according to the standard.

The idea is to use Field-classes to implement stored routines
variables. Also, we should provide facade to Item-hierarchy
by Item_field class (it is necessary, since SRVs take part
in expressions).

The patch fixes the following bugs:
  - BUG#8702: Stored Procedures: No Error/Warning shown for inappropriate data 
    type matching; 
 
  - BUG#8768: Functions: For any unsigned data type, -ve values can be passed 
    and returned; 
 
  - BUG#8769: Functions: For Int datatypes, out of range values can be passed 
    and returned; 
 
  - BUG#9078: STORED PROCDURE: Decimal digits are not displayed when we use 
    DECIMAL datatype; 
 
  - BUG#9572: Stored procedures: variable type declarations ignored; 
 
  - BUG#12903: upper function does not work inside a function; 
 
  - BUG#13705: parameters to stored procedures are not verified; 
 
  - BUG#13808: ENUM type stored procedure parameter accepts non-enumerated
    data; 
 
  - BUG#13909: Varchar Stored Procedure Parameter always BINARY string (ignores 
    CHARACTER SET); 
 
  - BUG#14161: Stored procedure cannot retrieve bigint unsigned;

  - BUG#14188: BINARY variables have no 0x00 padding;

  - BUG#15148: Stored procedure variables accept non-scalar values;