fix the element deleting logic for roles_mappings_hash

use generic restore_ptr_backup() approach

MDEV-4403 Attempting to use cassandra storage engine causes "service 'my_snprintf_service' interface version mismatch"

When a DSO is loaded we rewrite service pointers to point to the actual service structures.
But when a DSO is unloaded, we have to restore their original values, in case this DSO
wasn't removed from memory on dlclose() and is later loaded again.

* comments from WL#5602 in sql_acl.cc
* rename global memroots in sql_acl.cc
* remove the second empty lex string constant

  Remove unused code (that should not have been merged)
  Add protocol extension (that should have been merged)
  Fix bugs (see pack.c)

Patially merge WL#5917, to understand v2 row events

fix a copy-paste error, introduced in role refactoring

fix the code to compile with clang. fix warnings too.

include/probes_mysql_nodtrace.h:
  clang++ doesn't like numeric _constants_ being used in ||
  (it suspects that the intention was | ). Boolean constants are ok.
sql/hostname.cc:
  only used in DBUG_ASSERT
sql/item.cc:
  str_to_time and str_to_datetime return bool, not MYSQL_TIMESTAMP_xxx
sql/item_func.cc:
  str_to_datetime_with_warn() returns bool, not MYSQL_TIMESTAMP_xxx
storage/cassandra/CMakeLists.txt:
  CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS can be empty
storage/connect/odbconn.cpp:
  HWND is void*
storage/connect/user_connect.h:
  deprecated on FreeBSD and unused anyway
storage/connect/value.cpp:
  bad characters inside. unused.
storage/spider/spd_trx.cc:
  clang++ warns that memset will also overwrite vtbl. it might be as well a good idea,
  as it asserts that the object will only be used as a storage.
  silence the warning.

when frm file exists, but the table does not.

In recover_from_failed_open(), allow the discovery
to fail without an error, when
open_strategy == TABLE_LIST::OPEN_IF_EXISTS.

merged from 5.6:
Bug#14521864: MYSQL 5.1 TO 5.5 BUGS PARTITIONING
Bug#16589511: MYSQL_UPGRADE FAILS TO WRITE OUT ENTIRE ALTER TABLE ... ALGORITHM= ... STATEMENT
Bug#16274455: CAN NOT ACESS PARTITIONED TABLES WHEN DOWNGRADED FROM 5.6.11 TO 5.6.10

plus minor changes from 5.6, mainly comments

Fixing include/ctype_datetime.inc not to depend on the current time zone.

            into 10.0

            into 10.0

"mtr ctype_ldml" failed when compiled with "gcc -funsigned-char".
Changing the code not to depend on the signed/unsigned compiler defaults
for the "char" data type.

Fixed.

Fixed.

in the code merged from MySQL-5.6:

  const CHARSET_INFO* -> CHARSET_INFO*

(CHARSET_INFO already has the "const" qualifier in MariaDB, inlike in MySQL)

Applied a patch from Philip Hazel implementing the non-standard
syntax for word boundaries in PCRE, for compatibility with the
old Henry Spencer's regex library.

modified:
  storage/connect/valblk.cpp

modified:
  storage/connect/ha_connect.cc
  storage/connect/value.cpp

- Fix the way GetPlug works (was not updating xp)

modified:
  storage/connect/ha_connect.cc

modified:
  storage/connect/odbconn.cpp

- Prepare Value and Valblk to support unsigned data types
  (not operational yet)

modified:
  storage/connect/colblk.cpp
  storage/connect/filamvct.cpp
  storage/connect/myconn.cpp
  storage/connect/plgdbutl.cpp
  storage/connect/tabdos.cpp
  storage/connect/tabodbc.cpp
  storage/connect/tabvct.cpp
  storage/connect/valblk.cpp
  storage/connect/valblk.h
  storage/connect/value.cpp
  storage/connect/value.h
  storage/connect/xindex.cpp

            MariaDB 10.0 server

modified:
  storage/connect/ha_connect.cc
  storage/connect/myconn.cpp
  storage/connect/myutil.cpp
  storage/connect/odbccat.h
  storage/connect/odbconn.cpp
  storage/connect/tabmysql.cpp

- Add tests on new MYSQL features

added:
  storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/my.cnf
  storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/r/mysql_discovery.result
  storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/r/mysql_exec.result
  storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/r/mysql_new.result
  storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/t/myconn.inc
  storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/t/myconn_cleanup.inc
  storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/t/mysql_discovery.test
  storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/t/mysql_exec.test
  storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/t/mysql_new.test

Analysis: In earlier MySQL 5.6 versions this table innodb_index_stats  used to have a foreign key referencing to innodb_table_stats. However, in newer MySQL 5.6 versions this foreign key is removed and if you upgrade, your innodb_table_stats is created by the earlier mariadb version, thus a newer version will complain that the table is incorrectly defined.

Added drop foreign key on mysql_system_tables_fix.sql to be executed on mysql_upgrade.