This patch adds stack overflow detection to arm64, usable when vmap'd stacks
are in use.

Overflow is detected in a small preamble executed for each exception entry,
which checks whether there is enough space on the current stack for the general
purpose registers to be saved. If there is not enough space, the overflow
handler is invoked on a per-cpu overflow stack. This approach preserves the
original exception information in ESR_EL1 (and where appropriate, FAR_EL1).

Task and IRQ stacks are aligned to double their size, enabling overflow to be
detected with a single bit test. For example, a 16K stack is aligned to 32K,
ensuring that bit 14 of the SP must be zero. On an overflow (or underflow),
this bit is flipped. Thus, overflow (of less than the size of the stack) can be
detected by testing whether this bit is set.

The overflow check is performed before any attempt is made to access the
stack, avoiding recursive faults (and the loss of exception information
these would entail). As logical operations cannot be performed on the SP
directly, the SP is temporarily swapped with a general purpose register
using arithmetic operations to enable the test to be performed.

This gives us a useful error message on stack overflow, as can be trigger with
the LKDTM overflow test:

[  305.388749] lkdtm: Performing direct entry OVERFLOW
[  305.395444] Insufficient stack space to handle exception!
[  305.395482] ESR: 0x96000047 -- DABT (current EL)
[  305.399890] FAR: 0xffff00000a5e7f30
[  305.401315] Task stack:     [0xffff00000a5e8000..0xffff00000a5ec000]
[  305.403815] IRQ stack:      [0xffff000008000000..0xffff000008004000]
[  305.407035] Overflow stack: [0xffff80003efce4e0..0xffff80003efcf4e0]
[  305.409622] CPU: 0 PID: 1219 Comm: sh Not tainted 4.13.0-rc3-00021-g9636aea #5
[  305.412785] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
[  305.415756] task: ffff80003d051c00 task.stack: ffff00000a5e8000
[  305.419221] PC is at recursive_loop+0x10/0x48
[  305.421637] LR is at recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.423768] pc : [<ffff00000859f330>] lr : [<ffff00000859f358>] pstate: 40000145
[  305.428020] sp : ffff00000a5e7f50
[  305.430469] x29: ffff00000a5e8350 x28: ffff80003d051c00
[  305.433191] x27: ffff000008981000 x26: ffff000008f80400
[  305.439012] x25: ffff00000a5ebeb8 x24: ffff00000a5ebeb8
[  305.440369] x23: ffff000008f80138 x22: 0000000000000009
[  305.442241] x21: ffff80003ce65000 x20: ffff000008f80188
[  305.444552] x19: 0000000000000013 x18: 0000000000000006
[  305.446032] x17: 0000ffffa2601280 x16: ffff0000081fe0b8
[  305.448252] x15: ffff000008ff546d x14: 000000000047a4c8
[  305.450246] x13: ffff000008ff7872 x12: 0000000005f5e0ff
[  305.452953] x11: ffff000008ed2548 x10: 000000000005ee8d
[  305.454824] x9 : ffff000008545380 x8 : ffff00000a5e8770
[  305.457105] x7 : 1313131313131313 x6 : 00000000000000e1
[  305.459285] x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 0000000000000000
[  305.461781] x3 : 0000000000000000 x2 : 0000000000000400
[  305.465119] x1 : 0000000000000013 x0 : 0000000000000012
[  305.467724] Kernel panic - not syncing: kernel stack overflow
[  305.470561] CPU: 0 PID: 1219 Comm: sh Not tainted 4.13.0-rc3-00021-g9636aea #5
[  305.473325] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
[  305.475070] Call trace:
[  305.476116] [<ffff000008088ad8>] dump_backtrace+0x0/0x378
[  305.478991] [<ffff000008088e64>] show_stack+0x14/0x20
[  305.481237] [<ffff00000895a178>] dump_stack+0x98/0xb8
[  305.483294] [<ffff0000080c3288>] panic+0x118/0x280
[  305.485673] [<ffff0000080c2e9c>] nmi_panic+0x6c/0x70
[  305.486216] [<ffff000008089710>] handle_bad_stack+0x118/0x128
[  305.486612] Exception stack(0xffff80003efcf3a0 to 0xffff80003efcf4e0)
[  305.487334] f3a0: 0000000000000012 0000000000000013 0000000000000400 0000000000000000
[  305.488025] f3c0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000000000e1 1313131313131313
[  305.488908] f3e0: ffff00000a5e8770 ffff000008545380 000000000005ee8d ffff000008ed2548
