Merge of 5.1-main into 5.1-maria. There were no changes to storage/myisam, mysys/mf_keycache.c, mysql-test/t/*myisam*
since previous merge. MARIA_PAGECACHE_READS in maria-preload.test are down a little bit (5%), which must be a good
side-effect of some sql/ change.

Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options

mysql-test/t/events_logs_tests-master.opt:
  Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options
mysql-test/t/log_tables-big-master.opt:
  Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options
mysql-test/t/log_tables-master.opt:
  Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options
mysql-test/t/multi_statement-master.opt:
  Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options
mysql-test/t/ps-master.opt:
  Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options
mysql-test/t/show_check-master.opt:
  Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options
mysql-test/t/slow_query_log_file_basic-master.opt:
  Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options
mysql-test/t/slow_query_log_file_func-master.opt:
  Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options
mysql-test/t/union-master.opt:
  Remove warnings from test logs about depricated options
sql/mysqld.cc:
  Don't give warnings for empty log file names

No testcase (concurrency, tested by pushbuild2).

storage/maria/ha_maria.cc:
  a comment about what Sanja had discovered a while ago
storage/maria/ma_bitmap.c:
  guard against concurrent flush of bitmap by checkpoint: we must have close_lock here
storage/maria/ma_blockrec.c:
  comment fixed for new behaviour
storage/maria/ma_checkpoint.c:
  Release intern_lock before flushing bitmap, or it deadlocks with allocate_and_write_block_record()
  when that function needs to increase the data file's length (that function makes bitmap non flushable,
  then wants intern_lock to increase data_file_length).
  The checkpoint section which looks at the share's content (bitmap, state) needs to be protected from the possible
  my_free-ing done by a concurrent maria_close(); intern_lock is not enough as
  both maria_close() and checkpoint now have to release it in the middle.
  So the protection is done with close_lock. in_checkpoint is now protected by close_lock
  in places where it was protected by intern_lock.
storage/maria/ma_close.c:
  hold close_lock in maria_close() from start to end, to guard against checkpoint trying to flush
  bitmap while we have my_free'd its structures, for example. intern_lock was not enough as
  both maria_close() and checkpoint have to release it in the middle, to avoid deadlocks.
storage/maria/ma_open.c:
  initialize new mutex
storage/maria/ma_recovery.c:
  a comment about what Sanja had discovered a while ago
storage/maria/maria_def.h:
  comment.
  new mutex protecting the close of a MARIA_SHARE, from _start_ to _end_ of it.

Fixed mutexes lock order in maria_close(): LOCK_trn_list -> MARIA_SHARE::intern_lock (then will be WL to revert the order).
(BUG#40981 Maria: deadlock between checkpoint and maria_close() when freeing state info)

storage/maria/ma_checkpoint.c:
  The argument added to the function to use it in maria_close().
storage/maria/ma_close.c:
  Locking/unlocking MARIA_SHARE::intern_lock added to use correct order of the mutexes taking.
storage/maria/ma_state.c:
  Removed assert becase now we have externally locked mutex in maria_close().
  The argument added to the _ma_remove_not_visible_states_with_lock() to use it in maria_close().
  _ma_remove_not_visible_states_with_lock() fixed tio be usable from maria_chk where transaction manager is not initialized.
storage/maria/ma_state.h:
  The argument added to the function to use it in maria_close().
storage/maria/maria_def.h:
  Fixed comment to the variable.
storage/maria/trnman.c:
  The debugging assert added.
  New function to detect transaction manager initialization added (maria_chk do not initialize it).
storage/maria/trnman_public.h:
  New function to detect transaction manager initialization added (maria_chk do not initialize it).

