This is preparation for MDEV-12288, which would set DB_TRX_ID=0
when purging history. Also with that change in place, delete-marked
records must always refer to an undo log record via a nonzero
DB_TRX_ID column. (The DB_TRX_ID is only present in clustered index
leaf page records.)

btr_cur_parse_del_mark_set_clust_rec(), rec_get_trx_id():
Statically allocate the offsets
(should never use the heap). Add some debug assertions.

Replace some use of rec_get_trx_id() with row_get_rec_trx_id().

trx_undo_report_row_operation(): Add some sanity checks that are
common for all operations that produce undo log.

- Crude hack to get it to work. Hope Serg has a better solution at some point..

- Added variable tmp_disk_table_size
- Added variable tmp_memory_table_size as an alias for tmp_table_size
- Changed internal variable tmp_table_size to tmp_memory_table_size
- create_info.data_file_length is now set with tmp_disk_table_size
- Fixed that Aria doesn't reset max_data_file_length for internal tables
- Added status flag if table is full so that we can detect this on next insert.
  This ensures that the table is always 'correct', but we get the error one
  row after the row that grow the table too big.
- Removed some mutex lock for internal temporary tables

on Windows

Align innodb_pool_size up to the innodb_buf_pool_chunk_unit.

The field fts_token->position is not initialized in
row_merge_fts_doc_tokenize(). We cannot have that field
without changing the fulltext parser plugin ABI
(adding st_mysql_ftparser_boolean_info::position,
as it was done in MySQL 5.7 in WL#6943).

The InnoDB fulltext parser plugins "ngram" and "Mecab" that were
introduced in MySQL 5.7 do depend on that field. But the simple_parser
does not. Apparently, simple_parser is leaving the field as 0.

So, in our fix we will assume that the missing position field is 0.

When an equality that can be pushed into a materialized derived
table / view is extracted from multiple equalities and their
operands are cloned then if they have some pointers to Item_equal
objects those pointers must be set to NULL in the clones. Anyway
they are not valid in the pushed predicates.

In Mariabackup, we would want the backed-up redo log file size to be
a multiple of 512 bytes, or OS_FILE_LOG_BLOCK_SIZE. However, at startup,
InnoDB would be picky, requiring the file size to be a multiple of
innodb_page_size.

Furthermore, InnoDB would require the parameter to be a multiple of
one megabyte, while the minimum granularity is 512 bytes. Because
the data-file-oriented fil_io() API is being used for writing the
InnoDB redo log, writes will for now require innodb_log_file_size to
be a multiple of the maximum innodb_page_size (65536 bytes).

To complicate matters, InnoDB startup divided srv_log_file_size by
UNIV_PAGE_SIZE, so that initially, the unit was bytes, and later it
was innodb_page_size. We will simplify this and keep srv_log_file_size
in bytes at all times.

innobase_log_file_size: Remove. Remove some obsolete checks against
overflow on 32-bit systems. srv_log_file_size is always 64 bits, and
the maximum size 512GiB in multiples of innodb_page_size always fits
in ulint (which is 32 or 64 bits). 512GiB would be 8,388,608*64KiB or
134,217,728*4KiB.

log_init(): Remove the parameter file_size that was always passed as
srv_log_file_size.

log_set_capacity(): Add a parameter for passing the requested file size.

srv_log_file_size_requested: Declare static in srv0start.cc.

create_log_file(), create_log_files(),
innobase_start_or_create_for_mysql(): Invoke fil_node_create()
with srv_log_file_size expressed in multiples of innodb_page_size.

innobase_start_or_create_for_mysql(): Require the redo log file sizes
to be multiples of 512 bytes.

Tablespace::shutdown(): Clear m_path. This was moved from
Tablespace::~Tablespace().

LatchDebug::shutdown(): Remove a redundant condition.

trx_sys_print_mysql_binlog_offset(): Use 64-bit arithmetics and ib::info().

TRX_SYS_MYSQL_LOG_OFFSET: Replaces TRX_SYS_MYSQL_LOG_OFFSET_HIGH,
TRX_SYS_MYSQL_LOG_OFFSET_LOW.

trx_sys_update_mysql_binlog_offset(): Remove the constant parameter
field=TRX_SYS_MYSQL_LOG_INFO. Use 64-bit arithmetics.

A similar change was contributed to Percona XtraBackup, but for some
reason, it is not present in Percona XtraDB. Since MDEV-9566
(MariaDB 10.1.23), that change is present in the MariaDB XtraDB.

Change many function parameters from IORequest& to const IORequest&.

Remove an unused definition of ECANCELED.

recv_sys_init(): Remove the parameter.

recv_sys_create(): Merge to recv_sys_init().

recv_sys_mem_free(): Merge to recv_sys_close().

log_mem_free(): Merge to log_shutdown().

os_thread_active(): Remove.

srv_shutdown_all_bg_threads(): Assert that high-level threads
have already exited. Do not sleep if os_thread_count=0.