[  305.489403] f400: 0000000005f5e0ff ffff000008ff7872 000000000047a4c8 ffff000008ff546d
[  305.489759] f420: ffff0000081fe0b8 0000ffffa2601280 0000000000000006 0000000000000013
[  305.490256] f440: ffff000008f80188 ffff80003ce65000 0000000000000009 ffff000008f80138
[  305.490683] f460: ffff00000a5ebeb8 ffff00000a5ebeb8 ffff000008f80400 ffff000008981000
[  305.491051] f480: ffff80003d051c00 ffff00000a5e8350 ffff00000859f358 ffff00000a5e7f50
[  305.491444] f4a0: ffff00000859f330 0000000040000145 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
[  305.492008] f4c0: 0001000000000000 0000000000000000 ffff00000a5e8350 ffff00000859f330
[  305.493063] [<ffff00000808205c>] __bad_stack+0x88/0x8c
[  305.493396] [<ffff00000859f330>] recursive_loop+0x10/0x48
[  305.493731] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.494088] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.494425] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.494649] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.494898] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.495205] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.495453] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.495708] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.496000] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.496302] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.496644] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.496894] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.497138] [<ffff00000859f358>] recursive_loop+0x38/0x48
[  305.497325] [<ffff00000859f3dc>] lkdtm_OVERFLOW+0x14/0x20
[  305.497506] [<ffff00000859f314>] lkdtm_do_action+0x1c/0x28
[  305.497786] [<ffff00000859f178>] direct_entry+0xe0/0x170
[  305.498095] [<ffff000008345568>] full_proxy_write+0x60/0xa8
[  305.498387] [<ffff0000081fb7f4>] __vfs_write+0x1c/0x128
[  305.498679] [<ffff0000081fcc68>] vfs_write+0xa0/0x1b0
[  305.498926] [<ffff0000081fe0fc>] SyS_write+0x44/0xa0
[  305.499182] Exception stack(0xffff00000a5ebec0 to 0xffff00000a5ec000)
[  305.499429] bec0: 0000000000000001 000000001c4cf5e0 0000000000000009 000000001c4cf5e0
[  305.499674] bee0: 574f4c465245564f 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 8000000080808080
[  305.499904] bf00: 0000000000000040 0000000000000038 fefefeff1b4bc2ff 7f7f7f7f7f7fff7f
[  305.500189] bf20: 0101010101010101 0000000000000000 000000000047a4c8 0000000000000038
[  305.500712] bf40: 0000000000000000 0000ffffa2601280 0000ffffc63f6068 00000000004b5000
[  305.501241] bf60: 0000000000000001 000000001c4cf5e0 0000000000000009 000000001c4cf5e0
[  305.501791] bf80: 0000000000000020 0000000000000000 00000000004b5000 000000001c4cc458
[  305.502314] bfa0: 0000000000000000 0000ffffc63f7950 000000000040a3c4 0000ffffc63f70e0
[  305.502762] bfc0: 0000ffffa2601268 0000000080000000 0000000000000001 0000000000000040
[  305.503207] bfe0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
[  305.503680] [<ffff000008082fb0>] el0_svc_naked+0x24/0x28
[  305.504720] Kernel Offset: disabled
[  305.505189] CPU features: 0x002082
[  305.505473] Memory Limit: none
[  305.506181] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: kernel stack overflow

This patch was co-authored by Ard Biesheuvel and Mark Rutland.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

Both unwind_frame() and dump_backtrace() try to check whether a stack
address is sane to access, with very similar logic. Both will need
updating in order to handle overflow stacks.

Factor out this logic into a helper, so that we can avoid further
duplication when we add overflow stacks.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

This patch enables arm64 to be built with vmap'd task and IRQ stacks.

As vmap'd stacks are mapped at page granularity, stacks must be a multiple of
PAGE_SIZE. This means that a 64K page kernel must use stacks of at least 64K in
size.

To minimize the increase in Image size, IRQ stacks are dynamically allocated at
boot time, rather than embedding the boot CPU's IRQ stack in the kernel image.