Fixed problem with crash in Maria _ma_setup_live_state() where history link didn't include needed state

mysql-test/mysql-test-run.pl:
  Remove warnings in log about depricated mysqld options
storage/maria/ma_state.c:
  More DBUG_PRINT
storage/maria/trnman.c:
  Fixed wrong test if commit_trid is visible

storage/maria/ma_loghandler.c:
  Number of the buffer now passed to buffer initialization function to assign buffer number and break false alarm "chain" by switching off deadlock detection for one buffer.

mysql-test/suite/maria/r/maria-recovery3.result:
  result.
mysql-test/suite/maria/t/maria-recovery3-master.opt:
  usual recovery test options
mysql-test/suite/maria/t/maria-recovery3.test:
  Test for BUG#41037. Without the bugfix, the test would hang because Recovery would fail with "undo_key_insert got error 126": Recovery would believe INSERT of 2 is uncommitted, try to execute its UNDO_KEY_INSERT, fail to find the key to delete because DELETE deleted it. That failure of _ma_ck_real_delete() would mark table as corrupted (see
  in d_search()) which is error 126 (HA_ERR_CRASHED).
storage/maria/ma_blockrec.c:
  set trn->rec_lsn to LSN of commit record, when writing it.
storage/maria/ma_blockrec.h:
  new function
storage/maria/ma_commit.c:
  when committing or rolling back, rec_lsn should be LSN_IMPOSSIBLE: assertion is moved here
  from trnman_end_trn(), because now ma_commit() can set rec_lsn and so when we reach trnman_end_trn()
  it's not LSN_IMPOSSIBLE anymore.
  Adding debug possibility to pause between COMMIT record write and trnman_commit_trn(), to be
  able to fire checkpoint in between.
storage/maria/ma_loghandler.c:
  in-write hook for COMMIT records
storage/maria/ma_recovery.c:
  More debugging info in maria_recovery.trace, to see how the starting point of REDO phase is determined
storage/maria/trnman.c:
  assertion cannot be here anymore see ma_commit.c

mysql-test/include/maria_empty_logs.inc:
  move mysqladmin call to include file for reusal (so that others don't have to hit the same bug in their tests);
  this include file additionally waits for disconnection. Reasons for BUG#41102:
  - in maria-no-logging.test, we shut down mysqld in maria_empty_logs.inc, remove logs, tell mtr that it can
  restart mysqld, then wait for being connected (wait_until_connected_again.inc), then send commands to new mysqld.
  - but under Windows "mysqladmin shutdown" does not wait for mysqld to be down, so we accidentally removed logs
  while it was shutting down, wait_until_connected_again found that we were connected (because it was shutting
  down slowly, connections were not yet broken), sent new commands, and one of them failed because mysqld finally
  closed connections.
  - the fix is to just wait for disconnection after shutdown.
  - in a sense, the catch is the "again" in wait_until_connected_again.inc...
mysql-test/include/mysqladmin_shutdown.inc:
  shutdown with mysqladmin AND waiting for shutdown to complete (needed on Windows)
mysql-test/include/wait_until_connected_again.inc:
  comment
mysql-test/include/wait_until_disconnected.inc:
  script which waits until connection is lost

bug#41023 maria: Server asserts in sysbench OLTP_RO test 
bug#40888 maria: Server crashes in sysbench OLTP_RW test at lf_alloc-pin.c:513
bug#40892 maria: Livelock in sysbench OLTP_RW test 
bug#40895 maria: Server crashes in sysbench OLTP_RO test at lf_alloc-pin.c:367
bug#40890 maria: Server crashes in sysbench OLTP_RW test at ctype-bin.c:8

Yet another strict aliasing issue

we cannot access a trn after we put it in the pool

mysql-test/suite/maria/t/maria_showlog_error.test:
  test which can't run in embedded mode
storage/innobase/handler/ha_innodb.cc:
  compiler warning

Fixing Valgrind error: deadlock detector was set to random; seen in many InnoDB tests like innodb-replace.test

storage/innobase/handler/ha_innodb.cc:
  Fixing Valgrind error: deadlock detector was set to random. Making the recently added lines closer
  to the InnoDB style (tabs not spaces)

                  
The problem here is that embedded server starts handle_thread manager 
thread  on mysql_library_init() does not stop it on mysql_library_end().
At shutdown, my_thread_global_end() waits for thread count to become 0,
but since we did not stop the thread it will give up after 5 seconds.
             
