USB: misc: Add onboard_usb_hub driver

The main issue this driver addresses is that a USB hub needs to be
powered before it can be discovered. For discrete onboard hubs (an
example for such a hub is the Realtek RTS5411) this is often solved
by supplying the hub with an 'always-on' regulator, which is kind
of a hack. Some onboard hubs may require further initialization
steps, like changing the state of a GPIO or enabling a clock, which
requires even more hacks. This driver creates a platform device
representing the hub which performs the necessary initialization.
Currently it only supports switching on a single regulator, support
for multiple regulators or other actions can be added as needed.
Different initialization sequences can be supported based on the
compatible string.

Besides performing the initialization the driver can be configured
to power the hub off during system suspend. This can help to extend
battery life on battery powered devices which have no requirements
to keep the hub powered during suspend. The driver can also be
configured to leave the hub powered when a wakeup capable USB device
is connected when suspending, and power it off otherwise.

Technically the driver consists of two drivers, the platform driver
described above and a very thin USB driver that subclasses the
generic driver. The purpose of this driver is to provide the platform
driver with the USB devices corresponding to the hub(s) (a hub
controller may provide multiple 'logical' hubs, e.g. one to support
USB 2.0 and another for USB 3.x).

Note: the current series only supports hubs connected directly to
a root hub (through xhci-plat), support for other configurations
could be added if needed.
Co-developed-by: Ravi Chandra Sadineni <ravisadineni@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Signed-off-by: Ravi Chandra Sadineni <ravisadineni@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210609150159.v12.2.I7c9a1f1d6ced41dd8310e8a03da666a32364e790@changeidSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-platform-onboard-usb-hub

+What:		/sys/bus/platform/devices/<dev>/always_powered_in_suspend
+Date:		March 2021
+KernelVersion:	5.13
+Contact:	Matthias Kaehlcke <matthias@kaehlcke.net>
+		linux-usb@vger.kernel.org
+Description:
+		(RW) Controls whether the USB hub remains always powered
+		during system suspend or not.
\ No newline at end of file

MAINTAINERS

@@ -13622,6 +13622,13 @@ S:	Maintained
 T:	git git://linuxtv.org/media_tree.git
 F:	drivers/media/i2c/ov9734.c
 
+ONBOARD USB HUB DRIVER
+M:	Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>
+L:	linux-usb@vger.kernel.org
+S:	Maintained
+F:	Documentation/devicetree/bindings/usb/onboard_usb_hub.yaml
+F:	drivers/usb/misc/onboard_usb_hub.c
+
 ONENAND FLASH DRIVER
 M:	Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
 L:	linux-mtd@lists.infradead.org

drivers/usb/misc/Kconfig

@@ -284,3 +284,20 @@ config BRCM_USB_PINMAP
 	  This option enables support for remapping some USB external
 	  signals, which are typically on dedicated pins on the chip,
 	  to any gpio.
+
+config USB_ONBOARD_HUB
+	tristate "Onboard USB hub support"
+	depends on OF || COMPILE_TEST
+	help
+	  Say Y here if you want to support discrete onboard USB hubs that
+	  don't require an additional control bus for initialization, but
+	  need some nontrivial form of initialization, such as enabling a
+	  power regulator. An example for such a hub is the Realtek
+	  RTS5411.
+
+	  The driver can be configured to turn off the power of the hub
+	  during system suspend. This may reduce power consumption while
+	  the system is suspended.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the
+	  module will be called onboard_usb_hub.

drivers/usb/misc/Makefile

@@ -32,3 +32,4 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_USB_CHAOSKEY)		+= chaoskey.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_USB_SISUSBVGA)		+= sisusbvga/
 obj-$(CONFIG_USB_LINK_LAYER_TEST)	+= lvstest.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_BRCM_USB_PINMAP)		+= brcmstb-usb-pinmap.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_USB_ONBOARD_HUB)		+= onboard_usb_hub.o