This patch was co-authored by Ard Biesheuvel and Mark Rutland.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

We allocate our IRQ stacks using a percpu array. This allows us to generate our
IRQ stack pointers with adr_this_cpu, but bloats the kernel Image with the boot
CPU's IRQ stack. Additionally, these are packed with other percpu variables,
and aren't guaranteed to have guard pages.

When we enable VMAP_STACK we'll want to vmap our IRQ stacks also, in order to
provide guard pages and to permit more stringent alignment requirements. Doing
so will require that we use a percpu pointer to each IRQ stack, rather than
allocating a percpu IRQ stack in the kernel image.

This patch updates our IRQ stack code to use a percpu pointer to the base of
each IRQ stack. This will allow us to change the way the stack is allocated
with minimal changes elsewhere. In some cases we may try to backtrace before
the IRQ stack pointers are initialised, so on_irq_stack() is updated to account
for this.

In testing with cyclictest, there was no measureable difference between using
adr_this_cpu (for irq_stack) and ldr_this_cpu (for irq_stack_ptr) in the IRQ
entry path.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

Given that adr_this_cpu already requires a temp register in addition
to the destination register, tweak the instruction sequence so that sp
may be used as well.

This will simplify switching to per-cpu stacks in subsequent patches. While
this limits the range of adr_this_cpu, to +/-4GiB, we don't currently use
adr_this_cpu in modules, and this is not problematic for the main kernel image.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
[Mark: add more commit text]
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

In subsequent patches, we will detect stack overflow in our exception
entry code, by verifying the SP after it has been decremented to make
space for the exception regs.

This verification code is small, and we can minimize its impact by
placing it directly in the vectors. To avoid redundant modification of
the SP, we also need to move the initial decrement of the SP into the
vectors.

As a preparatory step, this patch introduces kernel_ventry, which
performs this decrement, and updates the entry code accordingly.
Subsequent patches will fold SP verification into kernel_ventry.

There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
[Mark: turn into prep patch, expand commit msg]
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

The EFI stub is intimately coupled with the kernel, and takes advantage
of this by relocating the kernel at a weaker alignment than the
documented boot protocol mandates.

However, it does so by assuming it can align the kernel to the segment
alignment, and assumes that this is 64K. In subsequent patches, we'll
have to consider other details to determine this de-facto alignment
constraint.

This patch adds a new EFI_KIMG_ALIGN definition that will track the
kernel's de-facto alignment requirements. Subsequent patches will modify
this as required.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>

Currently we define SEGMENT_ALIGN directly in our vmlinux.lds.S.

This is unfortunate, as the EFI stub currently open-codes the same
number, and in future we'll want to fiddle with this.

This patch moves the definition to our <asm/memory.h>, where it can be
used by both vmlinux.lds.S and the EFI stub code.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

Before we add yet another stack to the kernel, it would be nice to
ensure that we consistently organise stack definitions and related
helper functions.

This patch moves the basic IRQ stack defintions to <asm/memory.h> to
live with their task stack counterparts. Helpers used for unwinding are
moved into <asm/stacktrace.h>, where subsequent patches will add helpers
for other stacks. Includes are fixed up accordingly.

This patch is a pure refactoring -- there should be no functional
changes as a result of this patch.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

Currently we define THREAD_SIZE and THREAD_SIZE_ORDER separately, with
the latter dependent on particular CONFIG_ARM64_*K_PAGES definitions.
This is somewhat opaque, and will get in the way of future modifications
to THREAD_SIZE.

This patch cleans this up, defining both in terms of a common
THREAD_SHIFT, and using PAGE_SHIFT to calculate THREAD_SIZE_ORDER,
rather than using a number of definitions dependent on config symbols.
Subsequent patches will make use of this to alter the stack size used in
some configurations.

At the same time, these are moved into <asm/memory.h>, which will avoid
circular include issues in subsequent patches. To ensure that existing
code isn't adversely affected, <asm/thread_info.h> is updated to
transitively include these definitions.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

Some headers rely on PAGE_* definitions from <asm/page.h>, but cannot
include this due to potential circular includes. For example, a number
of definitions in <asm/memory.h> rely on PAGE_SHIFT, and <asm/page.h>
includes <asm/memory.h>.

