This fixes bugs where upgrading MariaDB failed to start after an upgrade
from MySQL 5.7 in Ubuntu, where auth_socket has been the default for MySQL
as well for some time now.

This was adopted from Debian where this change has been since Apr 18, 2019:
https://salsa.debian.org/mariadb-team/mariadb-10.4/-/commit/3919860b6a4ef98c098fef35fb34601adbb132b2

MDEV-22051: Protocol::end_statement(): Assertion `0' failed on Galera node upon DDL attempt with conflicting lock

If FTWRL is issued, DDL statements should report error back to user before
TOI is started.

The bug was already fixed in
commit 1242eb3d
but the test innodb.innodb_wl6326 had not been enabled.

There is a 4 MB hard limit on Travis-CI and build output needs to be less
than that. Silencing the 'make install' step gets rid of a lot of
"Installing.." and "Missing.." and removing all mysql-test files will
make the dh_missing warnings much shorter.

Backported from 30b44aae.

Turn read cache off for periodic update.

Like 498a96a4 says:

Aria with row_format=fixed uses IO_CACHE of type READ_CACHE for
sequential read in update loop. When history row is inserted inside
this loop the cache misses it and fails with error.

This applicable to any additional row inserts on UPDATE. In this case
it was initiated by UPDATE FOR PORTION.

Related to MDEV-20441.

- Fixed mysql_prepare_create_table() constraint duplicate checking;
- Refactored period constraint handling in mysql_prepare_alter_table():
  * No need to allocate new objects;
  * Keep old constraint name but exclude it from dup checking by automatic_name;
- Some minor memory leaks fixed;
- Some conceptual TODOs.

- Print the rowid filters that are available for use with each table.
- Make print_best_access_for_table() print which filter it has picked.
- Make best_access_path() print the filter for considered ref accesses.

When binlog is disabled, WSREP will not behave correctly when
SAVEPOINT ROLLBACK is executed and we will not rollback transaction.

If a table is altered using the MDEV-11369/MDEV-15562/MDEV-13134
ALGORITHM=INSTANT, it can force the table to use a non-canonical
format:

* A hidden metadata record at the start of the clustered index
is used to store each column's DEFAULT value. This makes it possible
to add new columns that have default values without rebuilding the table.

* Starting with MDEV-15562 in MariaDB Server 10.4, a BLOB in the
hidden metadata record is used to store column mappings. This makes
it possible to drop or reorder columns without rebuilding the table.
This also makes it possible to add columns to any position or drop
columns from any position in the table without rebuilding the table.

If a column is dropped without rebuilding the table, old records
will contain garbage in that column's former position, and new records
will be written with NULL values, empty strings, or dummy values.

This is generally not a problem. However, there may be cases where
users may want to avoid putting a table into this format.
For example, users may want to ensure that future UPDATE operations
after an ADD COLUMN will be performed in-place, to reduce write
amplification. (Instantly added columns are essentially always
variable-length.) Users might also want to avoid bugs similar to
MDEV-19916, or they may want to be able to export tables to
older versions of the server.

We will introduce the option innodb_instant_alter_column_allowed,
with the following values:

* never (0): Do not allow instant add/drop/reorder,
to maintain format compatibility with MariaDB 10.x and MySQL 5.x.
If the table (or partition) is not in the canonical format, then
any ALTER TABLE (even one that does not involve instant column
operations) will force a table rebuild.

* add_last (1, default in 10.3): Store a hidden metadata record that
allows columns to be appended to the table instantly (MDEV-11369).
In 10.4 or later, if the table (or partition) is not in this format,
then any ALTER TABLE (even one that does not involve column changes)
will force a table rebuild.

Starting with 10.4:

* add_drop_reorder (2, default): Like 'add_last', but allow the
metadata record to store a column map, to support instant
add/drop/reorder of columns (MDEV-15562).

		partition does rebuild

- In ha_innobase::commit_inplace_alter_table() assumes that all partition
should do the same kind of alter operations. During DDL, if one partition
requires table rebuild and other partition doesn't need rebuild
then all partition should be forced to rebuild.

MDEV-22019: Sig 11 in next_breadth_first_tab | max_sort_length setting + double GROUP BY leads to crash

No need to create a temp table for aggregation if we have encountered some error.

MDEV-7861 main.innodb_mysql_lock fails sporadically in buildbot

Empty comment has a correct length.

One may access freed THD members after LOCK_thd_kill is released.

With original code it can happen when killing wsrep-disabled thread on a
wsrep-enabled server. With 91ab42a8 it is happening on a wsrep-disabled
server.

Backport to 10.4:

- Don't try to push down SELECTs that have a side effect

- In case the storage engine did support pushdown of SELECT with an INTO
  clause, write the rows we've got from it into select->join->result,
  and not thd->protocol.  This way, SELECT ... INTO ... FROM
  smart_engine_table will put the result into where instructed, and
  NOT send it to the client.

Also allocate inuse_relaylog with new rather than my_malloc(MY_ZEROFILL).

A desperate attempt to workaround MemorySanitizer deficiencies.

If async slave thread (slave SQL handler), becomes a BF victim, it may occasionally happen that rollbacker thread is used to carry out the rollback instead of the async slave thread.
This can happen, if async slave thread has flagged "idle" state when BF thread tries to figure out how to kill the victim.
The issue was possible to test by using a galera cluster as slave for external master, and issuing high load of conflicting writes through async replication and directly against galera cluster nodes.
However, a deterministic mtr test for the "conflict window" has not yet been worked on.

The fix, in this patch makes sure that async slave thread state is never set to IDLE. This prevents the rollbacker thread to intervene.
The wsrep_query_state change was refactored to happen by dedicated function to make controlling the idle state change in one place.

The test failed to specify default-character-set when
invoking the client. The compile-time default parameters of the
client could be overridden by configuration files in /etc/mysql.
Let us explicitly specify --default-character-set.

This bug could cause a crash for any query that used a derived table/view/CTE
whose specification was a SELECT with a GROUP BY clause and a FROM list
containing 32 or more table references.
The problem appeared only in the cases when the splitting optimization
could be applied to such derived table/view/CTE.

MDEV-22006 runtime error: null pointer passed as argument 2, which is declared to never be null in JOIN::copy_ref_ptr_array()

Do not memcpy() a zero-length buffer

		redo log during recovery

- InnoDB unnecessarily reads the page even though it has fully initialized
buffered redo log records. Allow the page initialization redo log to
apply for the page in buf_page_get_gen() during recovery.
- Renamed buf_page_get_gen() to buf_page_get_low()
- Newly added buf_page_get_gen() will check for buffered redo log for
the particular page id during recovery
- Added new function buf_page_mtr_lock() which basically latches the page
for the given latch type.
- recv_recovery_create_page() is inline function which creates a page
if it has page initialization redo log records.

MDEV-19658 UBSAN: runtime error: load of value 2779096485, which is not a valid value for type 'enum_binlog_format'

This is an uninitialized read.

THD::THD: initialize current_stmt_binlog_format member

Update submodule, change the source file list
rename CACHE_LINE_SIZE in ut0counter, so it does not conflics with
rocksdb sources, which also defines this constant now.

- mbmaxlen is always 0 for binary field. Ignore the assert of checking
field->prefix_len % field->col->mbmaxlen == 0.