Add and adjust a test from MySQL:

commit 12343617922cfd9c48ee84ad6ecf53068d822010
Author: Thirunarayanan Balathandayuthapani <thirunarayanan.balathandayuth@oracle.com>
Date:   Fri Jul 15 14:39:37 2016 +0530

    Bug #23475211   COMBINING ALTER OPERATIONS TRIGGERS TABLE REBUILD

The code fix is already present.

mysql-test/suite/innodb/r/innodb-index-online-norebuild.result

+# INPLACE ALTER WITH INPLACE_IGNORE FLAG AND CHANGE CREATE OPTION
+# CHANGE THE COLUMN DEFAULT (INPLACE_IGNORE)
+# AND TABLE CHARSET(CHANGE CREATE)
+CREATE TABLE t1(
+id INT PRIMARY KEY,
+f1 INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0)ENGINE=INNODB;
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
+SET SQL_MODE='STRICT_ALL_TABLES';
+ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY COLUMN f1 INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1, ALGORITHM=INPLACE;
+DROP TABLE t1;
+# CHANGE THE COMMENT OF COLUMN(INPLACE IGNORE)
+# AND TABLE CHARSET(CHANGE CREATE)
+CREATE TABLE t1(id INT COMMENT 'independence day')ENGINE=INNODB;
+INSERT INTO t1 values(1);
+ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY COLUMN id INT COMMENT 'identifier',
+DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1, ALGORITHM=INPLACE;
+DROP TABLE t1;
+# RENAME THE TABLE(INPLACE IGNORE)
+# AND CHANGE TABLE CHARSET(CHANGE CREATE)
+CREATE TABLE t1(
+f1 INT NOT NULL,
+f2 INT NOT NULL)ENGINE=INNODB;
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
+ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME t2, DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1, ALGORITHM=INPLACE;
+DROP TABLE t2;

mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/innodb-index-online-norebuild.opt

+--loose-innodb-sys-tables

mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/innodb-index-online-norebuild.test

+--source include/have_innodb.inc
+
+--echo # INPLACE ALTER WITH INPLACE_IGNORE FLAG AND CHANGE CREATE OPTION
+
+--echo # CHANGE THE COLUMN DEFAULT (INPLACE_IGNORE)
+--echo # AND TABLE CHARSET(CHANGE CREATE)
+
+CREATE TABLE t1(
+	id INT PRIMARY KEY,
+	f1 INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0)ENGINE=INNODB;
+
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
+
+let id_before_alter =`SELECT table_id FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_SYS_TABLES WHERE name="test/t1"`;
+
+# Allow the following operation to report errors.
+SET SQL_MODE='STRICT_ALL_TABLES';
+ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY COLUMN f1 INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+	       DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1, ALGORITHM=INPLACE;
+
+let id_after_alter =`SELECT table_id FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_SYS_TABLES WHERE name="test/t1"`;
+
+if ($id_before_alter != $id_after_alter)
+{
+  --echo "Table rebuild happened";
+}
+
+DROP TABLE t1;
+
+--echo # CHANGE THE COMMENT OF COLUMN(INPLACE IGNORE)
+--echo # AND TABLE CHARSET(CHANGE CREATE)
+
+CREATE TABLE t1(id INT COMMENT 'independence day')ENGINE=INNODB;
+
+INSERT INTO t1 values(1);
+
+let id_before_alter =`SELECT table_id FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_SYS_TABLES WHERE name="test/t1"`;
+
+ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY COLUMN id INT COMMENT 'identifier',
+	       DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1, ALGORITHM=INPLACE;
+
+let id_after_alter =`SELECT table_id FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_SYS_TABLES WHERE name="test/t1"`;
+
+if ($id_before_alter != $id_after_alter)
+{
+  --echo "Table rebuild happened";
+}
+
+DROP TABLE t1;
+
+--echo # RENAME THE TABLE(INPLACE IGNORE)
+--echo # AND CHANGE TABLE CHARSET(CHANGE CREATE)
+
+CREATE TABLE t1(
+	f1 INT NOT NULL,
+	f2 INT NOT NULL)ENGINE=INNODB;
+
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 2);
+
+let id_before_alter =`SELECT table_id FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_SYS_TABLES WHERE name="test/t1"`;
+
+ALTER TABLE t1 RENAME t2, DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1, ALGORITHM=INPLACE;
+
+let id_after_alter =`SELECT table_id FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_SYS_TABLES WHERE name="test/t2"`;
+
+if ($id_before_alter != $id_after_alter)
+{
+  --echo "Table rebuild happened";
+}
+
+DROP TABLE t2;