Commit f5b8b297 authored by Harshad Shirwadkar's avatar Harshad Shirwadkar Committed by Theodore Ts'o

doc: update ext4 and journalling docs to include fast commit feature

This patch adds necessary documentation for fast commits.
Signed-off-by: default avatarHarshad Shirwadkar <harshadshirwadkar@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201015203802.3597742-2-harshadshirwadkar@gmail.comSigned-off-by: default avatarTheodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
parent e0770e91
...@@ -28,6 +28,17 @@ metadata are written to disk through the journal. This is slower but ...@@ -28,6 +28,17 @@ metadata are written to disk through the journal. This is slower but
safest. If ``data=writeback``, dirty data blocks are not flushed to the safest. If ``data=writeback``, dirty data blocks are not flushed to the
disk before the metadata are written to disk through the journal. disk before the metadata are written to disk through the journal.
In case of ``data=ordered`` mode, Ext4 also supports fast commits which
help reduce commit latency significantly. The default ``data=ordered``
mode works by logging metadata blocks to the journal. In fast commit
mode, Ext4 only stores the minimal delta needed to recreate the
affected metadata in fast commit space that is shared with JBD2.
Once the fast commit area fills in or if fast commit is not possible
or if JBD2 commit timer goes off, Ext4 performs a traditional full commit.
A full commit invalidates all the fast commits that happened before
it and thus it makes the fast commit area empty for further fast
commits. This feature needs to be enabled at mkfs time.
The journal inode is typically inode 8. The first 68 bytes of the The journal inode is typically inode 8. The first 68 bytes of the
journal inode are replicated in the ext4 superblock. The journal itself journal inode are replicated in the ext4 superblock. The journal itself
is normal (but hidden) file within the filesystem. The file usually is normal (but hidden) file within the filesystem. The file usually
...@@ -609,3 +620,58 @@ bytes long (but uses a full block): ...@@ -609,3 +620,58 @@ bytes long (but uses a full block):
- h\_commit\_nsec - h\_commit\_nsec
- Nanoseconds component of the above timestamp. - Nanoseconds component of the above timestamp.
Fast commits
~~~~~~~~~~~~
Fast commit area is organized as a log of tag length values. Each TLV has
a ``struct ext4_fc_tl`` in the beginning which stores the tag and the length
of the entire field. It is followed by variable length tag specific value.
Here is the list of supported tags and their meanings:
.. list-table::
:widths: 8 20 20 32
:header-rows: 1
* - Tag
- Meaning
- Value struct
- Description
* - EXT4_FC_TAG_HEAD
- Fast commit area header
- ``struct ext4_fc_head``
- Stores the TID of the transaction after which these fast commits should
be applied.
* - EXT4_FC_TAG_ADD_RANGE
- Add extent to inode
- ``struct ext4_fc_add_range``
- Stores the inode number and extent to be added in this inode
* - EXT4_FC_TAG_DEL_RANGE
- Remove logical offsets to inode
- ``struct ext4_fc_del_range``
- Stores the inode number and the logical offset range that needs to be
removed
* - EXT4_FC_TAG_CREAT
- Create directory entry for a newly created file
- ``struct ext4_fc_dentry_info``
- Stores the parent inode number, inode number and directory entry of the
newly created file
* - EXT4_FC_TAG_LINK
- Link a directory entry to an inode
- ``struct ext4_fc_dentry_info``
- Stores the parent inode number, inode number and directory entry
* - EXT4_FC_TAG_UNLINK
- Unlink a directory entry of an inode
- ``struct ext4_fc_dentry_info``
- Stores the parent inode number, inode number and directory entry
* - EXT4_FC_TAG_PAD
- Padding (unused area)
- None
- Unused bytes in the fast commit area.
* - EXT4_FC_TAG_TAIL
- Mark the end of a fast commit
- ``struct ext4_fc_tail``
- Stores the TID of the commit, CRC of the fast commit of which this tag
represents the end of
...@@ -132,6 +132,39 @@ The opportunities for abuse and DOS attacks with this should be obvious, ...@@ -132,6 +132,39 @@ The opportunities for abuse and DOS attacks with this should be obvious,
if you allow unprivileged userspace to trigger codepaths containing if you allow unprivileged userspace to trigger codepaths containing
these calls. these calls.
Fast commits
~~~~~~~~~~~~
JBD2 to also allows you to perform file-system specific delta commits known as
fast commits. In order to use fast commits, you first need to call
:c:func:`jbd2_fc_init` and tell how many blocks at the end of journal
area should be reserved for fast commits. Along with that, you will also need
to set following callbacks that perform correspodning work:
`journal->j_fc_cleanup_cb`: Cleanup function called after every full commit and
fast commit.
`journal->j_fc_replay_cb`: Replay function called for replay of fast commit
blocks.
File system is free to perform fast commits as and when it wants as long as it
gets permission from JBD2 to do so by calling the function
:c:func:`jbd2_fc_begin_commit()`. Once a fast commit is done, the client
file system should tell JBD2 about it by calling
:c:func:`jbd2_fc_end_commit()`. If file system wants JBD2 to perform a full
commit immediately after stopping the fast commit it can do so by calling
:c:func:`jbd2_fc_end_commit_fallback()`. This is useful if fast commit operation
fails for some reason and the only way to guarantee consistency is for JBD2 to
perform the full traditional commit.
JBD2 helper functions to manage fast commit buffers. File system can use
:c:func:`jbd2_fc_get_buf()` and :c:func:`jbd2_fc_wait_bufs()` to allocate
and wait on IO completion of fast commit buffers.
Currently, only Ext4 implements fast commits. For details of its implementation
of fast commits, please refer to the top level comments in
fs/ext4/fast_commit.c.
Summary Summary
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~
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