Fix assorted compiler warnings.

sql/mysqld.cc:
  Do not declare max_page_size twice. If large pages support
  is enabled, the code expects the size in max_desired_page_size.
storage/innobase/include/ibuf0ibuf.h:
  Remove trailing comma. Only present in C99.
  
  Approved by: Vasil (via IRC)
storage/innobase/include/row0row.h:
  Remove trailing comma. Only present in C99.
  
  Approved by: Vasil (via IRC)
strings/my_vsnprintf.c:
  No need to assert the obvious.

 Bug#55744 GROUP_CONCAT + CASE + ucs return garbage
revealed problems in how character set aggregation
code works with prepared statements.

This patch fixes (hopefully) the problems.

Due to the extent of aliasing violations in the MySQL source
code, at this time it is safer to disable strict aliasing related
optimizations in release builds.

As of this patch, only GCC enables strict aliasing by default.
Hence, use the -fno-strict-aliasing option to disable the
aliasing rules.

cmake/build_configurations/mysql_release.cmake:
  Add -fno-strict-aliasing to release builds.

Adding a comment to scheduler_types on
the default values used.

The server contained code for the server variable and
option thread_pool_size, but this server variable where
not used anywhere.

The variable is probably remains from backporting too
much from 6.0 (specifically, the thread pool
implementation was not backported from 6.0, which this
variable is associated with).

This patch eliminates the variable from the server.

Only wait for a single debug signal at a time as the signal state
is global. Also, do not activate the query cache debug sync points
if the thread has no associated THD session.

mysql-test/t/query_cache_debug.test:
  Only wait for a single debug signal at a time as the signal state
  is global.
sql/sql_cache.cc:
  Do not execute the debug sync point if the thread has no associated
  THD session. This scenario happens for federated threads.

Buffer overrun when trying to format DBL_MAX


mysql-test/r/func_math.result:
  Add test case for Bug#57209
mysql-test/t/func_math.test:
  Add test case for Bug#57209
sql/item_strfunc.cc:
  Allocate a larger buffer for the result.

engine is not available. We need to add loose prefix
to example load option.

        now do no initializations for the --help.
        Do it for --verbose --help though.

per-file comments:
  sql/mysqld.cc
Bug#30025 Mysqld prints out warnings/errors being run with --no-defaults --help
        quit with the help message at once as --help was given

        Issue an error if user specifies multiple commands to run.
        Also there was an unnoticed bug that DO_CHECK was actually 0 which lead
        to wrong actions in some cases.
        The mysqlcheck.test contained commands with the suspicious meaning
        for the above reason. Extra commands removed from there.

per-file commands:
  client/mysqlcheck.c
Bug#35269      mysqlcheck behaves different depending on order of parameters
        Drop with an error if multiple commands.
  mysql-test/r/mysqlcheck.result
Bug#35269      mysqlcheck behaves different depending on order of parameters
        result completed.
  mysql-test/t/mysqlcheck.test
Bug#35269      mysqlcheck behaves different depending on order of parameters
        testcase added.
        not-working commands removed from some mysqlcheck calls.

Fix warnings related to the use of the deprecated gets() function
and passing NULL to non-pointer argument of the sys_var constructor.

plugin/auth/dialog.c:
  Do not use the deprecated gets() function.
sql/sys_vars.h:
  Do not pass NULL to a non-pointer argument of the sys_var constructor.

Move Query_cache_wait_state declaration out of a debug block.

The problem was that threads waiting on the query cache lock
are not easily seen due to the lack of a state indicating that
the thread is waiting on the said lock. This made it difficult
for users to quickly spot (for example, via SHOW PROCESSLIST)
a query cache contention problem.

The solution is to update the thread state when the query cache
lock needs to be acquired. Whenever the lock is to be acquired,
the thread state is updated to "Waiting for query cache lock"
and is reset once the lock is granted or the wait is interrupted.
The intention is to make query cache related hangs more evident.

To further investigate query cache related locking problems, one
may use PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA to track the overhead associated with
the locking bits and determine which particular lock is being a
contention point.

sql/sql_cache.cc:
  Set and reset the thread state whenever a attempt to lock the
  query cache is made.
  
  Use DEBUG_SYNC instead of the now unnecessary wait_for_kill hack.

The coalesce function returned DATETIME type due to a DATETIME argument, but
since it's not a date/time function it can't return correct int value for
it. Nevertheless Item_datetime_cache was chosen to cache coalesce's result
and that led to a wrong result.

Now Item_datetime_cache is used only for those function that could return
correct int representation of DATETIME values.


mysql-test/r/type_datetime.result:
  Added a test case for the bug#57095.
mysql-test/t/type_datetime.test:
  Added a test case for the bug#57095.
sql/item.cc:
  Bug#57095: Wrongly chosen expression cache type led to a wrong result.
  Now Item_datetime_cache is used only for those function that could return
  correct int representation of DATETIME values.

      
The error message for ER_SLAVE_HEARTBEAT_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE was
hard coded. Additionally, the same error was used in three
separate error symptoms: 1. when heartbeat period exceeds the
value of slave_net_timeout, 2. when it is smaller than 1
milisecond and 3. when it was not in range, ie, either negative
or greater than the maximum allowed.
      