Solution is to move shutdown for handle_manager thread from kill_server()
(mysqld specific) to clean_up() that is used by both embedded and mysqld.
            
This patch also contains some refactorings - to avoid duplicate code,
start_handle_manager() and stop_handle_manager() functions are introduced.
Unused variables are eliminated. handle_manager does not rely on global
variable abort_loop anymore to stop (abort_loop is not set for embedded).
            
Note: Specifically on Windows and when using DBUG version of libmysqld, 
the complete solution requires removing obsolete code my_thread_init() 
from my_thread_var(). This has a side effect that a DBUG statement 
after my_thread_end() can cause thread counter to be incremented, and 
embedded will hang for some seconds. Or worse, my_thread_init() will 
crash if critical sections have been deleted by the global cleanup 
routine that runs in a different thread. 

This patch also fixes and revert prior changes for Bug#38293 
"Libmysqld crash in mysql_library_init if language file missing".

Root cause of the crash observed in Bug#38293  was bug in my_thread_init() 
described above




client/mysql.cc:
  sql_protocol_typelib is not exported from libmysqld
  (does not make sense either)
  thus excluded from embedded client
dbug/dbug.c:
  revert changes for Bug#38293
include/my_dbug.h:
  revert changes for Bug#38293
libmysql/libmysql.c:
  Removed DBUG_POP call, because when called after my_end(), will access
  THR_key_mysys that is already deleted. The result of pthread_get_specific
  is not predictable in this case and hence DBUG_POP can crash.
libmysqld/examples/CMakeLists.txt:
  Revert changes for Bug#38293.
libmysqld/lib_sql.cc:
  code to start handle manager is factored out into 
  start_handle_manager() function
libmysqld/libmysqld.def:
  Revert changes for Bug #38293
  Remove excessive exports from libmysqld, export what API documents.
mysys/my_thr_init.c:
  Remove windows-DLL-specific workaround for something (old code, no documentation for
  what specifically). The problem is that even after my_thread_end() is finished, 
  DBUG statement can initiate my_thread_init(). This does not happen anywhere else and 
  should not happen on  Windows either.
sql/mysql_priv.h:
  - new functions start_handle_manager() and stop_handle_manager()
  - move manager_thread_in_use  variable to sql_manager.cc and made
  it static
  - remove manager_status, as it is unused
sql/mysqld.cc:
  Code to start/stop handle_manager thread is factored out into start_handle_manager()

mysys/my_init.c:
  Fixed link error when compiling without thread support
sql/item_create.cc:
  Fixed compiler warning
sql/mysqld.cc:
  Fixed compile error on windows
sql/protocol.cc:
  Fixed compiler warning
sql/sql_class.cc:
  Fixed compiler warning
sql/sql_class.h:
  Fixed compiler warning
storage/myisam/mi_open.c:
  Fixed compiler warning
storage/myisammrg/ha_myisammrg.cc:
  Fixed compiler warning (shadow variable)

This writes a warning on stderr if one uses mutex in different order,
like if one in one case would lock mutex in the order A,B and in another case
would lock mutex in the order B,A
This is inspired by and loosely based on the LOCKDEP patch by Jonas
Wrong mutex order is either fixed or mutex are marked with MYF_NO_DEADLOCK_DETECTION
if used inconsistently (need to be fixed by server team)

