a table value constructor shows wrong number of rows

This is another attempt to fix this bug. The previous patch did not take
into account that a transformation for ALL/ANY subqueries could be applied
to the materialized table that wrapped the table value constructor used as
a specification of the subselect used an ALL/ANY subquery. In this case
the result of the derived table used a sink of the class select_subselect
rather than of the class select_unit. Thus the previous fix could cause
memory overwrites when running EXPLAIN for queries with table value
constructors in ALL/ANY subselects.

MDEV-17058: Test failure on wsrep.variables
MDEV-17060: Test failure on galera.galera_var_slave_threads

Fix incorrect calculation of increased applier (slave) threads.
Note that increase change takes effect "immediately" but we should
use proper wait condition to wait it. Reducing the number of
slave threads is not immediate as thread will only exit after a
replication event.

Implement according to standard SQL specification 2008.
The check_constraints table is used for fetching metadata about
the constraints defined for tables in all databases.

MDEV-16703: update AUTO_INCREMENT in the UPDATE statement

MDEV-17040 sql/sql_yacc_orac.cc is included but sql/sql_yacc_ora.cc isn't included in source archive

fix a packaging typo

* remove assertion
* do not setup `conds` if it's already cached

Fixes #823

The testcase needs to set in_predicate_conversion_threshold which
is only available in debug builds (this is subject to further discussion).

Currently RocksDB engine doesn't update AUTO_INCREMENT in the UPDATE statement.
For example,

CREATE TABLE t1 (pk INT AUTO_INCREMENT, a INT, PRIMARY KEY(pk)) ENGINE=RocksDB;
INSERT INTO t1 (a) VALUES (1);
UPDATE t1 SET pk = 3; ==> AUTO_INCREMENT should be updated to 4.

Without this fix, it hits the Assertion `dd_val >= last_val' failed in
myrocks::ha_rocksdb::load_auto_incr_value_from_index.

This patch always provides columns of the temporary table used for
materialization of a table value constructor with some names.
Before this patch these names were always borrowed from the items
of the first row of the table value constructor. When this row
contained expressions and expressions were not named then it could cause
different kinds of problems. In particular if the TVC is used as the
specification of a derived table this could cause a crash.
The names given to the expressions used in a TVC are the same as those
given to the columns of the result set from the corresponding SELECT.

           value constructor shows wrong number of rows

If the specification of a derived table contained a table value constructor
then the optimizer incorrectly estimated the number of rows in the derived
table. This happened because the optimizer did not take into account the
number of rows in the constructor. The wrong estimate could lead to choosing
inefficient execution plans.

Note that this option was only designed to work on binaries
compiled without DBUG.

Amend commit b853b4fd
that was reverted in commit 29150e23.

recv_parse_log_recs(): Do check for corrupted redo log or file
system before checking for len==0, but only read *ptr if
it is not past the end of the buffer (end_ptr).

recv_parse_log_rec(): Report incorrect redo log type
in a consistent way with recv_parse_or_apply_log_rec_body().
This is a follow-up to commit f30c5af4.

The Pool poisoning that was introduced in MDEV-15030 introduced
race conditions in AddressSanitizer builds, because concurrent
poisoning and unpoisoning were not prevented by any synchronization
primitive.

Pool::get(): Protect the unpoisoning by m_lock_strategy.

Pool::mem_free(): Protect the poisoning by m_lock_strategy.

Pool::putl(): Renamed from put(), because now the caller is
responsible for invoking m_lock_strategy.

If trx_free() and trx_create_low() were called while a call to
trx_reference() was pending, we could get a reference to a wrong
transaction object.

trx_reference(): Return NULL if the trx->id no longer matches.

lock_trx_release_locks(): Assign trx->id = 0, so that trx_reference()
will not return a reference to this object.

trx_cleanup_at_db_startup(): Assign trx->id = 0.

assert_trx_is_free(): Assert !trx->n_ref. Assert trx->id == 0,
now that it will be cleared as part of a transaction commit.

Also, replace reverse iteration with forward iteration.

lock_table_has(): Remove a redundant condition.

Allocate trx->lock.rec_pool and trx->lock.table_pool directly from trx_t.
Remove unnecessary use of std::vector.

In order to do this, move some definitions from lock0priv.h to
lock0types.h, so that ib_lock_t will not be an opaque type.

row_log_table_get_pk_col(): Replace a condition that was inadvertently
removed in MDEV-16365. PRIMARY KEY columns are never allowed to be NULL,
and failure to enforce the constraint caused a null pointer to be
dereferenced in mem_heap_dup().

aws_key_management needs current directory to be datadir during
initalization, it scans current directory for encrypted keys.

Fix is to ensure, that plugin initialization in mariabackup happens
after the call to my_setwd(mysql_real_data_home).

The problem occurs because the statement generated by Spider used an
internal function name, ADD_TIME.

This problem has been corrected by the fix for bug MDEV-16878 within the
server, which enables Spider to generate the statement using the actual
SQL function name.  I have made some additional changes within Spider to fix
related problems that I observed while testing.

Author:
  Jacob Mathew.

First Reviewer:
  Alexander Barkov.

Second Reviewer:
  Kentoku Shiba.

Merged:
  Commit 4b6dccc8 on branch bb-10.3-MDEV-16398

Fix a race condition in the test.

The test causes simulated server crashes with DBUG_SUICIDE();.

It also relies on transactions that were committed right before the
crash to be visible after the crash (that is, it requires durability).

Run the test with transaction durability enabled: set
rocksdb-flush-log-at-trx-commit=1.