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cdef extern from "Python.h":
ctypedef void PyObject
ctypedef void PyTypeObject
ctypedef struct FILE
#####################################################################
# 6.1 Object Protocol
#####################################################################
int PyObject_Print(object o, FILE *fp, int flags)
# Print an object o, on file fp. Returns -1 on error. The flags
# argument is used to enable certain printing options. The only
# option currently supported is Py_PRINT_RAW; if given, the str()
# of the object is written instead of the repr().
bint PyObject_HasAttrString(object o, char *attr_name)
# Returns 1 if o has the attribute attr_name, and 0
# otherwise. This is equivalent to the Python expression
# "hasattr(o, attr_name)". This function always succeeds.
object PyObject_GetAttrString(object o, char *attr_name)
# Return value: New reference. Retrieve an attribute named
# attr_name from object o. Returns the attribute value on success,
# or NULL on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python
# expression "o.attr_name".
bint PyObject_HasAttr(object o, object attr_name)
# Returns 1 if o has the attribute attr_name, and 0
# otherwise. This is equivalent to the Python expression
# "hasattr(o, attr_name)". This function always succeeds.
object PyObject_GetAttr(object o, object attr_name)
# Return value: New reference. Retrieve an attribute named
# attr_name from object o. Returns the attribute value on success,
# or NULL on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python
# expression "o.attr_name".
int PyObject_SetAttrString(object o, char *attr_name, object v)
# Set the value of the attribute named attr_name, for object o, to
# the value v. Returns -1 on failure. This is the equivalent of
# the Python statement "o.attr_name = v".
int PyObject_SetAttr(object o, object attr_name, object v)
# Set the value of the attribute named attr_name, for object o, to
# the value v. Returns -1 on failure. This is the equivalent of
# the Python statement "o.attr_name = v".
int PyObject_DelAttrString(object o, char *attr_name)
# Delete attribute named attr_name, for object o. Returns -1 on
# failure. This is the equivalent of the Python statement: "del
# o.attr_name".
int PyObject_DelAttr(object o, object attr_name)
# Delete attribute named attr_name, for object o. Returns -1 on
# failure. This is the equivalent of the Python statement "del
# o.attr_name".
object PyObject_RichCompare(object o1, object o2, int opid)
# Return value: New reference.
# Compare the values of o1 and o2 using the operation specified by
# opid, which must be one of Py_LT, Py_LE, Py_EQ, Py_NE, Py_GT, or
# Py_GE, corresponding to <, <=, ==, !=, >, or >=
# respectively. This is the equivalent of the Python expression
# "o1 op o2", where op is the operator corresponding to
# opid. Returns the value of the comparison on success, or NULL on
# failure.
int PyObject_RichCompareBool(object o1, object o2, int opid)
# Compare the values of o1 and o2 using the operation specified by
# opid, which must be one of Py_LT, Py_LE, Py_EQ, Py_NE, Py_GT, or
# Py_GE, corresponding to <, <=, ==, !=, >, or >=
# respectively. Returns -1 on error, 0 if the result is false, 1
# otherwise. This is the equivalent of the Python expression "o1
# op o2", where op is the operator corresponding to opid.
int PyObject_Cmp(object o1, object o2, int *result)
# Compare the values of o1 and o2 using a routine provided by o1,
# if one exists, otherwise with a routine provided by o2. The
# result of the comparison is returned in result. Returns -1 on
# failure. This is the equivalent of the Python statement "result
# = cmp(o1, o2)".
int PyObject_Compare(object o1, object o2)
# Compare the values of o1 and o2 using a routine provided by o1,
# if one exists, otherwise with a routine provided by o2. Returns
# the result of the comparison on success. On error, the value
# returned is undefined; use PyErr_Occurred() to detect an
# error. This is equivalent to the Python expression "cmp(o1,
# o2)".
object PyObject_Repr(object o)