This requires users of these definitions to include both headers, which
is fragile and error-prone.

This patch ameliorates matters by moving the basic definitions out to a
new header, <asm/page-def.h>. Both <asm/page.h> and <asm/memory.h> are
updated to include this, avoiding this fragility, and avoiding the
possibility of circular include dependencies.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

For historical reasons, we leave the top 16 bytes of our task and IRQ
stacks unused, a practice used to ensure that the SP can always be
masked to find the base of the current stack (historically, where
thread_info could be found).

However, this is not necessary, as:

* When an exception is taken from a task stack, we decrement the SP by
  S_FRAME_SIZE and stash the exception registers before we compare the
  SP against the task stack. In such cases, the SP must be at least
  S_FRAME_SIZE below the limit, and can be safely masked to determine
  whether the task stack is in use.

* When transitioning to an IRQ stack, we'll place a dummy frame onto the
  IRQ stack before enabling asynchronous exceptions, or executing code
  we expect to trigger faults. Thus, if an exception is taken from the
  IRQ stack, the SP must be at least 16 bytes below the limit.

* We no longer mask the SP to find the thread_info, which is now found
  via sp_el0. Note that historically, the offset was critical to ensure
  that cpu_switch_to() found the correct stack for new threads that
  hadn't yet executed ret_from_fork().

Given that, this initial offset serves no purpose, and can be removed.
This brings us in-line with other architectures (e.g. x86) which do not
rely on this masking.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
[Mark: rebase, kill THREAD_START_SP, commit msg additions]
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

In some cases, an architecture might wish its stacks to be aligned to a
boundary larger than THREAD_SIZE. For example, using an alignment of
double THREAD_SIZE can allow for stack overflows smaller than
THREAD_SIZE to be detected by checking a single bit of the stack
pointer.

This patch allows architectures to override the alignment of VMAP'd
stacks, by defining THREAD_ALIGN. Where not defined, this defaults to
THREAD_SIZE, as is the case today.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org

Our __die() implementation tries to dump the stack memory, in addition
to a backtrace, which is problematic.

For contemporary 16K stacks, this can be a lot of data, which can take a
long time to dump, and can push other useful context out of the kernel's
printk ringbuffer (and/or a user's scrollback buffer on an attached
console).

Additionally, the code implicitly assumes that the SP is on the task's
stack, and tries to dump everything between the SP and the highest task
stack address. When the SP points at an IRQ stack (or is corrupted),
this makes the kernel attempt to dump vast amounts of VA space. With
vmap'd stacks, this may result in erroneous accesses to peripherals.

This patch removes the memory dump, leaving us to rely on the backtrace,
and other means of dumping stack memory such as kdump.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Tested-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>

The unwind code sets the sp member of struct stackframe to
'frame pointer + 0x10' unconditionally, without regard for whether
doing so produces a legal value. So let's simply remove it now that
we have stopped using it anyway.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

As it turns out, the unwind code is slightly broken, and probably has
been for a while. The problem is in the dumping of the exception stack,
which is intended to dump the contents of the pt_regs struct at each
level in the call stack where an exception was taken and routed to a
routine marked as __exception (which means its stack frame is right
below the pt_regs struct on the stack).

'Right below the pt_regs struct' is ill defined, though: the unwind
code assigns 'frame pointer + 0x10' to the .sp member of the stackframe
struct at each level, and dump_backtrace() happily dereferences that as
the pt_regs pointer when encountering an __exception routine. However,
the actual size of the stack frame created by this routine (which could
be one of many __exception routines we have in the kernel) is not known,
and so frame.sp is pretty useless to figure out where struct pt_regs
really is.

So it seems the only way to ensure that we can find our struct pt_regs
when walking the stack frames is to put it at a known fixed offset of
the stack frame pointer that is passed to such __exception routines.
The simplest way to do that is to put it inside pt_regs itself, which is
the main change implemented by this patch. As a bonus, doing this allows
us to get rid of a fair amount of cruft related to walking from one stack
to the other, which is especially nice since we intend to introduce yet
another stack for overflow handling once we add support for vmapped
stacks. It also fixes an inconsistency where we only add a stack frame
pointing to ELR_EL1 if we are executing from the IRQ stack but not when
we are executing from the task stack.