Problem:- While running tests from wsrep suite , we include file have_wsrep.inc
or have_wsrep_enabled.inc , these file test wsrep plugin is ACTIVE or 'wsrep_on'
is ON. These select does not ensure that whether 'wsrep_ready' is ON , So that
we can process SQL queries. So sometimes we will get error like this
mysqltest: At line 81: query 'call mtr.check_testcase()' failed: 1047: WSREP has
not yet prepared node for application use  not ok

Solution:- In file have_wsrep.inc and have_wsrep_enabled.inc we will include
wait_until_ready.inc , which will wait untill 'wsrep_on' is on

18a2b0a1 wasn't sufficient.
The path needed to be set so ccache wasn't picked up.

The fix was in the call the open_normal_and_derived_tables() from
the function mysql_test_select() and it was similar to those from
the patch for mdev-13107.

Added explicit PREPARE statements that failed in --ps-protocol.

Revert "travis: allowed_failures MYSQL_TEST_SUITES=plugins (MDEV-13002)"

This reverts commit c4cbc7a8.

The problems were in the code of sql_show.cc. There the tables
could be opened in such a way that mysql_derived_init() never
worked for CTE tables. As a result they were not marked as
derived and mysql_handle_derived() were not called for derived
tables used in their specifications.

The "is null" function performs one operation which no other Item_func
does, which is to update used tables during fix_length_and_dec().

This however can not be performed before window functions have had a
chance to resolve their order by and partition by definitions, which
happens after the initial setup_fields call. Consequently, do not call
Item_func_isnull update_used_tables during fix_length_and_dec().

There was another issue detected once the crash was resolved.
Because window functions did not implement is_null() method, we would
end up returning bad results for "is null" and "is not null" functions.
Implemented is_null() method for Item_windowfunc.

During statement preparation st_order::item gets set to a value in
ref_ptr_array. During statement execution we were overriding that value,
causing subsequent checks for window functions to return true.

Whenever we do any setting from ref_ptr_array, make sure to always
store the value in all_fields as well.

For function items containing window functions, as MDEV-12336 has
discovered, we don't need to create a separate Item_direct_ref or
Item_aggregate_ref as they will be computed directly from the top-level
item once the window function argument columns are computed.

These self references were previously used to avoid having to check the
IO_CACHE's type. However, a benchmark shows that on x86 5930k stock,
the type comparison is marginally faster than the double pointer dereference.
For 40 billion my_b_tell calls, the difference is .1 seconds in favor of performing the
type check. (Basically there is no measurable difference)

To prevent bugs from copying the structure using the equals(=) operator,
and having to do the bookkeeping manually, remove these "convenience"
variables.

srv_log_files_created: A debug flag to ensure that InnoDB redo log
files can only be created once in the server lifetime, and that
after log files have been created, no crash recovery will take place.

recv_scan_log_recs(): Detect the special case where the log consists
of a sole MLOG_CHECKPOINT record, such as immediately after creating
the redo logs.

recv_recovery_from_checkpoint_start(): Skip the recovery message
if the redo log is logically empty.

A merge error caused InnoDB bootstrap to fail when
innodb_undo_tablespaces was set to more than 2.
This was because of a bug that was introduced to
srv_undo_tablespaces_init() by the merge.

Furthermore, some adjustments for Oracle Bug#25551311 aka
Bug#23517560 changes were forgotten. We must minimize direct
references to srv_undo_tablespaces_open and use predicates
instead.

srv_undo_tablespaces_init(): Increment srv_undo_tablespaces_open
once, not twice, per loop iteration.

is_system_or_undo_tablespace(): Remove (unused function).

is_predefined_tablespace(): Invoke srv_is_undo_tablespace().

When it comes to DEFAULT values of columns, InnoDB is imposing both
unnecessary and insufficient conditions on whether ALGORITHM=INPLACE
should be allowed for ALTER TABLE.

When changing an existing column to NOT NULL, any NULL values in the
columns only get a special treatment if the column is changed to an
AUTO_INCREMENT column (which is not supported by ALGORITHM=INPLACE)
or the column type is TIMESTAMP. In all other cases, an error
must be reported for the failure to convert a NULL value to NOT NULL.

InnoDB was unnecessarily interested in whether the DEFAULT value
is not constant when altering other than TIMESTAMP columns. Also,
when changing a TIMESTAMP column to NOT NULL, InnoDB was performing
an insufficient check, and it was incorrectly allowing a constant
DEFAULT value while not being able to replace NULL values with that
constant value.

Furthermore, in ADD COLUMN, InnoDB is unnecessarily rejecting certain
nondeterministic DEFAULT expressions (depending on the session
parameters or the current time).

This patch corrects the fix for mdev-12845.