err = irq_inject_interrupt(irq_desc_get_irq(desc));
 
 		return err ? err : count;
 	}

kernel/irq/internals.h

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ irqreturn_t handle_irq_event_percpu(struct irq_desc *desc);
 irqreturn_t handle_irq_event(struct irq_desc *desc);
 
 /* Resending of interrupts :*/
-int check_irq_resend(struct irq_desc *desc);
+int check_irq_resend(struct irq_desc *desc, bool inject);
 bool irq_wait_for_poll(struct irq_desc *desc);
 void __irq_wake_thread(struct irq_desc *desc, struct irqaction *action);
 

kernel/irq/resend.c

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ static int irq_sw_resend(struct irq_desc *desc)
  *
  * Is called with interrupts disabled and desc->lock held.
  */
-int check_irq_resend(struct irq_desc *desc)
+int check_irq_resend(struct irq_desc *desc, bool inject)
 {
 	int err = 0;
 
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ int check_irq_resend(struct irq_desc *desc)
 	if (desc->istate & IRQS_REPLAY)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
-	if (!(desc->istate & IRQS_PENDING))
+	if (!(desc->istate & IRQS_PENDING) && !inject)
 		return 0;
 
 	desc->istate &= ~IRQS_PENDING;
@@ -122,3 +122,52 @@ int check_irq_resend(struct irq_desc *desc)
 		desc->istate |= IRQS_REPLAY;
 	return err;
 }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_IRQ_INJECTION
+/**
+ * irq_inject_interrupt - Inject an interrupt for testing/error injection
+ * @irq:	The interrupt number
+ *
+ * This function must only be used for debug and testing purposes!
+ *
+ * Especially on x86 this can cause a premature completion of an interrupt
+ * affinity change causing the interrupt line to become stale. Very
+ * unlikely, but possible.
+ *
+ * The injection can fail for various reasons:
+ * - Interrupt is not activated
+ * - Interrupt is NMI type or currently replaying
+ * - Interrupt is level type
+ * - Interrupt does not support hardware retrigger and software resend is
+ *   either not enabled or not possible for the interrupt.
+ */
+int irq_inject_interrupt(unsigned int irq)
+{
+	struct irq_desc *desc;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int err;
+
+	/* Try the state injection hardware interface first */
+	if (!irq_set_irqchip_state(irq, IRQCHIP_STATE_PENDING, true))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* That failed, try via the resend mechanism */
+	desc = irq_get_desc_buslock(irq, &flags, 0);
+	if (!desc)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Only try to inject when the interrupt is:
+	 *  - not NMI type
+	 *  - activated
+	 */
+	if ((desc->istate & IRQS_NMI) || !irqd_is_activated(&desc->irq_data))
+		err = -EINVAL;
+	else
+		err = check_irq_resend(desc, true);
+
+	irq_put_desc_busunlock(desc, flags);
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(irq_inject_interrupt);
+#endif