Fixed on MDEV-27713. Added additional test case.

When thread is BF aborted by high priority service, ULL (user level
locks need to be removed and released). Calling directly release of lock for
MDL_EXPLICIT type doesn't clear also `thd->ull_hash`. Method
`mysql_ull_cleanup` will properly clear all information about ULL locks
for thread.
Reviewed-by: Jan Lindström <jan.lindstrom@mariadb.com>

Using parallel slave applying can cause deadlock between between DDL and
other events. GTID with lower seqno can be blocked in galera when node
entered TOI mode, but DDL GTID which has higher node can be blocked
before previous GTIDs are applied locally.

Fix is to check prior commits before entering TOI.
Reviewed-by: Jan Lindström <jan.lindstrom@mariadb.com>

* Fix test galera.MW-44 to make it work with --ps-protocol
* Skip test galera.MW-328C under --ps-protocol This test
  relies on wsrep_retry_autocommit, which has no effect
  under ps-protocol.
* Return WSREP related errors on COM_STMT_PREPARE commands
  Change wsrep_command_no_result() to allow sending back errors
  when a statement is prepared. For example, to handle deadlock
  error due to BF aborted transaction during prepare.
* Add sync waiting before statement prepare
  When a statement is prepared, tables used in the statement may be
  opened and checked for existence. Because of that, some tests (for
  example galera_create_table_as_select) that CREATE a table in one node
  and then SELECT from the same table in another node may result in errors
  due to non existing table.
  To make tests behave similarly under normal and PS protocol, we add a
  call to sync wait before preparing statements that would sync wait
  during normal execution.
Reviewed-by: Jan Lindström <jan.lindstrom@mariadb.com>

Update wsrep-lib which contains a fixup introduced with MDEV-27553.
Also, adapt the corresponding test: after apply failure on ROLLBACK,
node will disconnect from cluster
Reviewed-by: Jan Lindström <jan.lindstrom@mariadb.com>

Handling BF abort for prepared statement execution so that EXECUTE processing will continue
until parameter setup is complete, before BF abort bails out the statement execution.

THD class has new boolean member: wsrep_delayed_BF_abort, which is set if BF abort is observed
in do_command() right after reading client's packet, and if the client has sent PS execute command.
In such case, the deadlock error is not returned immediately back to client, but the PS execution
will be started. However, the PS execution loop, will now check if wsrep_delayed_BF_abort is set, and
stop the PS execution after the type information has been assigned for the PS.
With this, the PS protocol type information, which is present in the first PS EXECUTE command, is not lost
even if the first PS EXECUTE command was marked to abort.
Reviewed-by: Jan Lindström <jan.lindstrom@mariadb.com>

This commit contains a test for reproducing the issue in MDEV-27649,
where a transaction, executing a prepared statment, is BF aborted.
The scenario, in MDEV-27649  has a transaction which has prepared a PS,
but not yet executed it, and this transaction is then BF aborted in this state.
When the BF aborted transaction tries to execute the PS, it will receive deadlock error.
But, when it tries to execute the PS second time, the node crashes.

Mtr test galera.galera_bf_abort_ps_bind, exercises this scenario.

However, mtr test platform does not have mechanism to control the execution of PS in required detail.
For this purpose, mysqltetst.cc was extended to contain 4 new commands:
PS_prepare   - to prepare a prepared statement
PS_bind      - to bind values for parameters for the PS
PS_execute   - to execute the PS
PS_close     - to close the PS

The support for controlling prepared statments in mtr scripts is quite minimal
in this commit. Limitations are:
* only one PS can be used by a connection, at a time
* only input parameters can be bound for the PS
* only varchar, integer or float type of parameters can be bound

added the result

fixes
Reviewed-by: Jan Lindström <jan.lindstrom@mariadb.com>

extra2_read_len resolved by keeping the implementation
in sql/table.cc by exposed it for use by ha_partition.cc

Remove identical implementation in unireg.h
(ref: bfed2c7d)

Per Marko's comment in JIRA, sql_kill is passing the thread id
as long long. We change the format of the error messages to match,
and cast the thread id to long long in sql_kill_user.

The 10.5 test error main.grant_kill showed up a incorrect
thread id on a big endian architecture.

The cause of this is the sql_kill_user function assumed the
error was ER_OUT_OF_RESOURCES, when the the actual error was
ER_KILL_DENIED_ERROR. ER_KILL_DENIED_ERROR as an error message
requires a thread id to be passed as unsigned long, however a
user/host was passed.

ER_OUT_OF_RESOURCES doesn't even take a user/host, despite
the optimistic comment. We remove this being passed as an
argument to the function so that when MDEV-21978 is implemented
one less compiler format warning is generated (which would
have caught this error sooner).

Thanks Otto for reporting and Marko for analysis.

commit '6de482a6'

10.3 no longer errors in truncate_notembedded.test
but per comments, a non-crash is all that we are after.