To consistly identify exceptions regs even in the presence of exceptions
taken from entry code, we must check whether the next frame was created
by entry text, rather than whether the current frame was crated by
exception text.

To avoid backtracing using PCs that fall in the idmap, or are controlled
by userspace, we must explcitly zero the FP and LR in startup paths, and
must ensure that the frame embedded in pt_regs is zeroed upon entry from
EL0. To avoid these NULL entries showin in the backtrace, unwind_frame()
is updated to avoid them.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
[Mark: compare current frame against .entry.text, avoid bogus PCs]
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

Currently, when unwinding the call stack, we validate the frame pointer
of each frame against frame.sp, whose value is not clearly defined, and
which makes it more difficult to link stack frames together across
different stacks. It is far better to simply check whether the frame
pointer itself points into a valid stack.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

Our IRQ_STACK_PTR() and on_irq_stack() helpers both take a cpu argument,
used to generate a percpu address. In all cases, they are passed
{raw_,}smp_processor_id(), so this parameter is redundant.

Since {raw_,}smp_processor_id() use a percpu variable internally, this
approach means we generate a percpu offset to find the current cpu, then
use this to index an array of percpu offsets, which we then use to find
the current CPU's IRQ stack pointer. Thus, most of the work is
redundant.

Instead, we can consistently use raw_cpu_ptr() to generate the CPU's
irq_stack pointer by simply adding the percpu offset to the irq_stack
address, which is simpler in both respects.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

Currently, cpu_switch_to and ret_from_fork both live in .entry.text,
though neither form the critical path for an exception entry.

In subsequent patches, we will require that code in .entry.text is part
of the critical path for exception entry, for which we can assume
certain properties (e.g. the presence of exception regs on the stack).

Neither cpu_switch_to nor ret_from_fork will meet these requirements, so
we must move them out of .entry.text. To ensure that neither are kprobed
after being moved out of .entry.text, we must explicitly blacklist them,
requiring a new NOKPROBE() asm helper.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

In most cases, our exception entry assembly branches to C handlers with
a BL instruction, but in cases where we do not expect to return, we use
B instead.

While this is correct today, it means that backtraces for fatal
exceptions miss the entry assembly (as the LR is stale at the point we
call C code), while non-fatal exceptions have the entry assembly in the
LR. In subsequent patches, we will need the LR to be set in these cases
in order to backtrace reliably.

This patch updates these sites to use a BL, ensuring consistency, and
preparing for backtrace rework. An ASM_BUG() is added after each of
these new BLs, which both catches unexpected returns, and ensures that
the LR value doesn't point to another function label.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

Currently. we can only use BUG() from C code, though there are
situations where we would like an equivalent mechanism in assembly code.

This patch refactors our BUG() definition such that it can be used in
either C or assembly, in the form of a new ASM_BUG().

The refactoring requires the removal of escape sequences, such as '\n'
and '\t', but these aren't strictly necessary as we can use ';' to
terminate assembler statements.

The low-level assembly is factored out into <asm/asm-bug.h>, with
<asm/bug.h> retained as the C wrapper.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Dave Martin <dave.martin@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>

Pull x86 fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A small set of x86 fixes:

   - prevent the kernel from using the EFI reboot method when EFI is
     disabled.

   - two patches addressing clang issues"

* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/boot: Disable the address-of-packed-member compiler warning
  x86/efi: Fix reboot_mode when EFI runtime services are disabled
  x86/boot: #undef memcpy() et al in string.c

Pull scheduler fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Two patches addressing build warnings caused by inconsistent kernel
  doc comments"

* 'sched-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  sched/wait: Clean up some documentation warnings
  sched/core: Fix some documentation build warnings

Pull perf fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A couple of fixes for performance counters and kprobes:

   - a series of small patches which make the uncore performance
     counters on Skylake server systems work correctly

   - add a missing instruction slot release to the failure path of
     kprobes"

* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  kprobes/x86: Release insn_slot in failure path
  perf/x86/intel/uncore: Fix missing marker for skx_uncore_cha_extra_regs
  perf/x86/intel/uncore: Fix SKX CHA event extra regs
  perf/x86/intel/uncore: Remove invalid Skylake server CHA filter field
  perf/x86/intel/uncore: Fix Skylake server CHA LLC_LOOKUP event umask
  perf/x86/intel/uncore: Fix Skylake server PCU PMU event format
  perf/x86/intel/uncore: Fix Skylake UPI PMU event masks

Pull irq fix from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Fix for a regression caused by the conversion of x86 to the generic
  hotplug code.