# Return value: New reference.
# Compute a string representation of object o. Returns the string
# representation on success, NULL on failure. This is the
# equivalent of the Python expression "repr(o)". Called by the
# repr() built-in function and by reverse quotes.
object PyObject_Str(object o)
# Return value: New reference.
# Compute a string representation of object o. Returns the string
# representation on success, NULL on failure. This is the
# equivalent of the Python expression "str(o)". Called by the
# str() built-in function and by the print statement.
object PyObject_Unicode(object o)
# Return value: New reference.
# Compute a Unicode string representation of object o. Returns the
# Unicode string representation on success, NULL on failure. This
# is the equivalent of the Python expression "unicode(o)". Called
# by the unicode() built-in function.
bint PyObject_IsInstance(object inst, object cls)
# Returns 1 if inst is an instance of the class cls or a subclass
# of cls, or 0 if not. On error, returns -1 and sets an
# exception. If cls is a type object rather than a class object,
# PyObject_IsInstance() returns 1 if inst is of type cls. If cls
# is a tuple, the check will be done against every entry in
# cls. The result will be 1 when at least one of the checks
# returns 1, otherwise it will be 0. If inst is not a class
# instance and cls is neither a type object, nor a class object,
# nor a tuple, inst must have a __class__ attribute -- the class
# relationship of the value of that attribute with cls will be
# used to determine the result of this function.
# Subclass determination is done in a fairly straightforward way,
# but includes a wrinkle that implementors of extensions to the
# class system may want to be aware of. If A and B are class
# objects, B is a subclass of A if it inherits from A either
# directly or indirectly. If either is not a class object, a more
# general mechanism is used to determine the class relationship of
# the two objects. When testing if B is a subclass of A, if A is
# B, PyObject_IsSubclass() returns true. If A and B are different
# objects, B's __bases__ attribute is searched in a depth-first
# fashion for A -- the presence of the __bases__ attribute is
# considered sufficient for this determination.
bint PyObject_IsSubclass(object derived, object cls)
# Returns 1 if the class derived is identical to or derived from
# the class cls, otherwise returns 0. In case of an error, returns
# -1. If cls is a tuple, the check will be done against every
# entry in cls. The result will be 1 when at least one of the
# checks returns 1, otherwise it will be 0. If either derived or
# cls is not an actual class object (or tuple), this function uses
# the generic algorithm described above. New in version
# 2.1. Changed in version 2.3: Older versions of Python did not
# support a tuple as the second argument.
bint PyCallable_Check(object o)
# Determine if the object o is callable. Return 1 if the object is
# callable and 0 otherwise. This function always succeeds.
object PyObject_Call(object callable_object, object args, object kw)
# Return value: New reference.
# Call a callable Python object callable_object, with arguments
# given by the tuple args, and named arguments given by the
# dictionary kw. If no named arguments are needed, kw may be
# NULL. args must not be NULL, use an empty tuple if no arguments
# are needed. Returns the result of the call on success, or NULL
# on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression
# "apply(callable_object, args, kw)" or "callable_object(*args,
# **kw)".
object PyObject_CallObject(object callable_object, object args)
# Return value: New reference.
# Call a callable Python object callable_object, with arguments
# given by the tuple args. If no arguments are needed, then args
# may be NULL. Returns the result of the call on success, or NULL
# on failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression
# "apply(callable_object, args)" or "callable_object(*args)".
object PyObject_CallFunction(object callable, char *format, ...)
# Return value: New reference.
# Call a callable Python object callable, with a variable number
# of C arguments. The C arguments are described using a
# Py_BuildValue() style format string. The format may be NULL,
# indicating that no arguments are provided. Returns the result of
# the call on success, or NULL on failure. This is the equivalent
# of the Python expression "apply(callable, args)" or
# "callable(*args)". Note that if you only pass object args,
# PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs is a faster alternative.
object PyObject_CallMethod(object o, char *method, char *format, ...)
