We are in the situation that we have to avoid recursive cluster locking,
but there is no way to check if a cluster lock has been taken by a precess
already.

Mostly, we can avoid recursive locking by writing code carefully.
However, we found that it's very hard to handle the routines that are
invoked directly by vfs code.  For instance:

  const struct inode_operations ocfs2_file_iops = {
      .permission     = ocfs2_permission,
      .get_acl        = ocfs2_iop_get_acl,
      .set_acl        = ocfs2_iop_set_acl,
  };

Both ocfs2_permission() and ocfs2_iop_get_acl() call ocfs2_inode_lock(PR):

  do_sys_open
   may_open
    inode_permission
     ocfs2_permission
      ocfs2_inode_lock() <=== first time
       generic_permission
        get_acl
         ocfs2_iop_get_acl
  	ocfs2_inode_lock() <=== recursive one

A deadlock will occur if a remote EX request comes in between two of
ocfs2_inode_lock().  Briefly describe how the deadlock is formed:

On one hand, OCFS2_LOCK_BLOCKED flag of this lockres is set in
BAST(ocfs2_generic_handle_bast) when downconvert is started on behalf of
the remote EX lock request.  Another hand, the recursive cluster lock
(the second one) will be blocked in in __ocfs2_cluster_lock() because of
OCFS2_LOCK_BLOCKED.  But, the downconvert never complete, why? because
there is no chance for the first cluster lock on this node to be
unlocked - we block ourselves in the code path.

The idea to fix this issue is mostly taken from gfs2 code.

1. introduce a new field: struct ocfs2_lock_res.l_holders, to keep track
   of the processes' pid who has taken the cluster lock of this lock
   resource;

2. introduce a new flag for ocfs2_inode_lock_full:
   OCFS2_META_LOCK_GETBH; it means just getting back disk inode bh for
   us if we've got cluster lock.

3. export a helper: ocfs2_is_locked_by_me() is used to check if we have
   got the cluster lock in the upper code path.

The tracking logic should be used by some of the ocfs2 vfs's callbacks,
to solve the recursive locking issue cuased by the fact that vfs
routines can call into each other.

The performance penalty of processing the holder list should only be
seen at a few cases where the tracking logic is used, such as get/set
acl.

You may ask what if the first time we got a PR lock, and the second time
we want a EX lock? fortunately, this case never happens in the real
world, as far as I can see, including permission check,
(get|set)_(acl|attr), and the gfs2 code also do so.

[sfr@canb.auug.org.au remove some inlines]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170117100948.11657-2-zren@suse.comSigned-off-by: Eric Ren <zren@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Joseph Qi <jiangqi903@gmail.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@versity.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>