Fixes also MDEV-13488: InnoDB writes CRYPT_INFO even though
encryption is not enabled.

Problem was that we created encryption metadata (crypt_data) for
system tablespace even when no encryption was enabled and too early.
System tablespace can be encrypted only using key rotation.

Test innodb-key-rotation-disable, innodb_encryption, innodb_lotoftables
require adjustment because INFORMATION_SCHEMA INNODB_TABLESPACES_ENCRYPTION
contain row only if tablespace really has encryption metadata.

fil_crypt_set_thread_cnt: Send message to background encryption threads
if they exits when they are ready. This is required to find tablespaces
requiring key rotation if no other changes happen.

fil_crypt_find_space_to_rotate: Decrease the amount of time waiting
when nothing happens to better enable key rotation on startup.

fsp_header_init: Write encryption metadata to page 0 only if tablespace is
encrypted or encryption is disabled by table option.

i_s_dict_fill_tablespaces_encryption : Skip tablespaces that do not
contain encryption metadata. This is required to avoid too early
wait condition trigger in encrypted -> unencrypted state transfer.

open_or_create_data_files: Do not create encryption metadata
by default to system tablespace.

If this variable is set, skip actual AWS calls, and fake/mock
both generation and encryption of the keys.

The advantage of having a mock mode is that more aws_key_management tests
can be enabled on buildbot.

cases.

Problem is that page 0 and its possible enrryption information
is not read for undo tablespaces.

fil_crypt_get_latest_key_version(): Do not send event to
encryption threads if event does not yet exists. Seen
on regression testing.

fil_read_first_page: Add new parameter does page belong to
undo tablespace and if it does, we do not read FSP_HEADER.

srv_undo_tablespace_open : Read first page of the tablespace
to get crypt_data if it exists and pass it to fil_space_create.

Tested using innodb_encryption with combinations with
innodb-undo-tablespaces.

The function ibuf_remove_free_page() may be called while the caller
is holding several mutexes or rw-locks. Because of this, this
housekeeping loop may cause performance glitches for operations that
involve tables that are stored in the InnoDB system tablespace.
Also deadlocks might be possible.

The worst impact of all is that due to the mutexes being held, calls to
log_free_check() had to be skipped during this housekeeping.
This means that the cyclic InnoDB redo log may be overwritten.
If the system crashes during this, it would be unable to recover.

The entry point to the problematic code is ibuf_free_excess_pages().
It would make sense to call it before acquiring any mutexes or rw-locks,
in any 'pessimistic' operation that involves the system tablespace.

fseg_create_general(), fseg_alloc_free_page_general(): Do not call
ibuf_free_excess_pages() while potentially holding some latches.

ibuf_remove_free_page(): Do call log_free_check(), like every operation
that is about to generate redo log should do.

ibuf_free_excess_pages(): Remove some assertions that are replaced
by stricter assertions in the log_free_check() that is now called by
ibuf_remove_free_page().

row_ins_sec_index_entry(), row_undo_ins_remove_sec_low(),
row_undo_mod_del_mark_or_remove_sec_low(),
row_undo_mod_del_unmark_sec_and_undo_update(): Call
ibuf_free_excess_pages() if the operation may involve allocating pages
and change buffering in the system tablespace.

Its output is useless,and, in case of large output, it also may prevent
with search_pattern_in_file.inc from working.

This is a genuine error, and will crash debug buildd in runtime checks if not fixed.
it is better to fail during compile.

The workaround, an extra cmake calls, somehow makes the
connect/cmake_install.cmake to lose installation of connect-engine's
specific jar files.

When MySQL 5.0.3 introduced InnoDB support for two-phase commit,
it also introduced the questionable logic to roll back XA PREPARE
transactions on startup when innodb_force_recovery is 1 or 2.

Remove this logic in order to avoid unwanted side effects when
innodb_force_recovery is being set for other reasons. That is,
XA PREPARE transactions will always remain in that state until
InnoDB receives an explicit XA ROLLBACK or XA COMMIT request
from the upper layer.

At the time the logic was introduced in MySQL 5.0.3, there already
was a startup parameter that is the preferred way of achieving
the behaviour: --tc-heuristic-recover=ROLLBACK.

