PCI/ASPM: Handle PCI-to-PCIe bridges as roots of PCIe hierarchies

In a struct pcie_link_state, link->root points to the pcie_link_state of
the root of the PCIe hierarchy.  For the topmost link, this points to
itself (link->root = link).  For others, we copy the pointer from the
parent (link->root = link->parent->root).

Previously we recognized that Root Ports originated PCIe hierarchies, but
we treated PCI/PCI-X to PCIe Bridges as being in the middle of the
hierarchy, and when we tried to copy the pointer from link->parent->root,
there was no parent, and we dereferenced a NULL pointer:

  BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000090
  IP: [<ffffffff9e424350>] pcie_aspm_init_link_state+0x170/0x820

Recognize that PCI/PCI-X to PCIe Bridges originate PCIe hierarchies just
like Root Ports do, so link->root for these devices should also point to
itself.

Fixes: 51ebfc92 ("PCI: Enumerate switches below PCI-to-PCIe bridges")
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=193411
Link: https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1022181
Tested-by: lists@ssl-mail.com
Tested-by: Jayachandran C. <jnair@caviumnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org	# v4.2+

drivers/pci/pcie/aspm.c

@@ -532,25 +532,32 @@ static struct pcie_link_state *alloc_pcie_link_state(struct pci_dev *pdev)
 	link = kzalloc(sizeof(*link), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!link)
 		return NULL;
+
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&link->sibling);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&link->children);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&link->link);
 	link->pdev = pdev;
-	if (pci_pcie_type(pdev) != PCI_EXP_TYPE_ROOT_PORT) {
+
+	/*
+	 * Root Ports and PCI/PCI-X to PCIe Bridges are roots of PCIe
+	 * hierarchies.
+	 */
+	if (pci_pcie_type(pdev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_ROOT_PORT ||
+	    pci_pcie_type(pdev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_PCIE_BRIDGE) {
+		link->root = link;
+	} else {
 		struct pcie_link_state *parent;
+
 		parent = pdev->bus->parent->self->link_state;
 		if (!parent) {
 			kfree(link);
 			return NULL;
 		}
+
 		link->parent = parent;
+		link->root = link->parent->root;
 		list_add(&link->link, &parent->children);
 	}
-	/* Setup a pointer to the root port link */
-	if (!link->parent)
-		link->root = link;
-	else
-		link->root = link->parent->root;
 
 	list_add(&link->sibling, &link_list);
 	pdev->link_state = link;