We fix this by splitting into three distinct errors and by
removing the message from the source code and moving it to the
errmsg-utf8.txt file.

No conflicts

set to 128k.

mysql-test/collections/default.experimental:
  Re-enabled test rpl.rpl_row_sp011*.
sql/sp_head.cc:
  sp_head::execute() modified: pass constant value 2 * STACK_MIN_SIZE
  instead of 8 * STACK_MIN_SIZE  as a second argument value
  in call to check_stack_overrun.

This is the 5.5 version of the fix. The 5.1 version was too complicated to
merge and was null merged.

This is a regression from the fix for bug no 38999. A storage engine capable
of reading only a subset of a table's columns updates corresponding bits in
the read buffer to signal that it has read NULL values for the corresponding
columns. It cannot, and should not, update any other bits. Bug no 38999
occurred because the implementation of UPDATE statements compare the NULL bits
using memcmp, inadvertently comparing bits that were never requested from the
storage engine. The regression was caused by the storage engine trying to
alleviate the situation by writing to all NULL bits, even those that it had no
knowledge of. This has devastating effects for the index merge algorithm,
which relies on all NULL bits, except those explicitly requested, being left
unchanged.

The fix reverts the fix for bug no 38999 in both InnoDB and InnoDB plugin and
changes the server's method of comparing records. For engines that always read
entire rows, we proceed as usual. For engines capable of reading only select
columns, the record buffers are now compared on a column by column basis. An
assertion was also added so that non comparable buffers are never read. Some
relevant copy-pasted code was also consolidated in a new function.

 - Fix the version of NDB in MySQL Server to 5.5.7(although it's actually 6.2.18)

 - Move file ha_ndbcluster.m4
 - Move "sinclude" directive from configure.in to storag/ndb/plug.in

This is a regression from the fix for bug no 38999. A storage engine capable
of reading only a subset of a table's columns updates corresponding bits in
the read buffer to signal that it has read NULL values for the corresponding
columns. It cannot, and should not, update any other bits. Bug no 38999
occurred because the implementation of UPDATE statements compare the NULL bits
using memcmp, inadvertently comparing bits that were never requested from the
storage engine. The regression was caused by the storage engine trying to
alleviate the situation by writing to all NULL bits, even those that it had no
knowledge of. This has devastating effects for the index merge algorithm,
which relies on all NULL bits, except those explicitly requested, being left
unchanged.

The fix reverts the fix for bug no 38999 in both InnoDB and InnoDB plugin and
changes the server's method of comparing records. For engines that always read
entire rows, we proceed as usual. For engines capable of reading only select
columns, the record buffers are now compared on a column by column basis. An
assertion was also added so that non comparable buffers are never read. Some
relevant copy-pasted code was also consolidated in a new function.

The subtime function wasn't able to produce correct int representation of
its result. For constant expressions the Item_datetime_cache is used to
speedup evaluation and Item_datetime_cache expects underlying item to return
correct int representation of DATETIME value. These two factors combined led
to a wrong query result.

Now the Item_func_add_time has function val_datetime which performs the
calculation and saves result into given MYSQL_TIME struct, it also sets
null_value to appropriate value. val_int and val_str member functions
convert the result obtained from val_datetime to int or string respectively
and returns it.

mysql-test/r/func_time.result:
  Added a test case for the bug#57039.
mysql-test/t/func_time.test:
  Added a test case for the bug#57039.
sql/item_timefunc.cc:
  Bug#57039: constant subtime expression returns incorrect result.
  Now the Item_func_add_time has function val_datetime which performs the
  calculation and saves result into given MYSQL_TIME struct, it also sets
  null_value to appropriate value. val_int and val_str member functions
  convert the result obtained from val_datetime to int or string respectively
  and returns it.
sql/item_timefunc.h:
  Bug#57039: constant subtime expression returns incorrect result.

The fix is to:
  - introduce ORACLE_WELCOME_COPYRIGHT_NOTICE define to have a single place
    to specify copyright notice;
  - replace custom copyright notices with ORACLE_WELCOME_COPYRIGHT_NOTICE
    in programs.

Bug#54678: InnoDB, TRUNCATE, ALTER, I_S SELECT, crash or deadlock

- Incompatible change: truncate no longer resorts to a row by
row delete if the storage engine does not support the truncate
method. Consequently, the count of affected rows does not, in
any case, reflect the actual number of rows.

- Incompatible change: it is no longer possible to truncate a
table that participates as a parent in a foreign key constraint,
unless it is a self-referencing constraint (both parent and child
are in the same table). To work around this incompatible change
and still be able to truncate such tables, disable foreign checks
with SET foreign_key_checks=0 before truncate. Alternatively, if
foreign key checks are necessary, please use a DELETE statement
without a WHERE condition.

Problem description:

The problem was that for storage engines that do not support
truncate table via a external drop and recreate, such as InnoDB
which implements truncate via a internal drop and recreate, the
delete_all_rows method could be invoked with a shared metadata
lock, causing problems if the engine needed exclusive access
to some internal metadata. This problem originated with the
fact that there is no truncate specific handler method, which
ended up leading to a abuse of the delete_all_rows method that
is primarily used for delete operations without a condition.

