tools: bpftool: add probes for eBPF helper functions

Similarly to what was done for program types and map types, add a set of
probes to test the availability of the different eBPF helper functions
on the current system.

For each known program type, all known helpers are tested, in order to
establish a compatibility matrix. Output is provided as a set of lists
of available helpers, one per program type.

Sample output:

    # bpftool feature probe kernel
    ...
    Scanning eBPF helper functions...
    eBPF helpers supported for program type socket_filter:
            - bpf_map_lookup_elem
            - bpf_map_update_elem
            - bpf_map_delete_elem
    ...
    eBPF helpers supported for program type kprobe:
            - bpf_map_lookup_elem
            - bpf_map_update_elem
            - bpf_map_delete_elem
    ...

    # bpftool --json --pretty feature probe kernel
    {
        ...
        "helpers": {
            "socket_filter_available_helpers": ["bpf_map_lookup_elem", \
                    "bpf_map_update_elem","bpf_map_delete_elem", ...
            ],
            "kprobe_available_helpers": ["bpf_map_lookup_elem", \
                    "bpf_map_update_elem","bpf_map_delete_elem", ...
            ],
            ...
        }
    }

v5:
- In libbpf.map, move global symbol to the new LIBBPF_0.0.2 section.

v4:
- Use "enum bpf_func_id" instead of "__u32" in bpf_probe_helper()
  declaration for the type of the argument used to pass the id of
  the helper to probe.
- Undef BPF_HELPER_MAKE_ENTRY after using it.

v3:
- Do not pass kernel version from bpftool to libbpf probes (kernel
  version for testing program with kprobes is retrieved directly from
  libbpf).
- Dump one list of available helpers per program type (instead of one
  list of compatible program types per helper).

v2:
- Move probes from bpftool to libbpf.
- Test all program types for each helper, print a list of working prog
  types for each helper.
- Fall back on include/uapi/linux/bpf.h for names and ids of helpers.
- Remove C-style macros output from this patch.
Signed-off-by: Quentin Monnet <quentin.monnet@netronome.com>
Reviewed-by: Jakub Kicinski <jakub.kicinski@netronome.com>
Reviewed-by: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

tools/bpf/bpftool/Documentation/bpftool-feature.rst

@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@ DESCRIPTION
 
 		  Keyword **kernel** can be omitted.
 
+		  Note that when probed, some eBPF helpers (e.g.
+		  **bpf_trace_printk**\ () or **bpf_probe_write_user**\ ()) may
+		  print warnings to kernel logs.
+
 	**bpftool feature help**
 		  Print short help message.
 

tools/bpf/bpftool/feature.c

@@ -25,6 +25,13 @@ enum probe_component {
 	COMPONENT_KERNEL,
 };
 
+#define BPF_HELPER_MAKE_ENTRY(name)	[BPF_FUNC_ ## name] = "bpf_" # name
+static const char * const helper_name[] = {
+	__BPF_FUNC_MAPPER(BPF_HELPER_MAKE_ENTRY)
+};
+
+#undef BPF_HELPER_MAKE_ENTRY
+
 /* Miscellaneous utility functions */
 
 static bool check_procfs(void)
@@ -458,6 +465,44 @@ static void probe_map_type(enum bpf_map_type map_type)
 	print_bool_feature(feat_name, plain_desc, res);
 }
 
+static void
+probe_helpers_for_progtype(enum bpf_prog_type prog_type, bool supported_type)
+{
+	const char *ptype_name = prog_type_name[prog_type];
+	char feat_name[128];
+	unsigned int id;
+	bool res;
+
+	if (json_output) {
+		sprintf(feat_name, "%s_available_helpers", ptype_name);
+		jsonw_name(json_wtr, feat_name);
+		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
+	} else {
+		printf("eBPF helpers supported for program type %s:",
+		       ptype_name);
+	}
+
+	for (id = 1; id < ARRAY_SIZE(helper_name); id++) {
+		if (!supported_type)
+			res = false;
+		else
+			res = bpf_probe_helper(id, prog_type, 0);
+
+		if (json_output) {
+			if (res)
+				jsonw_string(json_wtr, helper_name[id]);
+		} else {
+			if (res)
+				printf("\n\t- %s", helper_name[id]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (json_output)
+		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
+	else
+		printf("\n");
+}
+
 static int do_probe(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	enum probe_component target = COMPONENT_UNSPEC;
@@ -533,6 +578,12 @@ static int do_probe(int argc, char **argv)
 	for (i = BPF_MAP_TYPE_UNSPEC + 1; i < map_type_name_size; i++)
 		probe_map_type(i);
 
+	print_end_then_start_section("helpers",
+				     "Scanning eBPF helper functions...");
+
+	for (i = BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC + 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name); i++)
+		probe_helpers_for_progtype(i, supported_types[i]);
+
 exit_close_json:
 	if (json_output) {
 		/* End current "section" of probes */

tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h

@@ -366,6 +366,8 @@ bpf_prog_linfo__lfind(const struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo,
 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_prog_type(enum bpf_prog_type prog_type,
 				    __u32 ifindex);
 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_map_type(enum bpf_map_type map_type, __u32 ifindex);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_helper(enum bpf_func_id id,
+				 enum bpf_prog_type prog_type, __u32 ifindex);
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 } /* extern "C" */

tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.map

@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ LIBBPF_0.0.1 {
 
 LIBBPF_0.0.2 {
 	global:
+		bpf_probe_helper;
 		bpf_probe_map_type;
 		bpf_probe_prog_type;
 } LIBBPF_0.0.1;

tools/lib/bpf/libbpf_probes.c

@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
 /* Copyright (c) 2019 Netronome Systems, Inc. */
 
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
 #include <sys/utsname.h>
 
 #include <linux/filter.h>
@@ -11,6 +15,37 @@
 #include "bpf.h"
 #include "libbpf.h"
 
+static bool grep(const char *buffer, const char *pattern)
+{
+	return !!strstr(buffer, pattern);
+}
+
+static int get_vendor_id(int ifindex)
+{
+	char ifname[IF_NAMESIZE], path[64], buf[8];
+	ssize_t len;
+	int fd;
+
+	if (!if_indextoname(ifindex, ifname))
+		return -1;
+
+	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/sys/class/net/%s/device/vendor", ifname);
+
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	len = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
+	close(fd);
+	if (len < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (len >= (ssize_t)sizeof(buf))
+		return -1;
+	buf[len] = '\0';
+
+	return strtol(buf, NULL, 0);
+}
+
 static int get_kernel_version(void)
 {
 	int version, subversion, patchlevel;
@@ -177,3 +212,31 @@ bool bpf_probe_map_type(enum bpf_map_type map_type, __u32 ifindex)
 
 	return fd >= 0;
 }
+
+bool bpf_probe_helper(enum bpf_func_id id, enum bpf_prog_type prog_type,
+		      __u32 ifindex)
+{
+	struct bpf_insn insns[2] = {
+		BPF_EMIT_CALL(id),
+		BPF_EXIT_INSN()
+	};
+	char buf[4096] = {};
+	bool res;
+
+	probe_load(prog_type, insns, ARRAY_SIZE(insns), buf, sizeof(buf),
+		   ifindex);
+	res = !grep(buf, "invalid func ") && !grep(buf, "unknown func ");
+
+	if (ifindex) {
+		switch (get_vendor_id(ifindex)) {
+		case 0x19ee: /* Netronome specific */
+			res = res && !grep(buf, "not supported by FW") &&
+				!grep(buf, "unsupported function id");
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return res;
+}