riscv: Add KASAN support

This patch ports the feature Kernel Address SANitizer (KASAN).

Note: The start address of shadow memory is at the beginning of kernel
space, which is 2^64 - (2^39 / 2) in SV39. The size of the kernel space is
2^38 bytes so the size of shadow memory should be 2^38 / 8. Thus, the
shadow memory would not overlap with the fixmap area.

There are currently two limitations in this port,

1. RV64 only: KASAN need large address space for extra shadow memory
region.

2. KASAN can't debug the modules since the modules are allocated in VMALLOC
area. We mapped the shadow memory, which corresponding to VMALLOC area, to
the kasan_early_shadow_page because we don't have enough physical space for
all the shadow memory corresponding to VMALLOC area.
Signed-off-by: Nick Hu <nickhu@andestech.com>
Reported-by: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmerdabbelt@google.com>

arch/riscv/Kconfig

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ config RISCV
 	select HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS if MMU
 	select ARCH_HAS_GCOV_PROFILE_ALL
 	select HAVE_COPY_THREAD_TLS
+	select HAVE_ARCH_KASAN if MMU && 64BIT
 
 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
 	default 18 if 64BIT

arch/riscv/include/asm/kasan.h

+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+/* Copyright (C) 2019 Andes Technology Corporation */
+
+#ifndef __ASM_KASAN_H
+#define __ASM_KASAN_H
+
+#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
+
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
+
+#define KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT	3
+
+#define KASAN_SHADOW_SIZE	(UL(1) << (38 - KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT))
+#define KASAN_SHADOW_START	0xffffffc000000000 /* 2^64 - 2^38 */
+#define KASAN_SHADOW_END	(KASAN_SHADOW_START + KASAN_SHADOW_SIZE)
+
+#define KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET	(KASAN_SHADOW_END - (1ULL << \
+					(64 - KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT)))
+
+void kasan_init(void);
+asmlinkage void kasan_early_init(void);
+
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif /* __ASM_KASAN_H */

arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable-64.h

@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@ static inline unsigned long pud_page_vaddr(pud_t pud)
 	return (unsigned long)pfn_to_virt(pud_val(pud) >> _PAGE_PFN_SHIFT);
 }
 
+static inline struct page *pud_page(pud_t pud)
+{
+	return pfn_to_page(pud_val(pud) >> _PAGE_PFN_SHIFT);
+}
+
 #define pmd_index(addr) (((addr) >> PMD_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PMD - 1))
 
 static inline pmd_t *pmd_offset(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr)

arch/riscv/include/asm/string.h

@@ -11,8 +11,17 @@
 
 #define __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET
 extern asmlinkage void *memset(void *, int, size_t);
+extern asmlinkage void *__memset(void *, int, size_t);
 
 #define __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY
 extern asmlinkage void *memcpy(void *, const void *, size_t);
+extern asmlinkage void *__memcpy(void *, const void *, size_t);
 
+/* For those files which don't want to check by kasan. */
+#if defined(CONFIG_KASAN) && !defined(__SANITIZE_ADDRESS__)
+
+#define memcpy(dst, src, len) __memcpy(dst, src, len)
+#define memset(s, c, n) __memset(s, c, n)
+
+#endif
 #endif /* _ASM_RISCV_STRING_H */

arch/riscv/kernel/head.S

@@ -121,6 +121,9 @@ clear_bss_done:
 	sw zero, TASK_TI_CPU(tp)
 	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
+	call kasan_early_init
+#endif
 	/* Start the kernel */
 	call parse_dtb
 	tail start_kernel

arch/riscv/kernel/riscv_ksyms.c

@@ -11,3 +11,5 @@
  */
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(memset);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(memcpy);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__memset);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__memcpy);

arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <asm/smp.h>
 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
 #include <asm/thread_info.h>
+#include <asm/kasan.h>
 
 #include "head.h"
 
@@ -74,6 +75,10 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
 	swiotlb_init(1);
 #endif
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
+	kasan_init();
+#endif
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 	setup_smp();
 #endif

arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ SECTIONS
 		KPROBES_TEXT
 		ENTRY_TEXT
 		IRQENTRY_TEXT
+		SOFTIRQENTRY_TEXT
 		*(.fixup)
 		_etext = .;
 	}

arch/riscv/lib/memcpy.S

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
 #include <asm/asm.h>
 
 /* void *memcpy(void *, const void *, size_t) */
-ENTRY(memcpy)
+ENTRY(__memcpy)
+WEAK(memcpy)
 	move t6, a0  /* Preserve return value */
 
 	/* Defer to byte-oriented copy for small sizes */
@@ -104,4 +105,4 @@ ENTRY(memcpy)
 	bltu a1, a3, 5b
 6:
 	ret
-END(memcpy)
+END(__memcpy)

arch/riscv/lib/memset.S

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
 #include <asm/asm.h>
 
 /* void *memset(void *, int, size_t) */
-ENTRY(memset)
+ENTRY(__memset)
+WEAK(memset)
 	move t0, a0  /* Preserve return value */
 
