Merge tag 'xfs-buf-bulk-alloc-tag' of...

Merge tag 'xfs-buf-bulk-alloc-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dgc/linux-xfs into xfs-5.14-merge2

xfs: buffer cache bulk page allocation

This patchset makes use of the new bulk page allocation interface to
reduce the overhead of allocating large numbers of pages in a
loop.

The first two patches are refactoring buffer memory allocation and
converting the uncached buffer path to use the same page allocation
path, followed by converting the page allocation path to use bulk
allocation.

The rest of the patches are then consolidation of the page
allocation and freeing code to simplify the code and remove a chunk
of unnecessary abstraction. This is largely based on a series of
changes made by Christoph Hellwig.

* tag 'xfs-buf-bulk-alloc-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dgc/linux-xfs:
  xfs: merge xfs_buf_allocate_memory
  xfs: cleanup error handling in xfs_buf_get_map
  xfs: get rid of xb_to_gfp()
  xfs: simplify the b_page_count calculation
  xfs: remove ->b_offset handling for page backed buffers
  xfs: move page freeing into _xfs_buf_free_pages()
  xfs: merge _xfs_buf_get_pages()
  xfs: use alloc_pages_bulk_array() for buffers
  xfs: use xfs_buf_alloc_pages for uncached buffers
  xfs: split up xfs_buf_allocate_memory

fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_ag.c

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ xfs_get_aghdr_buf(
 	if (error)
 		return error;
 
-	xfs_buf_zero(bp, 0, BBTOB(bp->b_length));
 	bp->b_bn = blkno;
 	bp->b_maps[0].bm_bn = blkno;
 	bp->b_ops = ops;

fs/xfs/xfs_buf.c

@@ -22,9 +22,6 @@
 
 static kmem_zone_t *xfs_buf_zone;
 
-#define xb_to_gfp(flags) \
-	((((flags) & XBF_READ_AHEAD) ? __GFP_NORETRY : GFP_NOFS) | __GFP_NOWARN)
-
 /*
  * Locking orders
  *
@@ -79,7 +76,7 @@ static inline int
 xfs_buf_vmap_len(
 	struct xfs_buf	*bp)
 {
-	return (bp->b_page_count * PAGE_SIZE) - bp->b_offset;
+	return (bp->b_page_count * PAGE_SIZE);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -272,51 +269,30 @@ _xfs_buf_alloc(
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- *	Allocate a page array capable of holding a specified number
- *	of pages, and point the page buf at it.
- */
-STATIC int
-_xfs_buf_get_pages(
-	struct xfs_buf		*bp,
-	int			page_count)
+static void
+xfs_buf_free_pages(
+	struct xfs_buf	*bp)
 {
-	/* Make sure that we have a page list */
-	if (bp->b_pages == NULL) {
-		bp->b_page_count = page_count;
-		if (page_count <= XB_PAGES) {
-			bp->b_pages = bp->b_page_array;
-		} else {
-			bp->b_pages = kmem_alloc(sizeof(struct page *) *
-						 page_count, KM_NOFS);
-			if (bp->b_pages == NULL)
-				return -ENOMEM;
-		}
-		memset(bp->b_pages, 0, sizeof(struct page *) * page_count);
+	uint		i;
+
+	ASSERT(bp->b_flags & _XBF_PAGES);
+
+	if (xfs_buf_is_vmapped(bp))
+		vm_unmap_ram(bp->b_addr, bp->b_page_count);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < bp->b_page_count; i++) {
+		if (bp->b_pages[i])
+			__free_page(bp->b_pages[i]);
 	}
-	return 0;
-}
+	if (current->reclaim_state)
+		current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab += bp->b_page_count;
 
-/*
- *	Frees b_pages if it was allocated.
- */
-STATIC void
-_xfs_buf_free_pages(
-	struct xfs_buf	*bp)
-{
-	if (bp->b_pages != bp->b_page_array) {
+	if (bp->b_pages != bp->b_page_array)
 		kmem_free(bp->b_pages);
-		bp->b_pages = NULL;
-	}
+	bp->b_pages = NULL;
+	bp->b_flags &= ~_XBF_PAGES;
 }
 
