Also get rid of example ini files, they do not provide any value,
just confusion

The InnoDB redo log record type MLOG_COMP_REC_SEC_DELETE_MARK has
been unused for a long time, and it has never been written after
WL#8845 introduced the redo log format identifier in MySQL 5.7.9
or MariaDB Server 10.2.2. Thus, removing the record type does not
constitute any functional change.

Define my_thread_id as an unsigned type, to avoid mismatch with
ulonglong.  Change some parameters to this type.

Use size_t in a few more places.

Declare many flag constants as unsigned to avoid sign mismatch
when shifting bits or applying the unary ~ operator.

When applying the unary ~ operator to enum constants, explictly
cast the result to an unsigned type, because enum constants can
be treated as signed.

In InnoDB, change the source code line number parameters from
ulint to unsigned type. Also, make some InnoDB functions return
a narrower type (unsigned or uint32_t instead of ulint;
bool instead of ibool).

To facilitate multiple build types in Travis, the environment variable
MYSQL_{BUILD_CC,BUILD_CXX} will be passed to cmake if used. This will
fallback to $CC/$CXX otherwise.

Added MYSQL_COMPILER_LAUNCHER (usually ccache) which isn't supported
until cmake-3.4, which isn't in travis (trusty), but hopefully a later
version can use it or in CI systems other than travis.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Black <daniel.black@au.ibm.com>

Merge branch '10.2-MDEV-120555-test_binlog_stm_ctype_ucs' of https://github.com/grooverdan/mariadb-server into grooverdan-10.2-MDEV-120555-test_binlog_stm_ctype_ucs

The function thd_supports_xa() was removed in MySQL 5.7 in WL#8843.

Remove the unused variable innodb_calling_exit which was added
in MySQL 5.7 in an attempt to avoid failures in other threads when
an I/O thread calls exit().

Since MDEV-9282, InnoDB or XtraDB MariaDB Server is not calling
exit() at all, and the variable innodb_calling_exit was never set.

Because the default build configuration of the server will remain
at -DWITH_INNODB_AHI=ON, we want to test the instrumentation.

We make and revert the test adjustments in separate commits on purpose,
so that this commit can be easily reverted later if the default
build configuration is changed to -DWITH_INNODB_AHI=OFF.

The InnoDB adaptive hash index is sometimes degrading the performance of
InnoDB, and it is sometimes disabled to get more consistent performance.
We should have a compile-time option to disable the adaptive hash index.

Let us introduce two options:

OPTION(WITH_INNODB_AHI "Include innodb_adaptive_hash_index" ON)
OPTION(WITH_INNODB_ROOT_GUESS "Cache index root block descriptors" ON)

where WITH_INNODB_AHI always implies WITH_INNODB_ROOT_GUESS.

As part of this change, the misleadingly named function
trx_search_latch_release_if_reserved(trx) will be replaced with the macro
trx_assert_no_search_latch(trx) that will be empty unless
BTR_CUR_HASH_ADAPT is defined (cmake -DWITH_INNODB_AHI=ON).

We will also remove the unused column
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_TRX.TRX_ADAPTIVE_HASH_TIMEOUT.
In MariaDB Server 10.1, it used to reflect the value of
trx_t::search_latch_timeout which could be adjusted during
row_search_for_mysql(). In 10.2, there is no such field.

Other than the removal of the unused column TRX_ADAPTIVE_HASH_TIMEOUT,
this is an almost non-functional change to the server when using the
default build options.

Some tests are adjusted so that they will work with both
-DWITH_INNODB_AHI=ON and -DWITH_INNODB_AHI=OFF. The test
innodb.innodb_monitor has been renamed to innodb.monitor
in order to track MySQL 5.7, and the duplicate tests
sys_vars.innodb_monitor_* are removed.

This fixes MySQL Bug#80788 in MariaDB 10.2.5.

When I made the InnoDB crash recovery more robust by implementing
WL#7142, I also introduced an extra redo log scan pass that can be
shortened.

This fix will slightly extend the InnoDB redo log format that I
introduced in MySQL 5.7.9 by writing the start LSN of the MLOG_CHECKPOINT
mini-transaction to the end of the log checkpoint page, so that recovery
can jump straight to it without scanning all the preceding redo log.