  Instead of doing a plain single line revert, this adds a pile of
  comments so the semantics of the force argument are clear"

* 'irq-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  genirq/cpuhotplug: Revert "Set force affinity flag on hotplug migration"

Pull DeviceTree fixes from Rob Herring:
 "Two small DT fixes:

   - Fix error handling in of_irq_to_resource_table() due to
     of_irq_to_resource() error return changes.

   - Fix dtx_diff script due to dts include path changes"

* tag 'devicetree-fixes-for-4.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/robh/linux:
  of: irq: fix of_irq_to_resource() error check
  scripts/dtc: dtx_diff - update include dts paths to match build

Pull NFS client fixes from Anna Schumaker:
 "More NFS client bugfixes for 4.13.

  Most of these fix locking bugs that Ben and Neil noticed, but I also
  have a patch to fix one more access bug that was reported after last
  week.

  Stable fixes:
   - Fix a race where CB_NOTIFY_LOCK fails to wake a waiter
   - Invalidate file size when taking a lock to prevent corruption

  Other fixes:
   - Don't excessively generate tiny writes with fallocate
   - Use the raw NFS access mask in nfs4_opendata_access()"

* tag 'nfs-for-4.13-3' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/anna/linux-nfs:
  NFSv4.1: Fix a race where CB_NOTIFY_LOCK fails to wake a waiter
  NFS: Optimize fallocate by refreshing mapping when needed.
  NFS: invalidate file size when taking a lock.
  NFS: Use raw NFS access mask in nfs4_opendata_access()

Pull xfs fixes from Darrick Wong:

 - fix firstfsb variables that we left uninitialized, which could lead
   to locking problems.

 - check for NULL metadata buffer pointers before using them.

 - don't allow btree cursor manipulation if the btree block is corrupt.
   Better to just shut down.

 - fix infinite loop problems in quotacheck.

 - fix buffer overrun when validating directory blocks.

 - fix deadlock problem in bunmapi.

* tag 'xfs-4.13-fixes-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfs-linux:
  xfs: fix multi-AG deadlock in xfs_bunmapi
  xfs: check that dir block entries don't off the end of the buffer
  xfs: fix quotacheck dquot id overflow infinite loop
  xfs: check _alloc_read_agf buffer pointer before using
  xfs: set firstfsb to NULLFSBLOCK before feeding it to _bmapi_write
  xfs: check _btree_check_block value

Pull KVM fixes from Paolo Bonzini:
 "s390:
   - SRCU fix

  PPC:
   - host crash fixes

  x86:
   - bugfixes, including making nested posted interrupts really work

  Generic:
   - tweaks to kvm_stat and to uevents"

* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm:
  KVM: LAPIC: Fix reentrancy issues with preempt notifiers
  tools/kvm_stat: add '-f help' to get the available event list
  tools/kvm_stat: use variables instead of hard paths in help output
  KVM: nVMX: Fix loss of L2's NMI blocking state
  KVM: nVMX: Fix posted intr delivery when vcpu is in guest mode
  x86: irq: Define a global vector for nested posted interrupts
  KVM: x86: do mask out upper bits of PAE CR3
  KVM: make pid available for uevents without debugfs
  KVM: s390: take srcu lock when getting/setting storage keys
  KVM: VMX: remove unused field
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix host crash on changing HPT size
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Enable TM before accessing TM registers

Pull xen fixes from Juergen Gross:
 "Three minor cleanups for xen related drivers"

* tag 'for-linus-4.13b-rc3-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip:
  xen: dont fiddle with event channel masking in suspend/resume
  xen: selfballoon: remove unnecessary static in frontswap_selfshrink()
  xen: Drop un-informative message during boot

Pull arm64 fixes from Will Deacon:
 "I'd been collecting these whilst we debugged a CPU hotplug failure,
  but we ended up diagnosing that one to tglx, who has taken a fix via
  the -tip tree separately.

  We're seeing some NFS issues that we haven't gotten to the bottom of
  yet, and we've uncovered some issues with our backtracing too so there
  might be another fixes pull before we're done.

