Bug#56895 part 1 of 2: Backport of revid holyfoot@mysql.com-20100823084827-js10vjuil88je35r from mysql-5.5.
The purpose is to make MTR logic for mysqlhotcopy the same in 5.1 as in 5.5, making it easier to maintain and fix bugs such as 56817.

Backported the fix to 5.1.
Problem: the auxiliary test files rpl_start_server.inc and rpl_stop_server.inc
write a file that is later read by mtr. The bug was that the file was written
with platform-dependent newline terminators, i.e., \r\n on windows, whereas mtr
only understands \n.
Fix: write the file so that it uses \n on all platforms.

            null from mysql_store_result.

mysqlslap segfaults at a point when it tries to fetch rows from
the result set.

Under some circumstances, mysql_store_result can return 'NULL',
even after query execution (mysql_query) succeeds, and eventually
a segfault might occur if same unchecked return value is passed
to mysql_fetch_row.

Fixed by adding a check on mysql_store_result's return value.

other crashes

Some string manipulating SQL functions use a shared string object intended to
contain an immutable empty string. This object was used by the SQL function
SUBSTRING_INDEX() to return an empty string when one argument was of the wrong
datatype. If the string object was then modified by the sql function INSERT(),
undefined behavior ensued.

Fixed by instead modifying the string object representing the function's
result value whenever string manipulating SQL functions return an empty
string.

Relevant code has also been documented.

      
The test case fails with out of memory while updating a table
with several multi-megabytes sized rows. This can probably be too
exhausting for PB2 env.
      
The quick fix here is to reduce the size of the biggest
row (256MB) so that it becomes a little smaller (64MB).

INVOKER-security view access check wrong".

When privilege checks were done for tables used from an 
INVOKER-security view which in its turn was used from 
a DEFINER-security view connection's active security
context was incorrectly used instead of security context
with privileges of the second view's creator.

This meant that users which had enough rights to access
the DEFINER-security view and as result were supposed to 
be able successfully access it were unable to do so in 
cases when they didn't have privileges on underlying tables 
of the INVOKER-security view.

This problem was caused by the fact that for INVOKER-security
views TABLE_LIST::security_ctx member for underlying tables
were set to 0 even in cases when particular view was used from 
another DEFINER-security view. This meant that when checks of
privileges on these underlying tables was done in
setup_tables_and_check_access() active connection security 
context was used instead of context corresponding to the 
creator of caller view.

This fix addresses the problem by ensuring that underlying
tables of an INVOKER-security view inherit security context
from the view and thus correct security context is used for
privilege checks on underlying tables in cases when such view 
is used from another view with DEFINER-security.

        Item_func_spatial_collection::fix_length_and_dec didn't call parent's method, so
        the maybe_null was set to '0' after it. But in this case the result was
        just NULL, that caused wrong behaviour.

per-file comments:
  mysql-test/r/gis.result
Bug #57321 crashes and valgrind errors from spatial types 
        test result updated.

  mysql-test/t/gis.test
Bug #57321 crashes and valgrind errors from spatial types 
        test case added.
  sql/item_geofunc.h
Bug #57321 crashes and valgrind errors from spatial types 
        Item_func_geometry::fix_length_and_dec() called in
        Item_func_spatial_collection::fix_length_and_dec().

tmptable needed

The function DEFAULT() works by modifying the the data buffer pointers (often
referred to as 'record' or 'table record') of its argument. This modification
is done during name resolution (fix_fields().) Unfortunately, the same
modification is done when creating a temporary table, because default values
need to propagate to the new table.

Fixed by skipping the pointer modification for fields that are arguments to
the DEFAULT function.

if max_allowed_packet >= 16M.

This bug was introduced by patch for bug#42503.

This patch restores behaviour that there was before patch
for bug#42503 was applied.

Followup: had forgotten to update mysqltest.test due to changed output - duh!

The problem from a user point of view was that on Solaris the
time related functions (e.g. NOW(), SYSDATE(), etc) would always
return a fixed time.

This bug was happening due to a logic in the time retrieving
wrapper function which would only call the time() function every
half second. This interval between calls would be calculated
using the gethrtime() and the logic relied on the fact that time
returned by it is monotonic.