-/*
- *	Releases the specified buffer.
- *
- * 	The modification state of any associated pages is left unchanged.
- * 	The buffer must not be on any hash - use xfs_buf_rele instead for
- * 	hashed and refcounted buffers
- */
 static void
 xfs_buf_free(
 	struct xfs_buf		*bp)
@@ -325,137 +301,103 @@ xfs_buf_free(
 
 	ASSERT(list_empty(&bp->b_lru));
 
-	if (bp->b_flags & _XBF_PAGES) {
-		uint		i;
-
-		if (xfs_buf_is_vmapped(bp))
-			vm_unmap_ram(bp->b_addr - bp->b_offset,
-					bp->b_page_count);
-
-		for (i = 0; i < bp->b_page_count; i++) {
-			struct page	*page = bp->b_pages[i];
-
-			__free_page(page);
-		}
-		if (current->reclaim_state)
-			current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab +=
-							bp->b_page_count;
-	} else if (bp->b_flags & _XBF_KMEM)
+	if (bp->b_flags & _XBF_PAGES)
+		xfs_buf_free_pages(bp);
+	else if (bp->b_flags & _XBF_KMEM)
 		kmem_free(bp->b_addr);
-	_xfs_buf_free_pages(bp);
+
 	xfs_buf_free_maps(bp);
 	kmem_cache_free(xfs_buf_zone, bp);
 }
 
-/*
- * Allocates all the pages for buffer in question and builds it's page list.
- */
-STATIC int
-xfs_buf_allocate_memory(
-	struct xfs_buf		*bp,
-	uint			flags)
+static int
+xfs_buf_alloc_kmem(
+	struct xfs_buf	*bp,
+	xfs_buf_flags_t	flags)
 {
-	size_t			size;
-	size_t			nbytes, offset;
-	gfp_t			gfp_mask = xb_to_gfp(flags);
-	unsigned short		page_count, i;
-	xfs_off_t		start, end;
-	int			error;
-	xfs_km_flags_t		kmflag_mask = 0;
+	int		align_mask = xfs_buftarg_dma_alignment(bp->b_target);
+	xfs_km_flags_t	kmflag_mask = KM_NOFS;
+	size_t		size = BBTOB(bp->b_length);
 
-	/*
-	 * assure zeroed buffer for non-read cases.
-	 */
-	if (!(flags & XBF_READ)) {
+	/* Assure zeroed buffer for non-read cases. */
+	if (!(flags & XBF_READ))
 		kmflag_mask |= KM_ZERO;
-		gfp_mask |= __GFP_ZERO;
-	}
 
-	/*
-	 * for buffers that are contained within a single page, just allocate
-	 * the memory from the heap - there's no need for the complexity of
-	 * page arrays to keep allocation down to order 0.
-	 */
-	size = BBTOB(bp->b_length);
-	if (size < PAGE_SIZE) {
-		int align_mask = xfs_buftarg_dma_alignment(bp->b_target);
-		bp->b_addr = kmem_alloc_io(size, align_mask,
-					   KM_NOFS | kmflag_mask);
-		if (!bp->b_addr) {
-			/* low memory - use alloc_page loop instead */
-			goto use_alloc_page;
-		}
+	bp->b_addr = kmem_alloc_io(size, align_mask, kmflag_mask);
+	if (!bp->b_addr)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 
-		if (((unsigned long)(bp->b_addr + size - 1) & PAGE_MASK) !=
-		    ((unsigned long)bp->b_addr & PAGE_MASK)) {
-			/* b_addr spans two pages - use alloc_page instead */
-			kmem_free(bp->b_addr);
-			bp->b_addr = NULL;
-			goto use_alloc_page;
-		}
-		bp->b_offset = offset_in_page(bp->b_addr);
-		bp->b_pages = bp->b_page_array;
-		bp->b_pages[0] = kmem_to_page(bp->b_addr);
-		bp->b_page_count = 1;
-		bp->b_flags |= _XBF_KMEM;
-		return 0;
+	if (((unsigned long)(bp->b_addr + size - 1) & PAGE_MASK) !=
+	    ((unsigned long)bp->b_addr & PAGE_MASK)) {
+		/* b_addr spans two pages - use alloc_page instead */
+		kmem_free(bp->b_addr);
+		bp->b_addr = NULL;
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
+	bp->b_offset = offset_in_page(bp->b_addr);
+	bp->b_pages = bp->b_page_array;
+	bp->b_pages[0] = kmem_to_page(bp->b_addr);
+	bp->b_page_count = 1;
+	bp->b_flags |= _XBF_KMEM;
+	return 0;
+}
 
