This has been back-ported from 6.0 as the problems proved to afflict 
5.1 as well.
The fix exposed two new bugs. They were reported as follows.
      
Bug no 52174: Sometimes wrong plan when reading a MAX value 
from non-NULL index
      
Bug no 52173: Reading NULL value from non-NULL index gives wrong 
result in embedded server 
      
Both bugs taken together affect a much smaller class of queries than #47762, 
so the fix stays for now.

Optimizer erroneously translated LEFT JOIN into INNER JOIN.
It leads to cutting rows with NULL right side. It happens
because Item_row uses not_null_tables() method form the
base(Item) class and does not calculate 'null tables'
properly. The fix is adding calculation of 'not null tables'
to Item_row.


mysql-test/r/join_outer.result:
  test result
mysql-test/t/join_outer.test:
  test case
sql/item_row.cc:
  adding calculation of 'not null tables' to Item_row.
sql/item_row.h:
  adding calculation of 'not null tables' to Item_row.

The crash happens because of discrepancy between values of
conts_tables and join->const_table_map(make_join_statisctics).
Calculation of conts_tables used condition with
HA_STATS_RECORDS_IS_EXACT flag check. Calculation of
join->const_table_map does not use this flag check.
In case of MERGE table without union with index
the table does not become const table and
thus join_read_const_table() is not called
for the table. join->const_table_map supposes
this table is const and later in make_join_select
this table is used for making&calculation const
condition. As table record buffer is not populated
it leads to crash.
The fix is adding a check if an engine supports
HA_STATS_RECORDS_IS_EXACT flag before updating
join->const_table_map.


mysql-test/r/merge.result:
  test result
mysql-test/t/merge.test:
  test case
sql/sql_select.cc:
  adding a check if an engine supports
  HA_STATS_RECORDS_IS_EXACT flag before updating
  join->const_table_map.

for general use.


mysql-test/Makefile.am:
  Adding directories of additional test suites
mysql-test/mysql-stress-test.pl:
  Adding check for additional errors checking during test run

           for InnoDB
            
The class Field_bit_as_char stores the metadata for the
field incorrecly because bytes_in_rec and bit_len are set
to (field_length + 7 ) / 8 and 0 respectively, while
Field_bit has the correct values field_length / 8 and
field_length % 8.
            
Solved the problem by re-computing the values for the
metadata based on the field_length instead of using the
bytes_in_rec and bit_len variables.
            
To handle compatibility with old server, a table map
flag was added to indicate that the bit computation is
exact. If the flag is clear, the slave computes the
number of bytes required to store the bit field and
compares that instead, effectively allowing replication
*without conversion* from any field length that require
the same number of bytes to store.


mysql-test/suite/rpl/t/rpl_typeconv_innodb.test:
  Adding test to check compatibility for bit field
  replication when using InnoDB
sql/field.cc:
  Extending compatible_field_size() with flags from
  table map to allow fields to check master info.
sql/field.h:
  Extending compatible_field_size() with flags from
  table map to allow fields to check master info.
sql/log.cc:
  Removing table map flags since they are not used
  outside table map class.
sql/log_event.cc:
  Removing flags parameter from table map constructor
  since it is not used and does not have to be exposed.
sql/log_event.h:
  Adding flag to denote that bit length for bit field type
  is exact and not potentially rounded to even bytes.
sql/rpl_utility.cc:
  Adding fields to table_def to store table map flags.
sql/rpl_utility.h:
  Removing obsolete comment and adding flags to store
  table map flags from master.

   definition at engine

If a single ALTER TABLE contains both DROP INDEX and ADD INDEX using 
the same index name (a.k.a. index modification) we need to disable 
in-place alter table because we can't ask the storage engine to have 
two copies of the index with the same name even temporarily (if we 
first do the ADD INDEX and then DROP INDEX) and we can't modify 
indexes that are needed by e.g. foreign keys if we first do 
DROP INDEX and then ADD INDEX.
Fixed the problem by disabling in-place ALTER TABLE for these cases.

The problem was that killing a query during the optimization
phase of a subselect would lead to crashes. The root of the
problem is that the subselect execution engine ignores failures
(eg: killed) during the optimization phase (JOIN::optimize),
leading to a crash once the subquery is executed due to
partially initialized structures (in this case a join tab).

The optimal solution would be to cleanup certain optimizer
structures if the optimization phase fails, but currently
there is no infrastructure to properly to track and cleanup
the structures. To workaround the whole problem one somewhat
good solution is to avoid executing a subselect if the query
has been killed. Cutting short any problems caused by failures
during the optimization phase.

sql/item_subselect.cc:
  Do not execute a subselect if the session or query has been killed.