Solution:

The solution is to introduce a truncate handler method that is
invoked when the engine does not support truncation via a table
drop and recreate. This method is invoked under a exclusive
metadata lock, so that there is only a single instance of the
table when the method is invoked.

Also, the method is not invoked and a error is thrown if
the table is a parent in a non-self-referencing foreign key
relationship. This was necessary to avoid inconsistency as
some integrity checks are bypassed. This is inline with the
fact that truncate is primarily a DDL operation that was
designed to quickly remove all data from a table.

mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/innodb-truncate.test:
  Add test cases for truncate and foreign key checks.
  Also test that InnoDB resets auto-increment on truncate.
mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/innodb.test:
  FK is not necessary, test is related to auto-increment.
  
  Update error number, truncate is no longer invoked if
  table is parent in a FK relationship.
mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/innodb_mysql.test:
  Update error number, truncate is no longer invoked if
  table is parent in a FK relationship.
  
  Use delete instead of truncate, test is used to check
  the interaction of FKs, triggers and delete.
mysql-test/suite/parts/inc/partition_check.inc:
  Fix typo.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/t/foreign_key_checks_func.test:
  Update error number, truncate is no longer invoked if
  table is parent in a FK relationship.
mysql-test/t/mdl_sync.test:
  Modify test case to reflect and ensure that truncate takes
  a exclusive metadata lock.
mysql-test/t/trigger-trans.test:
  Update error number, truncate is no longer invoked if
  table is parent in a FK relationship.
sql/ha_partition.cc:
  Reorganize the various truncate methods. delete_all_rows is now
  passed directly to the underlying engines, so as truncate. The
  code responsible for truncating individual partitions is moved
  to ha_partition::truncate_partition, which is invoked when a
  ALTER TABLE t1 TRUNCATE PARTITION p statement is executed.
  
  Since the partition truncate no longer can be invoked via
  delete, the bitmap operations are not necessary anymore. The
  explicit reset of the auto-increment value is also removed
  as the underlying engines are now responsible for reseting
  the value.
sql/handler.cc:
  Wire up the handler truncate method.
sql/handler.h:
  Introduce and document the truncate handler method. It assumes
  certain use cases of delete_all_rows.
  
  Add method to retrieve the list of foreign keys referencing a
  table. Method is used to avoid truncating tables that are
  parent in a foreign key relationship.
sql/share/errmsg-utf8.txt:
  Add error message for truncate and FK.
sql/sql_lex.h:
  Introduce a flag so that the partition engine can detect when
  a partition is being truncated. Used to give a special error.
sql/sql_parse.cc:
  Function mysql_truncate_table no longer exists.
sql/sql_partition_admin.cc:
  Implement the TRUNCATE PARTITION statement.
sql/sql_truncate.cc:
  Change the truncate table implementation to use the new truncate
  handler method and to not rely on row-by-row delete anymore.
  
  The truncate handler method is always invoked with a exclusive
  metadata lock. Also, it is no longer possible to truncate a
  table that is parent in some non-self-referencing foreign key.
storage/archive/ha_archive.cc:
  Rename method as the description indicates that in the future
  this could be a truncate operation.
storage/blackhole/ha_blackhole.cc:
  Implement truncate as no operation for the blackhole engine in
  order to remain compatible with older releases.
storage/federated/ha_federated.cc:
  Introduce truncate method that invokes delete_all_rows.
  This is required to support partition truncate as this
  form of truncate does not implement the drop and recreate
  protocol.
storage/heap/ha_heap.cc:
  Introduce truncate method that invokes delete_all_rows.
  This is required to support partition truncate as this
  form of truncate does not implement the drop and recreate
  protocol.
storage/ibmdb2i/ha_ibmdb2i.cc:
  Introduce truncate method that invokes delete_all_rows.
  This is required to support partition truncate as this
  form of truncate does not implement the drop and recreate
  protocol.
storage/innobase/handler/ha_innodb.cc:
  Rename delete_all_rows to truncate. InnoDB now does truncate
  under a exclusive metadata lock.
  
  Introduce and reorganize methods used to retrieve the list
  of foreign keys referenced by a or referencing a table.
storage/myisammrg/ha_myisammrg.cc:
  Introduce truncate method that invokes delete_all_rows.
  This is required in order to remain compatible with earlier
  releases where truncate would resort to a row-by-row delete.

Problem: CASE didn't work with a mixture of different character
sets in THEN/ELSE in some cases.
This happened because after character set aggregation
newly created Item_func_conv_charset items corresponding
to THEN/ELSE arguments were not put back to args[] array.

Fix:
put all Item_func_conv_charset back to args[].


  @ mysql-test/include/ctype_numconv.inc
  @ mysql-test/r/ctype_ucs.result
  Adding tests

  @ sql/item_cmpfunc.cc
  Put "agg" back to args[] after character set aggregation.

           x86_64 debug_max
      
Removed test cases affected by this bug from experimental 
list.