All callers of open_cached_file() use 2 characters prefix. Allocating memory for
such short string is an overkill. Store it on IO_CACHE structure instead.

All callers of open_cached_file() use mysql_tmpdir as dir. No need to allocate
memory for it since it is constant and available till server shutdown.

This reduces number of allocations from 31 to 27 per OLTP RO transaction.