  Summary:

   - Ensure we have a guard page after the kernel image in vmalloc

   - Fix incorrect prefetch stride in copy_page

   - Ensure irqs are disabled in die()

   - Fix for event group validation in QCOM L2 PMU driver

   - Fix requesting of PMU IRQs on AMD Seattle

   - Minor cleanups and fixes"

* tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
  arm64: mmu: Place guard page after mapping of kernel image
  drivers/perf: arm_pmu: Request PMU SPIs with IRQF_PER_CPU
  arm64: sysreg: Fix unprotected macro argmuent in write_sysreg
  perf: qcom_l2: fix column exclusion check
  arm64/lib: copy_page: use consistent prefetch stride
  arm64/numa: Drop duplicate message
  perf: Convert to using %pOF instead of full_name
  arm64: Convert to using %pOF instead of full_name
  arm64: traps: disable irq in die()
  arm64: atomics: Remove '&' from '+&' asm constraint in lse atomics
  arm64: uaccess: Remove redundant __force from addr cast in __range_ok

Pull powerpc fixes from Michael Ellerman:
 "The highlight is Ben's patch to work around a host killing bug when
  running KVM guests with the Radix MMU on Power9. See the long change
  log of that commit for more detail.

  And then three fairly minor fixes:

   - fix of_node_put() underflow during reconfig remove, using old DLPAR
     tools.

   - fix recently introduced ld version check with 64-bit LE-only
     toolchain.

   - free the subpage_prot_table correctly, avoiding a memory leak.

  Thanks to: Aneesh Kumar K.V, Benjamin Herrenschmidt, Laurent Vivier"

* tag 'powerpc-4.13-4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux:
  powerpc/mm/hash: Free the subpage_prot_table correctly
  powerpc/Makefile: Fix ld version check with 64-bit LE-only toolchain
  powerpc/pseries: Fix of_node_put() underflow during reconfig remove
  powerpc/mm/radix: Workaround prefetch issue with KVM

nfs4_retry_setlk() sets the task's state to TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE within the
same region protected by the wait_queue's lock after checking for a
notification from CB_NOTIFY_LOCK callback.  However, after releasing that
lock, a wakeup for that task may race in before the call to
freezable_schedule_timeout_interruptible() and set TASK_WAKING, then
freezable_schedule_timeout_interruptible() will set the state back to
TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE before the task will sleep.  The result is that the task
will sleep for the entire duration of the timeout.

Since we've already set TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE in the locked section, just use
freezable_schedule_timout() instead.

Fixes: a1d617d8 ("nfs: allow blocking locks to be awoken by lock callbacks")
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.9+
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>

Pull crypto fixes from Herbert Xu:

 - remove broken dt bindings in inside-secure

 - fix authencesn crash when used with digest_null

 - fix cavium/nitrox firmware path

 - fix SHA3 failure in brcm

 - fix Kconfig dependency for brcm

* 'linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/herbert/crypto-2.6:
  crypto: authencesn - Fix digest_null crash
  crypto: brcm - remove BCM_PDC_MBOX dependency in Kconfig
  Documentation/bindings: crypto: remove the dma-mask property
  crypto: inside-secure - do not parse the dma mask from dt
  crypto: cavium/nitrox - Change in firmware path.
  crypto: brcm - Fix SHA3-512 algorithm failure

Pull btrfs fixes from David Sterba:
 "Fixes addressing problems reported by users, and there's one more
  regression fix"

* 'for-4.13-part3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux:
  btrfs: round down size diff when shrinking/growing device
  Btrfs: fix early ENOSPC due to delalloc
  btrfs: fix lockup in find_free_extent with read-only block groups
  Btrfs: fix dir item validation when replaying xattr deletes

Pull MD fixes from Shaohua Li:
 "This fixes several bugs, three of them are marked for stable:

   - an initialization issue fixed by Ming

   - a bio clone race issue fixed by me

   - an async tx flush issue fixed by Ofer

   - other cleanups"

* 'for-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shli/md:
  MD: fix warnning for UP case
  md/raid5: add thread_group worker async_tx_issue_pending_all
  md: simplify code with bio_io_error
  md/raid1: fix writebehind bio clone
  md: raid1-10: move raid1/raid10 common code into raid1-10.c
  md: raid1/raid10: initialize bvec table via bio_add_page()
  md: remove 'idx' from 'struct resync_pages'

Merge tag 'for-4.13/dm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm

Pull device mapper fixes from Mike Snitzer:

 - a few DM integrity fixes that improve performance. One that address
   inefficiencies in the on-disk journal device layout. Another that
   makes use of the block layer's on-stack plugging when writing the
   journal.

