Assertion `!writer.checksum_len || writer.remains == 0' fails upon
concurrent online ALTER and transactions with failing statements and binary
log enabled.
Also another assertion, `pos != (~(my_off_t) 0)', fails in my_seek, upon
reinit_io_cache, on a simplified test. This means that IO_CACHE wasn't
properly initialized, or had an error before.

The overall problem is a deep interference with the effect of an installed
binlog_hton: the assumption about that thd->binlog_get_cache_mngr() is,
sufficiently, NULL, when we shouldn't run the binlog part of
binlog_commit/binlog_rollback, is wrong: as turns out, sometimes the binlog
handlerton can be not installed in current thd, but binlog_commit can be
called on behalf of binlog, as in the bug reported.

One separate condition found is XA recovery of the orphaned transaction,
when binlog_commit is also called, but it has nothing to do with
online alter.

Solution:
Extract online alter operations into a separate handlerton.