KNOWN_BUGS.txt:
  Added information that one need to dump and restore Maria tables
include/hash.h:
  Added prototype function for walking over all elements in a hash
include/my_pthread.h:
  Added my_pthread_mutex_init() and my_pthread_mutex_lock(); These should be used if one wants to disable mutex order checking.
  Changed names of the nonposix mutex_init functions to not conflict with my_phread_mutex_init()
  Added and extended structures for mutex deadlock detection.
  New arguments to sage_mutex_init() and safe_mutex_lock() to allow one to disable mutex order checking.
  Added variable 'safe_mutex_deadlock_detector' to enable/disable deadlock detection for all pthread_mutex_init()
mysys/Makefile.am:
  Added cleaning of test files
  Added test_thr_mutex
mysys/hash.c:
  Added hash_iterate() to iterate over all elements in a hash
  More comments
mysys/my_init.c:
  Added calls to destory all mutex uses by mysys()
  Added waiting for threads to end before calling TERMINATE() to list not freed memory
mysys/my_pthread.c:
  Changed names to free my_pthread_mutex_init() for mutex-lock-order-checking
mysys/my_sleep.c:
  Fixed too long wait if using 1000000L as argument
mysys/my_thr_init.c:
  Mark THR_LOCK_threads and THR_LOCK_malloc to not have mutex deadlock detection.
  (We can't have it enabled for this as these are internal mutex used by the detector  
  Call my_thread_init() early as we need thread specific variables enabled for the following pthread_mutex_init()
  Move code to wait for threads to end to my_wait_for_other_threads_to_die()
  Don't destroy mutex and conditions unless all threads have died
  Added my_thread_destroy_mutex() to destroy all mutex used by the mysys thread system
  Name the thread specific mutex as "mysys_var->mutex"
  Added my_thread_var_mutex_in_use() to return pointer to mutex in use or 0 if thread variables are not initialized
mysys/mysys_priv.h:
  Added prototypes for functions used internally with mutex-wrong-usage detection
mysys/thr_mutex.c:
  Added runtime detection of mutex used in conflicting order
  See WL#3262 or test_thr_mutex.c for examples
  The base idea is for each mutex have two hashes:
  - mutex->locked_mutex points to all mutex used after this one
  - mutex->used_mutex points to all mutex which has this mutex in it's mutex->locked_mutex
  There is a wrong mutex order if any mutex currently locked before this mutex is in the mutex->locked_mutex hash
sql/event_queue.cc:
  Mark mutex used inconsistently (need to be fixed by server team)
sql/event_scheduler.cc:
  Declare the right order to take the mutex
sql/events.cc:
  Mark mutex used inconsistently (need to be fixed by server team)
sql/ha_ndbcluster_binlog.cc:
  Mark mutex used inconsistently (need to be fixed by server team)
sql/log.cc:
  Mark mutex used inconsistently (need to be fixed by server team)
sql/mysqld.cc:
  Use pthread_mutex_trylock instead of pthread_mutex_unlock() when sending kill signal to thread
  This is needed to avoid wrong mutex order as normally one takes 'current_mutex' before mysys_var->mutex.
  Added call to free sp cache.
  Add destruction of LOCK_server_started and COND_server_started.
  Added register_mutex_order() function to register in which order mutex should be taken
  (to initiailize mutex_deadlock_detector).
  Added option to turn off safe_mutex_deadlock_detector
sql/protocol.cc:
  Fixed wrong argument to DBUG_PRINT (found by valgrind)
sql/rpl_mi.cc:
  Mark mutex used inconsistently (need to be fixed by server team)
sql/set_var.cc:
  Remove wrong locking of LOCK_global_system_variables when reading and setting log variables
  (would cause inconsistent mutex order).
  Update global variables outside of logger.unlock() as LOCK_global_system_variables has to be taken before logger locks
  Reviewed by gluh
sql/sp_cache.cc:
  Added function to destroy mutex used by sp cache
sql/sp_cache.h:
  Added function to destroy mutex used by sp cache
sql/sql_class.cc:
  Use pthread_mutex_trylock instead of pthread_mutex_unlock() when sending kill signal to thread
  This is needed to avoid wrong mutex order as normally one takes 'current_mutex' before mysys_var->mutex.
  Register order in which LOCK_delete and mysys_var->mutex is taken
sql/sql_insert.cc:
  Give a name for Delayed_insert::mutex
  Mark mutex used inconsistently (need to be fixed by server team)
  Move closing of tables outside of di->mutex (to avoid wrong mutex order)
sql/sql_show.cc:
  Don't keep LOCK_global_system_variables locked over value->show_type() as this leads to wrong mutex order
storage/innobase/handler/ha_innodb.cc:
  Disable safe_muted_deadlock_detector for innobase intern mutex (to speed up page cache initialization)
storage/maria/ha_maria.cc:
  Added flag to ha_maria::info() to signal if we need to lock table share or not.
  This is needed to avoid locking mutex in wrong order
storage/maria/ha_maria.h:
  Added flag to ha_maria::info() to signal if we need to lock table share or not.
storage/maria/ma_close.c:
  Destroy key_del_lock
  Simplify freeing ftparser_param
storage/maria/ma_key.c:
  Better comment
storage/maria/ma_loghandler.c:
  Mark mutex used inconsistently (need to be fixed by sanja)
storage/maria/ma_state.c:
  More comments
storage/maria/ma_test1.c:
  Ensure that safe_mutex_deadlock_detector is always on (should be, this is just for safety)
storage/maria/ma_test2.c:
  Ensure that safe_mutex_deadlock_detector is always on (should be, this is just for safety)