LOG_CHECKPOINT_END_LSN: At the end of the checkpoint page, the start LSN
of the MLOG_CHECKPOINT mini-transaction. Previously, these bytes were
written as 0.

log_write_checkpoint_info(), log_group_checkpoint(): Add the parameter
end_lsn for writing LOG_CHECKPOINT_END_LSN.

log_checkpoint(): Remember the LSN at which the MLOG_CHECKPOINT
mini-transaction is starting (or at which the redo log ends on
shutdown).

recv_init_crash_recovery(): Remove.

recv_group_scan_log_recs(): Add the parameter checkpoint_lsn.

recv_recovery_from_checkpoint_start(): Read LOG_CHECKPOINT_END_LSN
and if it is set, start the first scan from it instead of the
checkpoint LSN. Improve some messages and remove bogus assertions.

recv_parse_log_recs(): Do not skip DBUG_PRINT("ib_log") for some
file-level redo log records.

recv_parse_or_apply_log_rec_body(): If we have not parsed all redo
log between the checkpoint and the corresponding MLOG_CHECKPOINT
record, defer the check for MLOG_FILE_DELETE or MLOG_FILE_NAME records
to recv_init_crash_recovery_spaces().

recv_init_crash_recovery_spaces(): Refuse recovery if
MLOG_FILE_NAME or MLOG_FILE_DELETE records are missing.

This caused gcc-6.3.1 errors:7450cb7f

mariadb-server/sql/sql_base.cc: In function ‘bool fix_all_session_vcol_exprs(THD*, TABLE_LIST*)’:
mariadb-server/sql/sql_base.cc:4821:7: warning: this ‘for’ clause does not guard... [-Wmisleading-indentation]
       for (Field **df= t->default_field; df && *df; df++)
       ^~~
mariadb-server/sql/sql_base.cc:4826:9: note: ...this statement, but the latter is misleadingly indented as if it is guarded by the ‘for’
         for (Virtual_column_info **cc= t->check_constraints; cc && *cc; cc++)
         ^~~

It was obvious from 7450cb7f that the indenting should of been removed
Signed-off-by: Daniel Black <daniel.black@au.ibm.com>

MDEV-7618 introduced configuration parameter innodb_instrument_semaphores
in MariaDB Server 10.1. The parameter seems to only affect the rw-lock
X-latch acquisition. Extra fields are added to rw_lock_t to remember one
X-latch holder or waiter. These fields are not being consulted or reported
anywhere. This is basically only adding code bloat.

If the intention is to debug hangs or deadlocks, we have better tools for
that in the debug server, and for the non-debug server, core dumps can
reveal a lot. For example, the mini-transaction memo records the
currently held buffer block or index rw-locks, to be released at
mtr_t::commit().

The configuration parameter innodb_instrument_semaphores will be
deprecated in 10.2.5 and removed in 10.3.0.

rw_lock_t: Remove the members lock_name, file_name, line, thread_id
which did not affect any output.

The field should have been removed when merging MySQL 5.7.9
to MariaDB 10.2.2 in commit 2e814d47.

to tables in the system tablespace

This is a regression caused by MDEV-11585, which accidentally
changed Tablespace::is_undo_tablespace() in an incorrect way,
causing the InnoDB system tablespace to be reported as a dedicated
undo tablespace, for which the change buffer is not applicable.

Tablespace::is_undo_tablespace(): Remove. There were only 2
calls from the function buf_page_io_complete(). Replace those
calls as appropriate.

Also, merge changes to tablespace import/export tests from
MySQL 5.7, and clean up the tests a little further, allowing
them to be run with any innodb_page_size.

Remove duplicated error injection instrumentation for the
import/export tests.  In MySQL 5.7, the error injection label
buf_page_is_corrupt_failure was renamed to
buf_page_import_corrupt_failure.

fil_space_extend_must_retry(): Correct a debug assertion
(tablespaces can be extended during IMPORT), and remove a
TODO comment about compressed temporary tables that was
already addressed in MDEV-11816.

dict_build_tablespace_for_table(): Correct a comment that
no longer holds after MDEV-11816, and assert that
ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED can only be used in .ibd files.