# Return value: New reference.
# Call the method named method of object o with a variable number
# of C arguments. The C arguments are described by a
# Py_BuildValue() format string that should produce a tuple. The
# format may be NULL, indicating that no arguments are
# provided. Returns the result of the call on success, or NULL on
# failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression
# "o.method(args)". Note that if you only pass object args,
# PyObject_CallMethodObjArgs is a faster alternative.
#object PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(object callable, ..., NULL)
object PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(object callable, ...)
# Return value: New reference.
# Call a callable Python object callable, with a variable number
# of PyObject* arguments. The arguments are provided as a variable
# number of parameters followed by NULL. Returns the result of the
# call on success, or NULL on failure.
#PyObject* PyObject_CallMethodObjArgs(object o, object name, ..., NULL)
object PyObject_CallMethodObjArgs(object o, object name, ...)
# Return value: New reference.
# Calls a method of the object o, where the name of the method is
# given as a Python string object in name. It is called with a
# variable number of PyObject* arguments. The arguments are
# provided as a variable number of parameters followed by
# NULL. Returns the result of the call on success, or NULL on
# failure.
long PyObject_Hash(object o)
# Compute and return the hash value of an object o. On failure,
# return -1. This is the equivalent of the Python expression
# "hash(o)".
bint PyObject_IsTrue(object o)
# Returns 1 if the object o is considered to be true, and 0
# otherwise. This is equivalent to the Python expression "not not
# o". On failure, return -1.
bint PyObject_Not(object o)
# Returns 0 if the object o is considered to be true, and 1
# otherwise. This is equivalent to the Python expression "not
# o". On failure, return -1.
object PyObject_Type(object o)
# Return value: New reference.
# When o is non-NULL, returns a type object corresponding to the
# object type of object o. On failure, raises SystemError and
# returns NULL. This is equivalent to the Python expression
# type(o). This function increments the reference count of the
# return value. There's really no reason to use this function
# instead of the common expression o->ob_type, which returns a
# pointer of type PyTypeObject*, except when the incremented
# reference count is needed.
bint PyObject_TypeCheck(object o, object type) # object o, PyTypeObject *type)
# Return true if the object o is of type type or a subtype of
# type. Both parameters must be non-NULL.
Py_ssize_t PyObject_Length(object o)
Py_ssize_t PyObject_Size(object o)
# Return the length of object o. If the object o provides either
# the sequence and mapping protocols, the sequence length is
# returned. On error, -1 is returned. This is the equivalent to
# the Python expression "len(o)".
object PyObject_GetItem(object o, object key)
# Return value: New reference.
# Return element of o corresponding to the object key or NULL on
# failure. This is the equivalent of the Python expression
# "o[key]".
int PyObject_SetItem(object o, object key, object v)
# Map the object key to the value v. Returns -1 on failure. This
# is the equivalent of the Python statement "o[key] = v".
int PyObject_DelItem(object o, object key)
# Delete the mapping for key from o. Returns -1 on failure. This
# is the equivalent of the Python statement "del o[key]".
int PyObject_AsFileDescriptor(object o)
# Derives a file-descriptor from a Python object. If the object is
# an integer or long integer, its value is returned. If not, the
# object's fileno() method is called if it exists; the method must
# return an integer or long integer, which is returned as the file
# descriptor value. Returns -1 on failure.
object PyObject_Dir(object o)
# Return value: New reference.
# This is equivalent to the Python expression "dir(o)", returning
# a (possibly empty) list of strings appropriate for the object
# argument, or NULL if there was an error. If the argument is
# NULL, this is like the Python "dir()", returning the names of
# the current locals; in this case, if no execution frame is
# active then NULL is returned but PyErr_Occurred() will return
# false.
object PyObject_GetIter(object o)
# Return value: New reference.
# This is equivalent to the Python expression "iter(o)". It
# returns a new iterator for the object argument, or the object
# itself if the object is already an iterator. Raises TypeError
# and returns NULL if the object cannot be iterated.