-use_alloc_page:
-	start = BBTOB(bp->b_maps[0].bm_bn) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-	end = (BBTOB(bp->b_maps[0].bm_bn + bp->b_length) + PAGE_SIZE - 1)
-								>> PAGE_SHIFT;
-	page_count = end - start;
-	error = _xfs_buf_get_pages(bp, page_count);
-	if (unlikely(error))
-		return error;
+static int
+xfs_buf_alloc_pages(
+	struct xfs_buf	*bp,
+	xfs_buf_flags_t	flags)
+{
+	gfp_t		gfp_mask = __GFP_NOWARN;
+	long		filled = 0;
 
-	offset = bp->b_offset;
+	if (flags & XBF_READ_AHEAD)
+		gfp_mask |= __GFP_NORETRY;
+	else
+		gfp_mask |= GFP_NOFS;
+
+	/* Make sure that we have a page list */
+	bp->b_page_count = DIV_ROUND_UP(BBTOB(bp->b_length), PAGE_SIZE);
+	if (bp->b_page_count <= XB_PAGES) {
+		bp->b_pages = bp->b_page_array;
+	} else {
+		bp->b_pages = kzalloc(sizeof(struct page *) * bp->b_page_count,
+					gfp_mask);
+		if (!bp->b_pages)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+	}
 	bp->b_flags |= _XBF_PAGES;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < bp->b_page_count; i++) {
-		struct page	*page;
-		uint		retries = 0;
-retry:
-		page = alloc_page(gfp_mask);
-		if (unlikely(page == NULL)) {
-			if (flags & XBF_READ_AHEAD) {
-				bp->b_page_count = i;
-				error = -ENOMEM;
-				goto out_free_pages;
-			}
+	/* Assure zeroed buffer for non-read cases. */
+	if (!(flags & XBF_READ))
+		gfp_mask |= __GFP_ZERO;
 
-			/*
-			 * This could deadlock.
-			 *
-			 * But until all the XFS lowlevel code is revamped to
-			 * handle buffer allocation failures we can't do much.
-			 */
-			if (!(++retries % 100))
-				xfs_err(NULL,
-		"%s(%u) possible memory allocation deadlock in %s (mode:0x%x)",
-					current->comm, current->pid,
-					__func__, gfp_mask);
-
-			XFS_STATS_INC(bp->b_mount, xb_page_retries);
-			congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/50);
-			goto retry;
+	/*
+	 * Bulk filling of pages can take multiple calls. Not filling the entire
+	 * array is not an allocation failure, so don't back off if we get at
+	 * least one extra page.
+	 */
+	for (;;) {
+		long	last = filled;
+
+		filled = alloc_pages_bulk_array(gfp_mask, bp->b_page_count,
+						bp->b_pages);
+		if (filled == bp->b_page_count) {
+			XFS_STATS_INC(bp->b_mount, xb_page_found);
+			break;
 		}
 
-		XFS_STATS_INC(bp->b_mount, xb_page_found);
+		if (filled != last)
+			continue;
+
+		if (flags & XBF_READ_AHEAD) {
+			xfs_buf_free_pages(bp);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
 
-		nbytes = min_t(size_t, size, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
-		size -= nbytes;
-		bp->b_pages[i] = page;
-		offset = 0;
+		XFS_STATS_INC(bp->b_mount, xb_page_retries);
+		congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ / 50);
 	}
 	return 0;
-
-out_free_pages:
-	for (i = 0; i < bp->b_page_count; i++)
-		__free_page(bp->b_pages[i]);
-	bp->b_flags &= ~_XBF_PAGES;
-	return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -469,7 +411,7 @@ _xfs_buf_map_pages(
 	ASSERT(bp->b_flags & _XBF_PAGES);
 	if (bp->b_page_count == 1) {
 		/* A single page buffer is always mappable */
-		bp->b_addr = page_address(bp->b_pages[0]) + bp->b_offset;
+		bp->b_addr = page_address(bp->b_pages[0]);
 	} else if (flags & XBF_UNMAPPED) {
 		bp->b_addr = NULL;
 	} else {
@@ -496,7 +438,6 @@ _xfs_buf_map_pages(
 
 		if (!bp->b_addr)
 			return -ENOMEM;
-		bp->b_addr += bp->b_offset;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -720,17 +661,22 @@ xfs_buf_get_map(
 	if (error)
 		return error;
 