Note: At least one test is unstable, failing with the following:
./mtr --mysqld=--innodb-purge-threads=9 --big-test --no-reorder \
galera.galera_parallel_autoinc_largetrx galera.galera_var_slave_threads

The result difference is dependent on innodb_purge_threads.

buf_dump(): Correct the printf format passed to buf_dump_status()
to match the argument types.

Revert the changes to storage/xtradb. XtraDB is not being compiled
for 10.2. The unused copy that we have in the 10.2 branch is only
getting merges from 10.1.

Disable the test sys_vars.innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct_function
because it is unstable on buildbot.

MDEV-11454: Make innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct refer to the entire buffer pool size

copy-paste error

The function trx_purge_stop() was calling os_event_reset(purge_sys->event)
before calling rw_lock_x_lock(&purge_sys->latch). The os_event_set()
call in srv_purge_coordinator_suspend() is protected by that X-latch.

It would seem a good idea to consistently protect both os_event_set()
and os_event_reset() calls with a common mutex or rw-lock in those
cases where os_event_set() and os_event_reset() are used
like condition variables, tied to changes of shared state.

For each os_event_t, we try to document the mutex or rw-lock that is
being used. For some events, frequent calls to os_event_set() seem to
try to avoid hangs. Some events are never waited for infinitely, only
timed waits, and os_event_set() is used for early termination of these
waits.

os_aio_simulated_put_read_threads_to_sleep(): Define as a null macro
on other systems than Windows. TODO: remove this altogether and disable
innodb_use_native_aio on Windows.

os_aio_segment_wait_events[]: Initialize only if innodb_use_native_aio=0.

log_write_flush_to_disk_low(): Invoke log_mutex_enter() at the end, to
avoid race conditions when changing the system state. (No potential
race condition existed before MySQL 5.7.)

Revert the MDEV-4396 tweak to innodb.innodb_bug14676111.
We must fix the root cause instead.

Allow gcol.innodb_virtual_purge to run on a non-debug build
(If wait_innodb_all_purged.inc is used in a non-debug test,
it will have no effect.)

Add the test innodb.index_merge_threshold from MySQL 5.7.

The test innodb.log_file_size_checkpoint was originally added to
MySQL 5.7 by me in a bug fix, to fix the interaction of WL#6494
(redo log resizing, introduced in MySQL 5.6) and WL#7142
(data file discovery based on MLOG_FILE_NAME records,
introduced in MySQL 5.7):

commit 70f9ef4e1220827132b50275ca7272f2bcca1864
Author: Marko Mäkelä <marko.makela@oracle.com>
Date:   Wed May 21 13:31:29 2014 +0300

    Bug#18755095 REDO LOG SIZE CHANGE AFTER CRASH RESULTS IN CHECKPOINT AGE
    ERROR MESSAGE

    This is a regression from fixing
    Bug#18730524 REPEATED KILL+RESTART FAILS DUE TO MISSING MLOG_FILE_NAME
    RECORD

    innobase_start_or_create_for_mysql(): Invoke fil_names_clear() before
    creating the "checkpoint" when changing redo log files.

    Approved by Jimmy Yang on IM.

The relevant part of the test is that fil_names_clear() is invoked to
emit an MLOG_CHECKPOINT record before the redo log files are deleted.
In case the server is killed before ib_logfile0 has been deleted,
the old (not-yet-resized) redo log will be treated as valid. We do not
need to create a large number of tables for that.

I introduced the rec_printer object in MySQL to pretty-print raw InnoDB
records and index tuples in diagnostic messages. These objects are being
constructed unconditionally, even though the DBUG_PRINT is not enabled.

The unnecessary work is avoided by simply passing rec_printer(…).str()
to the DBUG_LOG macro that was introduced in MDEV-11713.

Supported queries with window functions when GROUP BY could be
optimized away.

The issue was that JOIN::rollup_write_data() used
JOIN::tmp_table_param::[start_]recinfo, which had uninitialized data.

These fields have uninitialized data, because JOIN::tmp_table_param
currently only stores some grouping-related data fields.  The data about
the work (temporary) tables themselves is stored in
join->join_tab[...].tmp_table_param.

