printk_safe_flush_on_panic() caused the following deadlock on our
server:

CPU0:                                         CPU1:
panic                                         rcu_dump_cpu_stacks
  kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus                      nmi_trigger_cpumask_backtrace
    register_nmi_handler(crash_nmi_callback)      printk_safe_flush
                                                    __printk_safe_flush
                                                      raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&read_lock)
    // send NMI to other processors
    apic_send_IPI_allbutself(NMI_VECTOR)
                                                        // NMI interrupt, dead loop
                                                        crash_nmi_callback
  printk_safe_flush_on_panic
    printk_safe_flush
      __printk_safe_flush
        // deadlock
        raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&read_lock)

DEADLOCK: read_lock is taken on CPU1 and will never get released.

It happens when panic() stops a CPU by NMI while it has been in
the middle of printk_safe_flush().

Handle the lock the same way as logbuf_lock. The printk_safe buffers
are flushed only when both locks can be safely taken. It can avoid
the deadlock _in this particular case_ at expense of losing contents
of printk_safe buffers.

Note: It would actually be safe to re-init the locks when all CPUs were
      stopped by NMI. But it would require passing this information
      from arch-specific code. It is not worth the complexity.
      Especially because logbuf_lock and printk_safe buffers have been
      obsoleted by the lockless ring buffer.

Fixes: cf9b1106 ("printk/nmi: flush NMI messages on the system panic")
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Acked-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210210034823.64867-1-songmuchun@bytedance.com