- InnoDB fails to skip newly created column while checking for
change column when table is in redundant row format. This issue
is caused the MDEV-18035 (ccb1acbd)

MDEV-23210 Assertion `(length % 4) == 0' failed in my_lengthsp_utf32 on ALTER TABLE, SELECT and INSERT

Problem:
Parse-time conversion from binary to tricky character sets like utf32
produced ill-formed strings. So, later a chash happened in debug builds,
or a wrong SHOW CREATE TABLE was returned in release builds.

Fix:

1. Backporting a few methods from 10.3:
  - THD::check_string_for_wellformedness()
  - THD::convert_string() overloads
  - THD::make_text_string_connection()

2. Adding a new method THD::reinterpret_string_from_binary(),
   which makes sure to either returns a well-formed string
   (optionally prepending with zero bytes), or returns an error.

mysqltest allows leading spaces before `--`, so mtr should too

whenever possible, partitioning should use the full
partition plugin name, not the one byte legacy code.

Normally, ha_partition can get the engine plugin from
table_share->default_part_plugin.

But in some cases, e.g. in DROP TABLE, the table isn't
opened, table_share is NULL, and ha_partition has to parse
the frm, much like dd_frm_type() does.

temporary_tables.cc, sql_table.cc:

When dropping a table, it must be deleted in the engine
first, then frm file. Because frm can be the only true
source of metadata that the engine might need for DROP.

table.cc:

when opening a partitioned table, if the engine for
partitions is not found, do not fallback to MyISAM.

not every index-using plan sets bits in table->quick_keys.
QUICK_ROR_INTERSECT_SELECT, for example, doesn't.

Use the fact that select->quick is set instead.

Also allow EXPLAIN to work.

Let us explicitly wait for purge before invoking a slow shutdown,
so that instrumented builds (such as ASAN or UBSAN) will not
exceed the 60-second timeout during shutdown.

The virtual member function that was added in
commit 1766a18e
needs to be declared "override".

The first step for deprecating innodb_autoinc_lock_mode(see MDEV-27844) is:
- to switch statement binlog format to ROW if binlog format is MIXED and
the statement changes autoincremented fields
- issue warnings if innodb_autoinc_lock_mode == 2 and binlog format is
STATEMENT

The warning out of OPTIMIZE
  Statement is unsafe because it uses a system function
was indeed counterfactual and was resulted by checking an
insufficiently strict property of lex' sql_command_flags.

Fixed with deploying an additional checking of weather
the current sql command that modifes a share->non_determinstic_insert
table is capable of generating ROW format events.
The extra check rules out the unsafety to OPTIMIZE et al, while the
existing check continues to do so to CREATE TABLE (which is
perculiarly tagged as ROW-event generative sql command).

As a side effect sql_sequence.binlog test gets corrected and
binlog_stm_unsafe_warning.test is reinforced to add up
an unsafe CREATE..SELECT test.

Travis is dead to us so we don't need all the conditions around it.

Remove depends for no longer supported versions

Debian Jessies, and Ubuntu Trusty, Xenial, Wily are all eol
as far as we are concerned.

The dependancy on an apt cache when running autobake broke the
10.2 aarch64 packages (MDEV-28014). Lets reduce the risk here.

zstd-1.1.3 is needed however stretch has only 1.1.2.

Move to distro version based checks as checks against the
apt-cache are unreliable if there is no cache.

Fixed typo in my_malloc_size_cb_func. There is no max-thread-mem-used
sys variable in MariaDB, only max-session-mem-used. The relevant entry
in sys_vars.cc is also fixed.

Added a fallback case in case we could allocate the 256 bytes for the
error message containing the exact setting.

MDEV-27025 allows to insert records before the record on which DELETE is
locked, as a result the DELETE misses those records, what causes serious ACID
violation.

Revert MDEV-27025, MDEV-27550. The test which shows the scenario of ACID
violation is added.

The virtual member function handler::reset_auto_increment(ulonglong)
is only ever invoked by the default implementation of the virtual
member function handler::truncate().

Because ha_innobase::truncate() overrides handler::truncate() without
ever invoking handler::truncate(), some InnoDB member functions are
never called.

ha_innobase::innobase_reset_autoinc(), ha_innobase::reset_auto_increment():
Removed (unreachable code).

ha_innobase::delete_all_rows(): Removed. The default implementation
handler::delete_all_rows() works just as fine.

- InnoDB FTS DDL decrements the FTS_DOC_ID when there is a
deleted marked record involved. FTS_DOC_ID must never be
reused. The purpose of FTS_DOC_ID is to be a unique row
identifier that will be changed whenever a fulltext indexed
column is updated.

btr_cur_optimistic_insert(): Disregard DEBUG_DBUG injection to
invoke btr_page_reorganize() if the page (and the table) is empty.
Otherwise, an assertion would fail in btr_page_reorganize_low()
because PAGE_MAX_TRX_ID is 0 in an empty secondary index leaf page.

Fixed by not sending --group option to the server (for now)

Reviwer: Sergei Golubchik