drivers/usb/misc/onboard_usb_hub.c

+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ *  Driver for onboard USB hubs
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020, Google LLC
+ */
+
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/of.h>
+#include <linux/of_platform.h>
+#include <linux/platform_device.h>
+#include <linux/regulator/consumer.h>
+#include <linux/suspend.h>
+#include <linux/sysfs.h>
+#include <linux/usb.h>
+#include <linux/usb/hcd.h>
+#include <linux/usb/of.h>
+#include <linux/usb/onboard_hub.h>
+
+static struct usb_device_driver onboard_hub_usbdev_driver;
+
+/************************** Platform driver **************************/
+
+struct udev_node {
+	struct usb_device *udev;
+	struct list_head list;
+};
+
+struct onboard_hub {
+	struct regulator *vdd;
+	struct device *dev;
+	bool always_powered_in_suspend;
+	bool is_powered_on;
+	bool going_away;
+	struct list_head udev_list;
+	struct mutex lock;
+};
+
+static int onboard_hub_power_on(struct onboard_hub *hub)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = regulator_enable(hub->vdd);
+	if (err) {
+		dev_err(hub->dev, "failed to enable regulator: %d\n", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	hub->is_powered_on = true;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int onboard_hub_power_off(struct onboard_hub *hub)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = regulator_disable(hub->vdd);
+	if (err) {
+		dev_err(hub->dev, "failed to disable regulator: %d\n", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	hub->is_powered_on = false;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __maybe_unused onboard_hub_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct onboard_hub *hub = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct udev_node *node;
+	bool power_off;
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	if (hub->always_powered_in_suspend)
+		return 0;
+
+	power_off = true;
+
+	mutex_lock(&hub->lock);
+
+	list_for_each_entry(node, &hub->udev_list, list) {
+		if (!device_may_wakeup(node->udev->bus->controller))
+			continue;
+
+		if (usb_wakeup_enabled_descendants(node->udev)) {
+			power_off = false;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&hub->lock);
+
+	if (power_off)
+		rc = onboard_hub_power_off(hub);
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int __maybe_unused onboard_hub_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct onboard_hub *hub = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	int rc = 0;
+
+	if (!hub->is_powered_on)
+		rc = onboard_hub_power_on(hub);
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int onboard_hub_add_usbdev(struct onboard_hub *hub, struct usb_device *udev)
+{
+	struct udev_node *node;
+	char link_name[64];
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&hub->lock);
+
+	if (hub->going_away) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+
+	node = devm_kzalloc(hub->dev, sizeof(*node), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!node) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto unlock;
+	}
+
+	node->udev = udev;
+
+	list_add(&node->list, &hub->udev_list);
+
+	snprintf(link_name, sizeof(link_name), "usb_dev.%s", dev_name(&udev->dev));
+	WARN_ON(sysfs_create_link(&hub->dev->kobj, &udev->dev.kobj, link_name));
+
+unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&hub->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void onboard_hub_remove_usbdev(struct onboard_hub *hub, struct usb_device *udev)
+{
+	struct udev_node *node;
+	char link_name[64];
+
+	snprintf(link_name, sizeof(link_name), "usb_dev.%s", dev_name(&udev->dev));
+	sysfs_remove_link(&hub->dev->kobj, link_name);
+
+	mutex_lock(&hub->lock);
+
+	list_for_each_entry(node, &hub->udev_list, list) {
+		if (node->udev == udev) {
+			list_del(&node->list);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&hub->lock);
+}
+
+static ssize_t always_powered_in_suspend_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
+			   char *buf)
+{
+	struct onboard_hub *hub = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+
+	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", hub->always_powered_in_suspend);
+}
+
+static ssize_t always_powered_in_suspend_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
+			    const char *buf, size_t count)
+{
+	struct onboard_hub *hub = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	bool val;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = kstrtobool(buf, &val);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	hub->always_powered_in_suspend = val;
+
+	return count;
+}
