Backport the fix f214d365 to 10.0

   Author: Sergei Golubchik <serg@mariadb.org>
   Date:   Tue Apr 17 00:44:34 2018 +0200

    ASAN error in is_stat_table()

    don't memcmp beyond the first argument's end

    Also: use my_strcasecmp(table_alias_charset), like elsewhere, not memcmp

It is not open.

Disks with native 4K sectors need 4K alignment and size for  unbuffered IO
(i.e for files opened with FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING)

Innodb opens redo log with FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING, however it always does
512byte IOs. Thus, the IO on 4K native sectors will fail, rendering
Innodb non-functional.

The fix is to check whether OS_FILE_LOG_BLOCK_SIZE is multiple of logical
sector size, and if it is not, reopen the redo log without
FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING flag.

rnd_pos_by_record calls ha_rnd_pos, which does the counting

Only close stdin if it was open initinally. Otherwise we may close file
descriptor which is reused for different puprose (specifically for binlog
index file in case of this bug).

MDEV-15953 Alter InnoDB Partitioned Table Moves Files (which were originally not in the datadir) to the datadir

ha_innobase::prepare_inplace_alter_table: preserve DATA DICTIONARY for table

Observed and described
partitioned engine execution time difference
between master and slave was caused by excessive invocation
of base_engine::rnd_init which was done also for partitions
uninvolved into Rows-event operation.
The bug's slave slowdown therefore scales with the number of partitions.

Fixed with applying an upstream patch.

References:
----------
https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=73648
Bug#25687813 REPLICATION REGRESSION WITH RBR AND PARTITIONED TABLES

           optimizer_use_condition_selectivity = 4

It does not makes sense to try to read statistics for temporary tables
because it's not collected.

This reverts commit d39629f0.

Because running mtr for many hours with no output whatsoever
is not really what we should do.

And in 5.5 `make test` just works anyway, nothing to fix here.

MDEV-16534 PPC64: Unexpected error with a negative value into auto-increment columns in HEAP, MyISAM, ARIA

In this case we are accessing incorrect memory when we have mergeable semi-joins.
In the case when we have mergeable semi joins parent select will have a table count
of all the tables in that select plus all the tables involved in the IN-subquery.
But this table count does not include the "sjm table" (only includes the inner and outer tables)
denotes as <subquery#> in explain.

make it return the same Info values as for the standalone server.

This fixes plugins.processlist for --embedded

make thd_get_error_context_description() to show not just
thd->proc_info, but exactly the same thread state that SHOW PROCESSLIST
shows.

An embedded run will output the full path name instead of a relative
one. Update results to cover both cases.

Check the name of the primary key to be 'PRIMARY'. Than
differs it from any implicit primary keys created by an engine.

When attempting to rename a table to a non-existing database,
InnoDB would misleadingly report "OS error 71" when in fact the
error code is InnoDB's own (OS_FILE_NOT_FOUND), and not report
both pathnames. Errors on rename could occur due to reasons
connected to either pathname.

os_file_handle_rename_error(): New function, to report errors in
renaming files.

Added unregistering writers in case of log error.
Added more debugging control about adding/removing writers to the buffers.

           SELECT .. LIMIT 0 (new variant)

This is another attempt to fix the problem of mdev-14515.

update table->pos_in_table_list during prepare,
just like it's done in normal execution.

otherwise it'll be a dangling pointer

adjust tests

rewrite tautological engine descriptions

On OS X, (u)int64_t is defined as (unsigned) long long int while on 74
bit Linux it is defined as (unsigned) long int.

Ensure the type matches when doing printf on all systems.

Missed printfs from: 21246066

The order of outputting stored procedures is important. Stored
procedures must be available on view creation, for views which make use
of them. Make sure to print them before outputting tables.

Undo the revert that happened by mystake in commit 7fca4b50.

GCC-8 introduced multiple warnings and increased the level of
strictness.

* -Wshadow will warn if a local variable shadows a typedef.
* GCC will also warn when memsetting a non-trivial type.
  In this case a non-trivial type can not have a custom constructor.
  For all intents and purposes, the class is trivially-copyable.
* GCC will also warn if you use too many paranthesses which are not
necessary

This reverts commit 1735fa34.

Assign all tests added via MY_ADD_TEST to a bogus default_ignore target,
so that they are not ran by default when doing bare make test. Add default
test named MTR that calls mysql-test-run suite, which is now the single
test run by make test.

In consequence, modified unit/suite.pm to exclude the MTR test and run the
real ctests flagged for default_ignore target, thus no circular
loop.