MDEV-8591: Database page corruption on disk or a failed space, Assertion failure in file buf0buf.cc line 2856 on querying a table using wrong default encryption key

Improved error messaging to show based on original page before
encryption is page maybe encrypted or just corrupted.

Fixing misleading comments in String_copiers::well_formed_copy().

methods in Item_bool_func descendants, which gives some advantages:
- Removing the "bool inv" parameter, as its now available through "this"
  for Item_func_between and Item_func_in, and is not needed for the other
  Item_func_xxx.
- Removing casts
- Making a step to data types plugings

Its initialization in Item_func_xxx::get_mm_tree() is redundant:
the pointer to the current function is passed to get_mm_tree() anyway.

While sql_bin_log=1(0) is meant to control binary logging for the
current session so that the updates to do(not) get logged into the
binary log to be replicated to the async MariaDB slave. The same
should not affect galera replication.

That is, the updates should always get replicated to other galera
nodes regardless of sql_bin_log's value.

Fixed by making sure that the updates are written to binlog cache
irrespective of sql_bin_log.

Added test cases.

Analysis: Handler used table flag HA_REQUIRE_PRIMARY_KEY but a bug on
sql_table.cc function mysql_prepare_create_table internally marked
secondary key with NOT NULL colums as unique key and did not then
fail on requirement that table should have primary key or unique key.

Analysis: Handler table flag HA_REQUIRE_PRIMARY_KEY alone is not enough
to force primary or unique key, if table has at least one NOT NULL
column and secondary key for that column.

Fix: Add additional check that table really has primary key or
unique key for InnoDB terms.

Removed extra line break.

MDEV-8409: Changing file-key-management-encryption-algorithm causes crash and no real info why

Analysis: Both bugs has two different error cases. Firstly, at startup
when server reads latest checkpoint but requested key_version,
key management plugin or encryption algorithm or method is not found
leading corrupted log entry. Secondly, similarly when reading system
tablespace if requested key_version, key management plugin or encryption
algorithm or method is not found leading buffer pool page corruption.

Fix: Firsly, when reading checkpoint at startup check if the log record
may be encrypted and if we find that it could be encrypted, print error
message and do not start server. Secondly, if page is buffer pool seems
corrupted but we find out that there is crypt_info, print additional
error message before asserting.

This bug is essentially another variant of MDEV-7458.

If a transaction conflict caused a deadlock kill of T2 in record_gtid()
during commit, the code would do a rollback _before_ running
rgi->unmark_start_commit(). This creates a race where following transactions
could start too early (before T2 has completed its transaction retry). This
in turn could lead to replication failure, if there was a conflict that
caused eg. duplicate key error or similar.

The fix is to remove these rollbacks (in Query_log_event::do_apply_event()
and Xid_log_event::do_apply_event(). They seem out-of-place; code in
log_event.cc generally does not roll back on error, this is handled higher
up.

In addition, because of the extreme difficulty of reproducing bugs like
MDEV-7458 and MDEV-8302, this patch adds some extra precations to try to
detect (in debug builds) or prevent (in release builds) similar bugs.
ha_rollback_trans() will now call unmark_start_commit() if needed (and
assert in debug build when a caller does rollback without unmark first).

We also add an extra check for thd->killed() so that we avoid doing
mark_start_commit() if we already have a pending deadlock kill.

And we add a missing unmark_start_commit() call in the error case, found by
the above assertion.

Attempting to kill query owned by different user now returns better error:
"You are not owner of query N" instead of "You are not owner of thread N".

Analysis: In fil_crypt_space_needs_rotation we first make sure that
tablespace is found and then separately that it is normal tablespace.
Thus, tablespace could be dropped between these two functions calls.

Fix: If space is not found from fil_system return tablespace type
ULINT_UNDEFINED and naturally do not continue rotating space.

Analysis: There is race between drop table and encryption threads that
could cause encryption thread to enter mutex that has been already
released.

Fix: When destroying crypt_data first enter the mutex and set crypt data
unavailable, then release the memory and clean up the data. This should
make the race more unprobable. Additionally, added big_test for
create_or_replace as it could fail testcase timeout
if you have slow I/O (tested that testcase passes with --mem).

as a workaround until the bug is fixed
don't run mroonga tests in --embedded mode by default

WARN_DEPRECATED_NO_REPLACEMENT(NULL, ...) was causing a warning,
because it expanded into NULL->variables.errmsgs[...]

because the actual merge was already done in
dced5146
as a patch

In non-wsrep builds, wsrep_running_threads should be defined to (0).

The version in sysvars_innodb,32bit,xtradb.rdiff was not updated

--gtid-ignore-duplicates was comparing sequence numbers as 32-bit, so
after 2**32 transactions things would start to fail.

The test did not wait until the server shuts down

Problem was that for queries of type:

select rand() r, rand()  p, rand() = rand() from a having r = p

The optimizer thought that r = p was same as rand() = rand() and this would always be true.

The problem was that when testing if two expressions are equal, we didn't take into account no determinstic functions.

The fix is to not compare non deterministic functions as equal.

Other things:
- Avoid calling init_and_set_log_file_name() when opening binary log.
- Remove newlines early when reading from index file.
- Ensure that reset_logs() will work even if thd is 0 (Can happen on startup)
- Added thd to sart_slave_threads() for better error handling.