The fix is to make JOIN::rollup_write_data follow this convention
and look at the right TMP_TABLE_PARAM object

An upgrade is still necessary however.

This bug is fixed by MDEV-10092. Add test case to check for regressions.

The bug was not visible in current HEAD. Introduced test case to catch
regressions. Also improve error messages regarding distinct usage in
window functions.

This issue is fixed by the patch for MDEV-10092. Add test case to check
for regressions though.

The bug was caused by several issues.
2 problems in seek_io_cache. Due to wrong offsets used, we would end up
seeking way too much (first change), or over the intended seek point
(second change). Fixing it requires correctly detecting available data
in buffer (first change), and not using "IO_SIZE alligned" reads. The
second is needed because _my_b_cache_read adjusts the pos_in_file itself
based on read_pos and read_end. Pretending buffer is empty when we want
to force a read will aleviate this problem.

Secondly, the big-table cursors didn't repect the interface definitions
of always returning the rownumber that Table_read_cursor::fetch() would activate.

At the same time, next(), prev() and move_to() should not perform any
row activation.

Window functions need to be computed after applying the HAVING clause.
An optimization that we have for regular, non-window function, cases is
to apply having only during sending of the rows to the client. This
allows rows that should be filtered from the temporary table used to
store aggregation results to be stored there.

This behaviour is undesireable for window functions, as we have to
compute window functions on the result-set after HAVING is applied.
Storing extra rows in the table leads to wrong values as the frame
bounds might capture those -to be filtered afterwards- rows.

innobase_get_stmt_safe(): Copy also the last byte.

dict_init_free(): Make global, and move the call from
dict_close() to srv_free(), because this is initialized
earlier than dict_sys.

innobase_space_shutdown(): Do not leak srv_allow_writes_event.

Write only one encryption key to the checkpoint page.
Use 4 bytes of nonce. Encrypt more of each redo log block,
only skipping the 4-byte field LOG_BLOCK_HDR_NO which the
initialization vector is derived from.

Issue notes, not warning messages for rewriting the redo log files.

recv_recovery_from_checkpoint_finish(): Do not generate any redo log,
because we must avoid that before rewriting the redo log files, or
otherwise a crash during a redo log rewrite (removing or adding
encryption) may end up making the database unrecoverable.
Instead, do these tasks in innobase_start_or_create_for_mysql().

Issue a firm "Missing MLOG_CHECKPOINT" error message. Remove some
unreachable code and duplicated error messages for log corruption.

LOG_HEADER_FORMAT_ENCRYPTED: A flag for identifying an encrypted redo
log format.

log_group_t::is_encrypted(), log_t::is_encrypted(): Determine
if the redo log is in encrypted format.

recv_find_max_checkpoint(): Interpret LOG_HEADER_FORMAT_ENCRYPTED.

srv_prepare_to_delete_redo_log_files(): Display NOTE messages about
adding or removing encryption. Do not issue warnings for redo log
resizing any more.

innobase_start_or_create_for_mysql(): Rebuild the redo logs also when
the encryption changes.

innodb_log_checksums_func_update(): Always use the CRC-32C checksum
if innodb_encrypt_log. If needed, issue a warning
that innodb_encrypt_log implies innodb_log_checksums.

log_group_write_buf(): Compute the checksum on the encrypted
block contents, so that transmission errors or incomplete blocks can be
detected without decrypting.

Rewrite most of the redo log encryption code. Only remember one
encryption key at a time (but remember up to 5 when upgrading from the
MariaDB 10.1 format.)

The InnoDB redo log consists of a list of files that logically form
a bigger file, as if the individual files were concatenated together.

The first file will always be written on redo log checkpoint, because
the two checkpoint pages are at the start of the single logical
redo log file.

There is no technical reason why InnoDB requires at least 2 files
to exist. Let us reduce the minimum number to 1. In that way,
restoring from backups will become easier, since InnoDB can directly
deal with a single backed-up redo log file.

the test restarts the server, giving it 60 seconds to shutdown
and then killing it mercilessly.

make sure the server closes all MyISAM tables before shutdown,
as we cannot reliably expect it to make the deadline.