The merge accidentally
omitted the 10.4 commit 472b35c7 and
reverted the 10.5 commit 6e3bd663.

Apply 115fec58 to 10.5

The st_blksize returned by fstat(2) is not documented to be
a power of 2, like we assumed in
commit 58252fff (MDEV-26040).
While on Linux, the st_blksize appears to report the file system
block size (which hopefully is not smaller than the sector size
of the underlying block device), on FreeBSD we observed
st_blksize values that might have been something similar to st_size.

Also IBM AIX was affected by this. A simple test case would
lead to a crash when using the minimum innodb_buffer_pool_size=5m
on both FreeBSD and AIX:

seq -f 'create table t%g engine=innodb select * from seq_1_to_200000;' \
1 100|mysql test&
seq -f 'create table u%g engine=innodb select * from seq_1_to_200000;' \
1 100|mysql test&

We will fix this by not trusting st_blksize at all, and assuming that
the smallest allowed write size (for O_DIRECT) is 4096 bytes. We hope
that no storage systems with larger block size exist. Anything larger
than 4096 bytes should be unlikely, given that it is the minimum
virtual memory page size of many contemporary processors.

MariaDB Server on Microsoft Windows was not affected by this.

While the 512-byte sector size of the venerable Seagate ST-225 is still
in widespread use, the minimum innodb_page_size is 4096 bytes, and
innodb_log_file_size can be set in integer multiples of 65536 bytes.

The only occasion where InnoDB uses smaller data file block sizes than
4096 bytes is with ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED tables with KEY_BLOCK_SIZE=1
or KEY_BLOCK_SIZE=2 (or innodb_page_size=4096). For such tables,
we will from now on preallocate space in integer multiples of 4096 bytes
and let regular writes extend the file by 1024, 2048, or 3072 bytes.

The view INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES.FS_BLOCK_SIZE
should report the raw st_blksize.

For page_compressed tables, the function fil_space_get_block_size()
will map to 512 any st_blksize value that is larger than 4096.

os_file_set_size(): Assume that the file system block size is 4096 bytes,
and only support extending files to integer multiples of 4096 bytes.

fil_space_extend_must_retry(): Round down the preallocation size to
an integer multiple of 4096 bytes.

Cover all columns that did not have comments. Adjust docs based off of
MariaDB implementation.

Improve documentation of performance_schema tables by appending COLUMN
comments to tables. Additionally improve test coverage and update corresponding
tests.

This is part of the patch covering newer columns and tables in 10.5.

FTS indexes has a prefix_len=1 or prefix_len=0 as stated by comment in
mysql_prepare_create_table().

Thus, a newly added assertion should be relaxed for FTS indexes.

Any modification of buf_pool.page_hash is supposed to be protected
by buf_pool.mutex and page_hash_latch::write_lock(). The buffer pool
watch mechanism of the InnoDB change buffer was violating that
ever since commit b1ab211d (MDEV-15053).

buf_pool_t::watch_set(): Extend the critical section of buf_pool.mutex.

buf_pool_t::watch_unset(): Define non-inline, because
calls are infrequent and this function became larger.
If we have to detach a sentinel from page_hash,
do it while holding both the mutex and the exclusive hash latch.

buf_pool_t::watch_remove(): Assert that the mutex is being held.

buf_page_init_for_read(): Remove some work-arounds for
previously encountered race conditions related to buf_pool.watch.

Bug happens when partially indexed CHAR or VARCHAR field in converted from
utf8mb3 to utf8mb4.

Fixing by relaxing assertions. For some time dict_index_t and dict_table_t
are becoming not synchronized. Namely, dict_index_t has a new prefix_len which
is a multiple of a user-provided length and charset->mbmaxlen. But
the table still have and old mbmaxlen and assertion fails. This happens only
during utf8mb3 -> utf8mb4 conversions and the magic number 4 comes from
utf8mb_4_.

At the end of ALTER TABLE (innobase_rename_or_enlarge_columns_cache())
dict_index_t and dict_table_t became synchronized
again and will stay so at all times. For, example, they will be synchronized
on table load and newly added assertion proves that.

