We are testing Virtual Machine with KSM on v5.4-rc2 kernel,
and found the zero_page refcount overflow.
The cause of refcount overflow is increased in try_async_pf
(get_user_page) without being decreased in mmu_set_spte()
while handling ept violation.
In kvm_release_pfn_clean(), only unreserved page will call
put_page. However, zero page is reserved.
So, as well as creating and destroy vm, the refcount of
zero page will continue to increase until it overflows.

step1:
echo 10000 > /sys/kernel/pages_to_scan/pages_to_scan
echo 1 > /sys/kernel/pages_to_scan/run
echo 1 > /sys/kernel/pages_to_scan/use_zero_pages

step2:
just create several normal qemu kvm vms.
And destroy it after 10s.
Repeat this action all the time.

After a long period of time, all domains hang because
of the refcount of zero page overflow.

Qemu print error log as follow:
 …
 error: kvm run failed Bad address
 EAX=00006cdc EBX=00000008 ECX=80202001 EDX=078bfbfd
 ESI=ffffffff EDI=00000000 EBP=00000008 ESP=00006cc4
 EIP=000efd75 EFL=00010002 [-------] CPL=0 II=0 A20=1 SMM=0 HLT=0
 ES =0010 00000000 ffffffff 00c09300 DPL=0 DS   [-WA]
 CS =0008 00000000 ffffffff 00c09b00 DPL=0 CS32 [-RA]
 SS =0010 00000000 ffffffff 00c09300 DPL=0 DS   [-WA]
 DS =0010 00000000 ffffffff 00c09300 DPL=0 DS   [-WA]
 FS =0010 00000000 ffffffff 00c09300 DPL=0 DS   [-WA]
 GS =0010 00000000 ffffffff 00c09300 DPL=0 DS   [-WA]
 LDT=0000 00000000 0000ffff 00008200 DPL=0 LDT
 TR =0000 00000000 0000ffff 00008b00 DPL=0 TSS32-busy
 GDT=     000f7070 00000037
 IDT=     000f70ae 00000000
 CR0=00000011 CR2=00000000 CR3=00000000 CR4=00000000
 DR0=0000000000000000 DR1=0000000000000000 DR2=0000000000000000 DR3=0000000000000000
 DR6=00000000ffff0ff0 DR7=0000000000000400
 EFER=0000000000000000
 Code=00 01 00 00 00 e9 e8 00 00 00 c7 05 4c 55 0f 00 01 00 00 00 <8b> 35 00 00 01 00 8b 3d 04 00 01 00 b8 d8 d3 00 00 c1 e0 08 0c ea a3 00 00 01 00 c7 05 04
 …

Meanwhile, a kernel warning is departed.

 [40914.836375] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 82067 at ./include/linux/mm.h:987 try_get_page+0x1f/0x30
 [40914.836412] CPU: 3 PID: 82067 Comm: CPU 0/KVM Kdump: loaded Tainted: G           OE     5.2.0-rc2 #5
 [40914.836415] RIP: 0010:try_get_page+0x1f/0x30
 [40914.836417] Code: 40 00 c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 8b 47 08 a8 01 75 11 8b 47 34 85 c0 7e 10 f0 ff 47 34 b8 01 00 00 00 c3 48 8d 78 ff eb e9 <0f> 0b 31 c0 c3 66 90 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 0
 0 00 00 00 48 8b 47 08 a8
 [40914.836418] RSP: 0018:ffffb4144e523988 EFLAGS: 00010286
 [40914.836419] RAX: 0000000080000000 RBX: 0000000000000326 RCX: 0000000000000000
 [40914.836420] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00004ffdeba10000 RDI: ffffdf07093f6440
 [40914.836421] RBP: ffffdf07093f6440 R08: 800000424fd91225 R09: 0000000000000000
 [40914.836421] R10: ffff9eb41bfeebb8 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffdf06bbd1e8a8
 [40914.836422] R13: 0000000000000080 R14: 800000424fd91225 R15: ffffdf07093f6440
 [40914.836423] FS:  00007fb60ffff700(0000) GS:ffff9eb4802c0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
 [40914.836425] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
 [40914.836426] CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 0000002f220e6002 CR4: 00000000003626e0
 [40914.836427] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
 [40914.836427] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
 [40914.836428] Call Trace:
 [40914.836433]  follow_page_pte+0x302/0x47b
 [40914.836437]  __get_user_pages+0xf1/0x7d0
 [40914.836441]  ? irq_work_queue+0x9/0x70
 [40914.836443]  get_user_pages_unlocked+0x13f/0x1e0
 [40914.836469]  __gfn_to_pfn_memslot+0x10e/0x400 [kvm]
 [40914.836486]  try_async_pf+0x87/0x240 [kvm]
 [40914.836503]  tdp_page_fault+0x139/0x270 [kvm]
 [40914.836523]  kvm_mmu_page_fault+0x76/0x5e0 [kvm]
 [40914.836588]  vcpu_enter_guest+0xb45/0x1570 [kvm]
 [40914.836632]  kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x35d/0x580 [kvm]
 [40914.836645]  kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x26e/0x5d0 [kvm]
 [40914.836650]  do_vfs_ioctl+0xa9/0x620
 [40914.836653]  ksys_ioctl+0x60/0x90
 [40914.836654]  __x64_sys_ioctl+0x16/0x20
 [40914.836658]  do_syscall_64+0x5b/0x180
 [40914.836664]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
 [40914.836666] RIP: 0033:0x7fb61cb6bfc7
Signed-off-by: LinFeng <linfeng23@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Zhuang Yanying <ann.zhuangyanying@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>