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(always_powered_in_suspend);
+
+static struct attribute *onboard_hub_attrs[] = {
+	&dev_attr_always_powered_in_suspend.attr,
+	NULL,
+};
+ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(onboard_hub);
+
+static int onboard_hub_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
+	struct onboard_hub *hub;
+	int err;
+
+	hub = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*hub), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!hub)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	hub->vdd = devm_regulator_get(dev, "vdd");
+	if (IS_ERR(hub->vdd))
+		return PTR_ERR(hub->vdd);
+
+	hub->dev = dev;
+	mutex_init(&hub->lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&hub->udev_list);
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, hub);
+
+	err = onboard_hub_power_on(hub);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	/*
+	 * The USB driver might have been detached from the USB devices by
+	 * onboard_hub_remove(), make sure to re-attach it if needed.
+	 */
+	err = driver_attach(&onboard_hub_usbdev_driver.drvwrap.driver);
+	if (err) {
+		onboard_hub_power_off(hub);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int onboard_hub_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	struct onboard_hub *hub = dev_get_drvdata(&pdev->dev);
+	struct udev_node *node;
+	struct usb_device *udev;
+
+	hub->going_away = true;
+
+	mutex_lock(&hub->lock);
+
+	/* unbind the USB devices to avoid dangling references to this device */
+	while (!list_empty(&hub->udev_list)) {
+		node = list_first_entry(&hub->udev_list, struct udev_node, list);
+		udev = node->udev;
+
+		/*
+		 * Unbinding the driver will call onboard_hub_remove_usbdev(),
+		 * which acquires hub->lock.  We must release the lock first.
+		 */
+		get_device(&udev->dev);
+		mutex_unlock(&hub->lock);
+		device_release_driver(&udev->dev);
+		put_device(&udev->dev);
+		mutex_lock(&hub->lock);
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&hub->lock);
+
+	return onboard_hub_power_off(hub);
+}
+
+static const struct of_device_id onboard_hub_match[] = {
+	{ .compatible = "usbbda,411" },
+	{ .compatible = "usbbda,5411" },
+	{}
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, onboard_hub_match);
+
+static bool of_is_onboard_usb_hub(const struct device_node *np)
+{
+	return !!of_match_node(onboard_hub_match, np);
+}
+
+static const struct dev_pm_ops __maybe_unused onboard_hub_pm_ops = {
+	SET_LATE_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(onboard_hub_suspend, onboard_hub_resume)
+};
+
+static struct platform_driver onboard_hub_driver = {
+	.probe = onboard_hub_probe,
+	.remove = onboard_hub_remove,
+
+	.driver = {
+		.name = "onboard-usb-hub",
+		.of_match_table = onboard_hub_match,
+		.pm = pm_ptr(&onboard_hub_pm_ops),
+		.dev_groups = onboard_hub_groups,
+	},
+};
+
+/************************** USB driver **************************/
+
+#define VENDOR_ID_REALTEK	0x0bda
+
+/*
+ * Returns the onboard_hub platform device that is associated with the USB
+ * device passed as parameter.
+ */
+static struct onboard_hub *_find_onboard_hub(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct platform_device *pdev;
+	struct device_node *np;
+	phandle ph;
+
+	pdev = of_find_device_by_node(dev->of_node);
+	if (!pdev) {
+		if (of_property_read_u32(dev->of_node, "companion-hub", &ph)) {
+			dev_err(dev, "failed to read 'companion-hub' property\n");
+			return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+		}
+
+		np = of_find_node_by_phandle(ph);
+		if (!np) {
+			dev_err(dev, "failed to find device node for companion hub\n");
+			return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+		}
+
+		pdev = of_find_device_by_node(np);
+		of_node_put(np);
+
+		if (!pdev)
+			return ERR_PTR(-EPROBE_DEFER);
+	}
+
+	put_device(&pdev->dev);
+
+	return dev_get_drvdata(&pdev->dev);
+}
+
+static int onboard_hub_usbdev_probe(struct usb_device *udev)
+{
+	struct device *dev = &udev->dev;
+	struct onboard_hub *hub;
+	int err;
+
+	/* ignore supported hubs without device tree node */
+	if (!dev->of_node)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	hub = _find_onboard_hub(dev);
+	if (IS_ERR(hub))
+		return PTR_ERR(hub);
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, hub);
+
+	err = onboard_hub_add_usbdev(hub, udev);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	err = sysfs_create_link(&udev->dev.kobj, &hub->dev->kobj, "onboard_hub_dev");
+	if (err)
+		dev_warn(&udev->dev, "failed to create symlink to platform device: %d\n", err);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void onboard_hub_usbdev_disconnect(struct usb_device *udev)