NULL column for NULL

The optimization to read MIN() and MAX() values from an
index did not properly handle comparisons with NULL
values. Fixed by giving up the particular optimization step
if there are non-NULL safe comparisons with NULL values, as 
the result is NULL anyway.

Also, Oracle copyright notice was added to all files.

via I_S.PLUGINS, not via SHOW PLUGINS.

Base Tables

The type inferrence of a view column caused the result to be
interpreted as the wrong type: DATE colums were interpreted
as TIME and TIME as DATETIME. This happened because view
columns are represented by Item_ref objects as opposed to
Item_field's. Item_ref had no method for retrieving a TIME
value and thus was forced to depend on the default
implementation for any expression, which caused the
expression to be evaluated as a string and then parsed into
a TIME/DATETIME value.

Fixed by letting Item_ref classes forward the request for a
TIME value to the referred Item - which is a field in this
case - this reads the TIME value directly without
conversion.

Fix up function return value, it must return a double.

SunStudio
      
SunStudio compilers of late warn about methods that might hide
methods in base classes due to the use of overloading combined
with overriding. SunStudio also warns about variables defined
in local socpe or method arguments that have the same name as
a member attribute of the class.
      
This patch renames methods that might hide base class methods,
to make it easier both for humans and compilers to see what is
actually called. It also renames variables in local scope.


sql/field.cc:
  Local scope variable or method argument same as class 
  attribute.
sql/item_cmpfunc.cc:
  Local scope variable or method argument same as class 
  attribute.
sql/item_create.cc:
  Renaming base class create() to create_func().
sql/item_create.h:
  Renaming base class create() to create_func().
sql/protocol.cc:
  Local scope variable or method argument same as class 
  attribute.
sql/sql_profile.cc:
  Local scope variable or method argument same as class 
  attribute.
sql/sql_select.cc:
  Local scope variable or method argument same as class 
  attribute.
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  Renaming base class create() to create_func().
storage/federated/ha_federated.cc:
  Local scope variable or method argument same as class 
  attribute.
storage/myisammrg/ha_myisammrg.cc:
  Local scope variable or method argument same as class 
  attribute.

            index cardinalities=1

Parallel repair didn't poroperly update index cardinality
in certain cases.

When myisam_sort_buffer_size is not enough to store all
keys, index cardinality was updated before index was
actually written, when no index statistic is available.

mysql-test/r/myisam.result:
  A test case for BUG#47444.
mysql-test/t/myisam.test:
  A test case for BUG#47444.
storage/myisam/sort.c:
  update_key_parts() must be called after all index
  entries are written, when index statistic is available.

Additional result file update

      
Applied a path from Jim Winstead : Added a GPL notice.
Added the missing '(c)' and 'v2'. 

join view in sql_safe_updates mode. 

This bug was unexpectedly fixed along with bug 
number 49534. This patch contains only the test
case.

BUG#51342 - more xid crashing

Restore autocommit variable by supplying explicit value.

mysql-test/r/xa.result:
  Restore autocommit variable by supplying explicit value.
mysql-test/t/xa.test:
  Restore autocommit variable by supplying explicit value.

(regression)

Problem was that partition pruning did not exclude the
last partition if the range was beyond it
(i.e. not using MAXVALUE)

Fix was to not include the last partition if the
partitioning function value was not within the partition
range.

mysql-test/r/partition_innodb.result:
  Bug#51830: Incorrect partition pruning on range partition
  (regression)
  
  Updated result
mysql-test/r/partition_pruning.result:
  Bug#51830: Incorrect partition pruning on range partition
  (regression)
  
  Updated result
mysql-test/t/partition_innodb.test:
  Bug#51830: Incorrect partition pruning on range partition
  (regression)
  
  Added test for pruning in InnoDB, since it does not show
  for MyISAM due to 'Impossible WHERE noticed after reading
  const tables'.
mysql-test/t/partition_pruning.test:
  Bug#51830: Incorrect partition pruning on range partition
  (regression)
  
  Added test
sql/sql_partition.cc:
  Bug#51830: Incorrect partition pruning on range partition
  (regression)
  
  Also increase the partition id if not inside the last partition
  (and no MAXVALUE is defined).
  
  Added comments and DBUG_ASSERT.

SET autocommit=1 while XA transaction is active may
cause various side effects, including memory corruption
and server crash.

The problem is that SET autocommit=1 and further queries
attempt to commit local transaction, whereas XA transaction
is still active.

As local and XA transactions are mutually exclusive, this
patch forbids enabling autocommit mode while XA transaction
is active.

mysql-test/r/xa.result:
  A test case for BUG#51342.
mysql-test/t/xa.test:
  A test case for BUG#51342.
sql/set_var.cc:
  Forbid enabling autocommit mode while XA transaction is
  active.