Reviewed by: serg@mariadb.com
             daniel@mariadb.org

Add wait conditions and clean up.

Add wait conditions and remove unnecessary sleep.

buf_load(): Wait for the submitted reads to finish before updating
innodb_buffer_pool_load_status.

Improve documentation of performance_schema tables by appending COLUMN
comments to tables. Additionally improve test coverage and update corresponding
tests.

failed upon killed TRUNCATE

Note: This is a backport of 1cb4caa6 from
10.3
Analysis: Assertion failure happens because less session memory is set and so
table can't be reopened. So the statement can't be used. This error goes
unreported.
Fix: Return the error state.

because the summary is incorrect after the first run anyway

buf_read_page_background(): Remove the parameter "bool sync"
and always actually initiate a page read in the background.

buf_load(): Always submit asynchronous reads. This allows
page checksums to be verified in concurrent threads as
soon as the reads are completed.

* Update wsrep-lib which contains the fix
* Add deterministic test case that reproduces the assertion
Reviewed-by: Jan Lindström <jan.lindstrom@mariadb.com>

MDEV-25684 Crash in THD::find_temporary_table while calling spider_direct_sql UDF without temporary table created

The server crashed when SPIDER_DIRECT_SQL UDF was called with
non-existing temporary table.

The bug has been introduced by 91ffdc83. The commit removed
the check, from THD::open_temporary_table(), which ensure that
the target temporary tables exist.

We can fix the bug by adding the check before the call of
THD::open_temporary_table().

As highlighted in https://bugs.gentoo.org/807995,
people occasionaly run tests in the 20:00->23:59:59 time range.

Fixes 265e3253

binlog.binlog_stm_ctype_ucs 'mix'        w1 [ fail ]
        Test ended at 2021-08-11 22:55:35

CURRENT_TEST: binlog.binlog_stm_ctype_ucs
--- /var/tmp/portage/dev-db/mariadb-10.5.11/work/mysql/mysql-test/suite/binlog/r/binlog_stm_ctype_ucs.result    2021-06-18 18:19:11.000000000 +0800
+++ /var/tmp/portage/dev-db/mariadb-10.5.11/work/mysql/mysql-test/suite/binlog/r/binlog_stm_ctype_ucs.reject    2021-08-11 22:55:34.993447479 +0800
@@ -76,21 +76,21 @@
 /*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
 DELIMITER /*!*/;
 # at #
-#YYMMDD HH:MM:SS server id #  end_log_pos # CRC32 XXX  Start: binlog v 4, server v #.##.## created YYMMDD HH:MM:SS
+#210811 22:55:34 server id #  end_log_pos # CRC32 XXX  Start: binlog v 4, server v #.##.## created 210811 22:55:34

Per https://bugs.gentoo.org/807995

The test failed with:

CURRENT_TEST: binlog.binlog_flush_binlogs_delete_domain
— /tmp/mariadb-10.5.11/mysql-test/suite/binlog/r/binlog_flush_binlogs_delete_domain.result 2021-06-18 18:19:11.000000000 +0800
+++ /tmp/mariadb-10.5.11/mysql-test/suite/binlog/r/binlog_flush_binlogs_delete_domain.reject 2021-09-01 22:55:29.406655479 +0800
@@ -85,6 +85,6 @@
ERROR HY000: The value of gtid domain being deleted ('4294967296') exceeds its maximum size of 32 bit unsigned integer
FLUSH BINARY LOGS DELETE_DOMAIN_ID = (4294967295);
Warnings:
-Warning 1076 The gtid domain being deleted ('4294967295') is not in the current binlog state
+Warning 1076 The gtid domain being deleted ('18446744073709551615') is not in the current binlog state
DROP TABLE t;
RESET MASTER;

mysqltest: Result length mismatch

ptr_domain_id is a uint32* so explicitly cast this when printing it out.

Thanks Marek Szuba for the bug report and testing the patch.