Add a macro and some helper C functions for patching single asm
instructions.

The gas macro means we can do something like:

  1:	nop
  	patch_site 1b, patch__foo

Which is less visually distracting than defining a GLOBAL symbol at 1,
and also doesn't pollute the symbol table which can confuse eg. perf.

These are obviously similar to our existing feature sections, but are
not automatically patched based on CPU/MMU features, rather they are
designed to be manually patched by C code at some arbitrary point.
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>