Shakeel reported a crash in mem_cgroup_protected(), which can be triggered
by memcg reclaim if the legacy cgroup v1 use_hierarchy=0 mode is used:

  BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000120
  PGD 8000001ff55da067 P4D 8000001ff55da067 PUD 1fdc7df067 PMD 0
  Oops: 0000 [#4] SMP PTI
  CPU: 0 PID: 15581 Comm: bash Tainted: G      D 4.17.0-smp-clean #5
  Hardware name: ...
  RIP: 0010:mem_cgroup_protected+0x54/0x130
  Code: 4c 8b 8e 00 01 00 00 4c 8b 86 08 01 00 00 48 8d 8a 08 ff ff ff 48 85 d2 ba 00 00 00 00 48 0f 44 ca 48 39 c8 0f 84 cf 00 00 00 <48> 8b 81 20 01 00 00 4d 89 ca 4c 39 c8 4c 0f 46 d0 4d 85 d2 74 05
  RSP: 0000:ffffabe64dfafa58 EFLAGS: 00010286
  RAX: ffff9fb6ff03d000 RBX: ffff9fb6f5b1b000 RCX: 0000000000000000
  RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffff9fb6f5b1b000 RDI: ffff9fb6f5b1b000
  RBP: ffffabe64dfafb08 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
  R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 000000000000c800 R12: ffffabe64dfafb88
  R13: ffff9fb6f5b1b000 R14: ffffabe64dfafb88 R15: ffff9fb77fffe000
  FS:  00007fed1f8ac700(0000) GS:ffff9fb6ff400000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  CR2: 0000000000000120 CR3: 0000001fdcf86003 CR4: 00000000001606f0
  Call Trace:
   ? shrink_node+0x194/0x510
   do_try_to_free_pages+0xfd/0x390
   try_to_free_mem_cgroup_pages+0x123/0x210
   try_charge+0x19e/0x700
   mem_cgroup_try_charge+0x10b/0x1a0
   wp_page_copy+0x134/0x5b0
   do_wp_page+0x90/0x460
   __handle_mm_fault+0x8e3/0xf30
   handle_mm_fault+0xfe/0x220
   __do_page_fault+0x262/0x500
   do_page_fault+0x28/0xd0
   ? page_fault+0x8/0x30
   page_fault+0x1e/0x30
  RIP: 0033:0x485b72

The problem happens because parent_mem_cgroup() returns a NULL pointer,
which is dereferenced later without a check.

As cgroup v1 has no memory guarantee support, let's make
mem_cgroup_protected() immediately return MEMCG_PROT_NONE, if the given
cgroup has no parent (non-hierarchical mode is used).

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180611175418.7007-2-guro@fb.com
Fixes: bf8d5d52 ("memcg: introduce memory.min")
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Reported-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Tested-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Tested-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>