-	error = xfs_buf_allocate_memory(new_bp, flags);
-	if (error) {
-		xfs_buf_free(new_bp);
-		return error;
+	/*
+	 * For buffers that fit entirely within a single page, first attempt to
+	 * allocate the memory from the heap to minimise memory usage. If we
+	 * can't get heap memory for these small buffers, we fall back to using
+	 * the page allocator.
+	 */
+	if (BBTOB(new_bp->b_length) >= PAGE_SIZE ||
+	    xfs_buf_alloc_kmem(new_bp, flags) < 0) {
+		error = xfs_buf_alloc_pages(new_bp, flags);
+		if (error)
+			goto out_free_buf;
 	}
 
 	error = xfs_buf_find(target, map, nmaps, flags, new_bp, &bp);
-	if (error) {
-		xfs_buf_free(new_bp);
-		return error;
-	}
+	if (error)
+		goto out_free_buf;
 
 	if (bp != new_bp)
 		xfs_buf_free(new_bp);
@@ -758,6 +704,9 @@ xfs_buf_get_map(
 	trace_xfs_buf_get(bp, flags, _RET_IP_);
 	*bpp = bp;
 	return 0;
+out_free_buf:
+	xfs_buf_free(new_bp);
+	return error;
 }
 
 int
@@ -950,8 +899,7 @@ xfs_buf_get_uncached(
 	int			flags,
 	struct xfs_buf		**bpp)
 {
-	unsigned long		page_count;
-	int			error, i;
+	int			error;
 	struct xfs_buf		*bp;
 	DEFINE_SINGLE_BUF_MAP(map, XFS_BUF_DADDR_NULL, numblks);
 
@@ -960,41 +908,25 @@ xfs_buf_get_uncached(
 	/* flags might contain irrelevant bits, pass only what we care about */
 	error = _xfs_buf_alloc(target, &map, 1, flags & XBF_NO_IOACCT, &bp);
 	if (error)
-		goto fail;
+		return error;
 
-	page_count = PAGE_ALIGN(numblks << BBSHIFT) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-	error = _xfs_buf_get_pages(bp, page_count);
+	error = xfs_buf_alloc_pages(bp, flags);
 	if (error)
 		goto fail_free_buf;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < page_count; i++) {
-		bp->b_pages[i] = alloc_page(xb_to_gfp(flags));
-		if (!bp->b_pages[i]) {
-			error = -ENOMEM;
-			goto fail_free_mem;
-		}
-	}
-	bp->b_flags |= _XBF_PAGES;
-
 	error = _xfs_buf_map_pages(bp, 0);
 	if (unlikely(error)) {
 		xfs_warn(target->bt_mount,
 			"%s: failed to map pages", __func__);
-		goto fail_free_mem;
+		goto fail_free_buf;
 	}
 
 	trace_xfs_buf_get_uncached(bp, _RET_IP_);
 	*bpp = bp;
 	return 0;
 
- fail_free_mem:
-	while (--i >= 0)
-		__free_page(bp->b_pages[i]);
-	_xfs_buf_free_pages(bp);
- fail_free_buf:
-	xfs_buf_free_maps(bp);
-	kmem_cache_free(xfs_buf_zone, bp);
- fail:
+fail_free_buf:
+	xfs_buf_free(bp);
 	return error;
 }
 
@@ -1722,7 +1654,6 @@ xfs_buf_offset(
 	if (bp->b_addr)
 		return bp->b_addr + offset;
 
-	offset += bp->b_offset;
 	page = bp->b_pages[offset >> PAGE_SHIFT];
 	return page_address(page) + (offset & (PAGE_SIZE-1));
 }

fs/xfs/xfs_buf.h

@@ -167,7 +167,8 @@ struct xfs_buf {
 	atomic_t		b_pin_count;	/* pin count */
 	atomic_t		b_io_remaining;	/* #outstanding I/O requests */
 	unsigned int		b_page_count;	/* size of page array */
-	unsigned int		b_offset;	/* page offset in first page */
+	unsigned int		b_offset;	/* page offset of b_addr,
+						   only for _XBF_KMEM buffers */
 	int			b_error;	/* error code on I/O */
 
 	/*