 	/* Defer to byte-oriented fill for small sizes */
@@ -109,4 +110,4 @@ ENTRY(memset)
 	bltu t0, a3, 5b
 6:
 	ret
-END(memset)
+END(__memset)

arch/riscv/mm/Makefile

@@ -15,3 +15,9 @@ ifeq ($(CONFIG_MMU),y)
 obj-$(CONFIG_SMP) += tlbflush.o
 endif
 obj-$(CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE) += hugetlbpage.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_KASAN)   += kasan_init.o
+
+ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
+KASAN_SANITIZE_kasan_init.o := n
+KASAN_SANITIZE_init.o := n
+endif

arch/riscv/mm/kasan_init.c

+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+// Copyright (C) 2019 Andes Technology Corporation
+
+#include <linux/pfn.h>
+#include <linux/init_task.h>
+#include <linux/kasan.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/memblock.h>
+#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
+#include <asm/fixmap.h>
+
+extern pgd_t early_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD];
+asmlinkage void __init kasan_early_init(void)
+{
+	uintptr_t i;
+	pgd_t *pgd = early_pg_dir + pgd_index(KASAN_SHADOW_START);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; ++i)
+		set_pte(kasan_early_shadow_pte + i,
+			mk_pte(virt_to_page(kasan_early_shadow_page),
+			PAGE_KERNEL));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PMD; ++i)
+		set_pmd(kasan_early_shadow_pmd + i,
+		 pfn_pmd(PFN_DOWN(__pa((uintptr_t)kasan_early_shadow_pte)),
+			__pgprot(_PAGE_TABLE)));
+
+	for (i = KASAN_SHADOW_START; i < KASAN_SHADOW_END;
+	     i += PGDIR_SIZE, ++pgd)
+		set_pgd(pgd,
+		 pfn_pgd(PFN_DOWN(__pa(((uintptr_t)kasan_early_shadow_pmd))),
+			__pgprot(_PAGE_TABLE)));
+
+	/* init for swapper_pg_dir */
+	pgd = pgd_offset_k(KASAN_SHADOW_START);
+
+	for (i = KASAN_SHADOW_START; i < KASAN_SHADOW_END;
+	     i += PGDIR_SIZE, ++pgd)
+		set_pgd(pgd,
+		 pfn_pgd(PFN_DOWN(__pa(((uintptr_t)kasan_early_shadow_pmd))),
+			__pgprot(_PAGE_TABLE)));
+
+	flush_tlb_all();
+}
+
+static void __init populate(void *start, void *end)
+{
+	unsigned long i;
+	unsigned long vaddr = (unsigned long)start & PAGE_MASK;
+	unsigned long vend = PAGE_ALIGN((unsigned long)end);
+	unsigned long n_pages = (vend - vaddr) / PAGE_SIZE;
+	unsigned long n_pmds =
+		(n_pages % PTRS_PER_PTE) ? n_pages / PTRS_PER_PTE + 1 :
+						n_pages / PTRS_PER_PTE;
+	pgd_t *pgd = pgd_offset_k(vaddr);
+	pmd_t *pmd = memblock_alloc(n_pmds * sizeof(pmd_t), PAGE_SIZE);
+	pte_t *pte = memblock_alloc(n_pages * sizeof(pte_t), PAGE_SIZE);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n_pages; i++) {
+		phys_addr_t phys = memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
+
+		set_pte(pte + i, pfn_pte(PHYS_PFN(phys), PAGE_KERNEL));
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n_pmds; ++pgd, i += PTRS_PER_PMD)
+		set_pgd(pgd, pfn_pgd(PFN_DOWN(__pa(((uintptr_t)(pmd + i)))),
+				__pgprot(_PAGE_TABLE)));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n_pages; ++pmd, i += PTRS_PER_PTE)
+		set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(PFN_DOWN(__pa((uintptr_t)(pte + i))),
+				__pgprot(_PAGE_TABLE)));
+
+	flush_tlb_all();
+	memset(start, 0, end - start);
+}
+
+void __init kasan_init(void)
+{
+	struct memblock_region *reg;
+	unsigned long i;
+
+	kasan_populate_early_shadow((void *)KASAN_SHADOW_START,
+			(void *)kasan_mem_to_shadow((void *)VMALLOC_END));
+
+	for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
+		void *start = (void *)__va(reg->base);
+		void *end = (void *)__va(reg->base + reg->size);
+
+		if (start >= end)
+			break;
+
+		populate(kasan_mem_to_shadow(start),
+			 kasan_mem_to_shadow(end));
+	};
+
+	for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
+		set_pte(&kasan_early_shadow_pte[i],
+			mk_pte(virt_to_page(kasan_early_shadow_page),
+			__pgprot(_PAGE_PRESENT | _PAGE_READ | _PAGE_ACCESSED)));
+
+	memset(kasan_early_shadow_page, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
+	init_task.kasan_depth = 0;
+}