+{
+	struct onboard_hub *hub = dev_get_drvdata(&udev->dev);
+
+	sysfs_remove_link(&udev->dev.kobj, "onboard_hub_dev");
+
+	onboard_hub_remove_usbdev(hub, udev);
+}
+
+static const struct usb_device_id onboard_hub_id_table[] = {
+	{ USB_DEVICE(VENDOR_ID_REALTEK, 0x0411) }, /* RTS5411 USB 3.0 */
+	{ USB_DEVICE(VENDOR_ID_REALTEK, 0x5411) }, /* RTS5411 USB 2.0 */
+	{},
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, onboard_hub_id_table);
+
+static struct usb_device_driver onboard_hub_usbdev_driver = {
+
+	.name = "onboard-usb-hub",
+	.probe = onboard_hub_usbdev_probe,
+	.disconnect = onboard_hub_usbdev_disconnect,
+	.generic_subclass = 1,
+	.supports_autosuspend =	1,
+	.id_table = onboard_hub_id_table,
+};
+
+/*** Helpers for creating/destroying platform devices for onboard hubs ***/
+
+struct pdev_list_entry {
+	struct platform_device *pdev;
+	struct list_head node;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Creates a platform device for each supported onboard hub that is connected to
+ * the given parent hub. To keep track of the platform devices they are added to
+ * a list that is owned by the parent hub.
+ */
+void onboard_hub_create_pdevs(struct usb_device *parent_hub, struct list_head *pdev_list)
+{
+	int i;
+	phandle ph;
+	struct device_node *np, *npc;
+	struct platform_device *pdev;
+	struct pdev_list_entry *pdle;
+
+	for (i = 1; i <= parent_hub->maxchild; i++) {
+		np = usb_of_get_device_node(parent_hub, i);
+		if (!np)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!of_is_onboard_usb_hub(np))
+			goto node_put;
+
+		if (of_property_read_u32(np, "companion-hub", &ph))
+			goto node_put;
+
+		npc = of_find_node_by_phandle(ph);
+		if (!npc)
+			goto node_put;
+
+		pdev = of_find_device_by_node(npc);
+		of_node_put(npc);
+
+		if (pdev) {
+			/* the companion hub already has a platform device, nothing to do here */
+			put_device(&pdev->dev);
+			goto node_put;
+		}
+
+		pdev = of_platform_device_create(np, NULL, &parent_hub->dev);
+		if (pdev) {
+			pdle = kzalloc(sizeof(*pdle), GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!pdle)
+				goto node_put;
+
+			INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pdle->node);
+
+			pdle->pdev = pdev;
+			list_add(&pdle->node, pdev_list);
+		} else {
+			dev_err(&parent_hub->dev,
+				"failed to create platform device for onboard hub '%s'\n",
+				of_node_full_name(np));
+		}
+
+node_put:
+		of_node_put(np);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(onboard_hub_create_pdevs);
+
+/*
+ * Destroys the platform devices in the given list and frees the memory associated
+ * with the list entry.
+ */
+void onboard_hub_destroy_pdevs(struct list_head *pdev_list)
+{
+	struct pdev_list_entry *pdle, *tmp;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(pdle, tmp, pdev_list, node) {
+		of_platform_device_destroy(&pdle->pdev->dev, NULL);
+		kfree(pdle);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(onboard_hub_destroy_pdevs);
+
+/************************** Driver (de)registration **************************/
+
+static int __init onboard_hub_init(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = platform_driver_register(&onboard_hub_driver);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = usb_register_device_driver(&onboard_hub_usbdev_driver, THIS_MODULE);
+	if (ret)
+		platform_driver_unregister(&onboard_hub_driver);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+module_init(onboard_hub_init);
+
+static void __exit onboard_hub_exit(void)
+{
+	usb_deregister_device_driver(&onboard_hub_usbdev_driver);
+	platform_driver_unregister(&onboard_hub_driver);
+}
+module_exit(onboard_hub_exit);
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Matthias Kaehlcke <mka@chromium.org>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Driver for discrete onboard USB hubs");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");

include/linux/usb/onboard_hub.h

+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+
+#ifndef __LINUX_USB_ONBOARD_HUB_H
+#define __LINUX_USB_ONBOARD_HUB_H
+
+struct usb_device;
+struct list_head;
+
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_USB_ONBOARD_HUB)
+void onboard_hub_create_pdevs(struct usb_device *parent_hub, struct list_head *pdev_list);
+void onboard_hub_destroy_pdevs(struct list_head *pdev_list);
+#else
+static inline void onboard_hub_create_pdevs(struct usb_device *parent_hub,
+					    struct list_head *pdev_list) {}
+static inline void onboard_hub_destroy_pdevs(struct list_head *pdev_list) {}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __LINUX_USB_ONBOARD_HUB_H */