Unfortunately, due to bugs in the gethrtime() implementation,
there are some cases where the time returned by it can drift
(See Solaris bug id 6600939), potentially causing the interval
calculation logic to fail.

The solution is to retrieve the correct time whenever a drift in
the time returned by gethrtime() is detected. That is, do not
use the cached time whenever the values (previous and current)
returned by gethrtime() are not monotonically increasing.

to crash mysqld". 
      
handler::pushed_cond was not always properly reset when table objects where
recycled via the table cache.
      
handler::pushed_cond is now set to NULL in handler::ha_reset(). This should 
prevent pushed conditions from (incorrectly) re-apperaring in later queries.

Generalized fix for recursive backtick
Optional arg to eval_expr telling it not to interpret

Added a pattern match to cover combinations
Added to readme file

This patchs adds printing of a file stack (with line numbers)
It does not fix the problem of a failure in the non-first iteration of a loop

InnoDB Plugin 1.0.14 has been released with MySQL 5.1.54.

WIN32 compilation fixes: define ETIMEDOUT only if not available and
fix typos and add a missing parameter.

From a user perspective, the problem is that a FLUSH LOGS or SIGHUP
signal could end up associating the stdout and stderr to random
files. In the case of this bug report, the streams would end up
associated to InnoDB ibd files.

The freopen(3) function is not thread-safe on FreeBSD. What this
means is that if another thread calls open(2) during freopen()
is executing that another thread's fd returned by open(2) may get
re-associated with the file being passed to freopen(3). See FreeBSD
PR number 79887 for reference:

  http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=79887

This problem is worked around by substituting a internal hook within
the FILE structure. This avoids the loss of atomicity by not having
the original fd closed before its duplicated.

Patch based on the original work by Vasil Dimov.

Do not use nested AC_CHECK_FUNC() because they result in:

./configure: line 52688: syntax error: unexpected end of file

(which happens only on some platforms and does not happen on others,
I have no idea what is the reason for this)

AC_CHECK_FUNCS(f1 f2 f3, ACTION_IF_PRESENT)
ACTION_IF_PRESENT is executed if any of f1, f2 or f3 is present.
Fix this misusage, we want the action to be executed if all of the
functions are present.

that aren't strings

rb://560 approved by Sunny Bains

old URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/forcing-recovery.html
new URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html

Notice that there is a redirect from the old URL to the new URL, so visiting
the old URL does not give "page not found" error.

old URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/forcing-recovery.html
new URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html

Notice that there is a redirect from the old URL to the new URL, so visiting
the old URL does not give "page not found" error.

Modifications in mysql-5.1 engines test suite.

constraint creation

rb://557 Approved by Sunny Bains

This is 5.1 built-in specific as the dict_table_t strcture is allocated
with mem_heap_zalloc since 5.1 plugin.

Approved by Sunny Bains

Avoid handler::info() call for three Information Schema tables;
TABLE_CONSTRAINTS, KEY_COLUMN_USAGE, & REFERENTIAL_CONTRAINTS

This assert could be triggered if -1 was inserted into
an auto increment column by a statement writing more than
one row.

Unless explicitly given, an interval of auto increment values
is generated when a statement first needs an auto increment
value. The triggered assert checks that the auto increment
counter is equal to or higher than the lower bound of this
interval.

Generally, the auto increment counter starts at 1 and is
incremented by 1 each time it is used. However, inserting an
explicit value into the auto increment column, sets the auto
increment counter to this value + 1 if this value is higher
than the current value of the auto increment counter.

This bug was triggered if the explicit value was -1. Since the
value was converted to unsigned before any comparisons were made,
it was found to be higher than the current vale of the auto
increment counter and the counter was set to -1 + 1. This value
was below the reserved interval and caused the assert to be
triggered the next time the statement tried to write a row.

With the patch for Bug#39828, this bug is no longer repeatable.
Now, -1 + 1 is detected as an "overflow" which causes the auto
increment counter to be set to ULONGLONG_MAX. This avoids hitting
the assert for the next insert and causes a new interval of
auto increment values to be generated. This resolves the issue.

This patch therefore only contains a regression test and no code
changes. Test case added to auto_increment.test.