Ensure that if we send 'sigint' to mysqld started with --gdb it's taken down nicely
Clear THR_THD when thread ends to get a valid stack trace if we die late
Bug #37869 mysqld stopped reacting to SIGINT when run with --gdb

mysqlslap: fix a crash when mysql_store_result() fails

client/mysqlslap.c:
  fix a crash
dbug/dbug.c:
  only do safemalloc checks if a function is selected
mysql-test/mysql-test-run.pl:
  it's easier to add new gdb parameters this way
storage/maria/ma_open.c:
  typo in a comment

There was a missing initialization.

sql/set_var.h:
  Added an initialization missing during the merge of 37339.

with non-RSA-requesting client if server uses RSA key

matchSuite() may not find a match. 
It will return error in this case.
Added a error checking code that will prevent using uninitialized 
memory in the code based on the assumption 
that matchSuite() has found a match.

extra/yassl/src/yassl_imp.cpp:
  Bug #39178: Correct error checking added

                  
Updated MySQL time handling code to react correctly on UTC leap second additions.
MySQL functions that return the OS current time, like e.g. CURDATE(), NOW() etc
will return :59:59 instead of :59:60 or 59:61.
As a result the reader will receive :59:59 for 2 or 3 consecutive seconds 
during the leap second.
This fix will not affect the values returned by UNIX_TIMESTAMP() for leap seconds.
But note that when converting the value returned by UNIX_TIMESTAMP() to broken 
down time the correction of leap seconds will still be applied.
Note that this fix will make a difference *only* if the OS is specially configured
to return leap seconds from the OS time calls or when using a MySQL time zone 
defintion that has leap seconds.
Even after this change date/time literals (or other broken down time 
representations) with leap seconds (ending on :59:60 or 59:61) will still be 
considered illegal and discarded by the server with an error or 
a warning depending on the sql mode.
Added a test case to demonstrate the effect of the fix.

mysql-test/r/timezone3.result:
  Bug #39920: test case
mysql-test/std_data/Moscow_leap:
  Bug #39920: updated the Moscow time zone to Dr. Olson's tzdata 2008i 
  to accomodate for the 2008 leap second
mysql-test/t/timezone3.test:
  Bug #39920: test case
sql/tztime.cc:
  Bug #39920: adjust leap seconds (:60 or :61) to :59
sql/tztime.h:
  Bug #39920: adjust leap seconds (:60 or :61) to :59

(BUG#41127: Maria: assertion when SHOW ENGINE MARIA LOGS and missing logs)

mysql-test/suite/maria/r/maria_showlog_error.result:
  test suite for the BUG#41127
mysql-test/suite/maria/t/maria_showlog_error.test:
  test suite for the BUG#41127
storage/maria/ha_maria.cc:
  Do not use MY_WME in the stat call which errors we process on high level.