 - a dm-bufio fix for the blk_status_t conversion that went in during
   the merge window.

 - a few DM raid fixes that address correctness when suspending the
   device and a validation fix for validation that occurs during device
   activation.

 - a couple DM zoned target fixes. Important one being the fix to not
   use GFP_KERNEL in the IO path due to concerns about deadlock in
   low-memory conditions (e.g. swap over a DM zoned device, etc).

 - a DM DAX device fix to make sure dm_dax_flush() is called if the
   underlying DAX device is operating as a write cache.

* tag 'for-4.13/dm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm:
  dm, dax: Make sure dm_dax_flush() is called if device supports it
  dm verity fec: fix GFP flags used with mempool_alloc()
  dm zoned: use GFP_NOIO in I/O path
  dm zoned: remove test for impossible REQ_OP_FLUSH conditions
  dm raid: bump target version
  dm raid: avoid mddev->suspended access
  dm raid: fix activation check in validate_raid_redundancy()
  dm raid: remove WARN_ON() in raid10_md_layout_to_format()
  dm bufio: fix error code in dm_bufio_write_dirty_buffers()
  dm integrity: test for corrupted disk format during table load
  dm integrity: WARN_ON if variables representing journal usage get out of sync
  dm integrity: use plugging when writing the journal
  dm integrity: fix inefficient allocation of journal space

Pull block fixes from Jens Axboe:
 "A small collection of fixes that should go into this series. This
  contains:

   - NVMe pull request from Christoph, with various fixes for nvme
     proper and nvme-fc.

   - disable runtime PM for blk-mq for now.

     With scsi now defaulting to using blk-mq, this reared its head as
     an issue. Longer term we'll fix up runtime PM for blk-mq, for now
     just disable it to prevent a hang on laptop resume for some folks.

   - blk-mq CPU <-> hw queue map fix from Christoph.

   - xen/blkfront pull request from Konrad, with two small fixes for the
     blkfront driver.

   - a few fixups for nbd from Joseph.

   - a stable fix for pblk from Javier"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  lightnvm: pblk: advance bio according to lba index
  nvme: validate admin queue before unquiesce
  nbd: clear disconnected on reconnect
  nvme-pci: fix HMB size calculation
  nvme-fc: revise TRADDR parsing
  nvme-fc: address target disconnect race conditions in fcp io submit
  nvme: fabrics commands should use the fctype field for data direction
  nvme: also provide a UUID in the WWID sysfs attribute
  xen/blkfront: always allocate grants first from per-queue persistent grants
  xen-blkfront: fix mq start/stop race
  blk-mq: map queues to all present CPUs
  block: disable runtime-pm for blk-mq
  xen-blkfront: Fix handling of non-supported operations
  nbd: only set sndtimeo if we have a timeout set
  nbd: take tx_lock before disconnecting
  nbd: allow multiple disconnects to be sent

Pull MMC fixes from Ulf Hansson:
 "Here are a couple of mmc fixes intended for v4.13-rc1.

  I have also included a couple of cleanup patches in this pull request
  for OMAP2+, related to the omap_hsmmc driver. The reason is because of
  the changes are also depending on OMAP SoC specific code, so this
  simplifies how to deal with this.

  Summary:

  MMC host:
   - sunxi: Correct time phase settings
   - omap_hsmmc: Clean up some dead code
   - dw_mmc: Fix message printed for deprecated num-slots DT binding
   - dw_mmc: Fix DT documentation"

* tag 'mmc-v4.13-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ulfh/mmc:
  Documentation: dw-mshc: deprecate num-slots
  mmc: dw_mmc: fix the wrong condition check of getting num-slots from DT
  mmc: host: omap_hsmmc: remove unused platform callbacks
  ARM: OMAP2+: hsmmc.c: Remove dead code
  mmc: sunxi: Keep default timing phase settings for new timing mode