In key rotation, we must initialize unallocated but previously
initialized pages, so that if encryption is enabled on a table,
all clear-text data for the page will eventually be overwritten.
But we should not rotate keys on pages that were never allocated
after the data file was created.

According to the latching order rules, after acquiring the
tablespace latch, no page latches of previously allocated user pages
may be acquired. So, key rotation should check the page allocation
status after acquiring the page latch, not before. But, the latching
order rules also prohibit accessing pages that were not allocated first,
and then acquiring the tablespace latch. Such behaviour would indeed
result in a deadlock when running the following tests:
encryption.innodb_encryption-page-compression
encryption.innodb-checksum-algorithm

Because the key rotation is accessing potentially unallocated pages, it
cannot reliably check if these pages were allocated. It can only check
the page header. If the page number is zero, we can assume that the
page is unallocated.

fil_crypt_rotate_page(): Detect uninitialized pages by FIL_PAGE_OFFSET.
Page 0 is never encrypted, and on other pages that are initialized,
FIL_PAGE_OFFSET must contain the page number.

fil_crypt_is_page_uninitialized(): Remove. It suffices to check the
page number field in fil_crypt_rotate_page().

prepend enable-named-pipe (windows-only) option in auth_plugin_win.opt
with loose- prefix, to avoid warning on non-Windows.

if plugin_dir is specified. Also, allow to specify protocol (e.g pipe)

Problem was that if column was created in alter table when
it was refered again it was not tried to find from list
of current columns.

mysql_prepare_alter_table:
  There is two cases
    (1) If alter table adds a new column and then later alter
        changes the field definition, there was no check from
	list of new columns, instead an incorrect error was given.
    (2) If alter table adds a new column and then later alter
        changes the default, there was no check from list of
	new columns, instead an incorrect error was given.

srv_undo_tablespaces_init(): In Mariabackup backup mode,
do initialize the array of undo_tablespace_ids[].

Page read could return DB_PAGE_CORRUPTED error that should
be reported and passed to upper layer. In case of unknown
error code we should print both number and string.

This is because they could cause out of storage if run on /dev/shm.

Merged from mysql-wsrep-bugs following:

GCF-1058 MTR test galera.MW-86 fails on repeated runs
Wait for the sync point sync.wsrep_apply_cb to be reached before
executing the test and clearing the debug flag sync.wsrep_apply_cb.

The race scenario:

Intended behavior:
node2: set sync.wsrep_apply_cb in order to start waiting in the background INSERT
node1: INSERT start
node2 (background): INSERT start
node1: INSERT end
node2: send signal to background INSERT: "stop waiting and continue executing"
node2: clear sync.wsrep_apply_cb as no longer needed
node2 (background): consume the signal
node2 (background): INSERT end
node2: DROP TABLE
node2: check no pending signals are left - ok

What happens occasionally (unexpected):
node2: set sync.wsrep_apply_cb in order to start waiting in the background INSERT
node1: INSERT start
node2 (background): INSERT start
node1: INSERT end
// The background INSERT still has _not_ reached the place where it starts
// waiting for the signal:
// DBUG_EXECUTE_IF("sync.wsrep_apply_cb", "now wait_for...");
node2: send signal to background INSERT: "stop waiting and continue executing"
node2: clear sync.wsrep_apply_cb as no longer needed
// The background INSERT reaches DBUG_EXECUTE_IF("sync.wsrep_apply_cb", ...)
// but sync.wsrep_apply_cb has already been cleared and the "wait" code is not
// executed. The signal remains unconsumed.
node2 (background): INSERT end
node2: DROP TABLE
node2: check no pending signals are left - failure, signal.wsrep_apply_cb is
pending (not consumed)

Remove MW-360 test case as it is not intended for MariaDB (uses
MySQL GTID).

Follow-up to original patch: fixing test cases.

also fix innodb

Conflicts:
	mysql-test/include/kill_and_restart_mysqld.inc

Refs: MW-363 * enabling binlog file copying even for binlog files with basename "0" * mtr suite uses binlog files with names: 0.000001, 0.000002.. and so on

MW-378 enabling build with WITH_WSREP=OFF only one fix here, enables build of mysqld however, building embedded server fails in linking phase