Doing this would reliably fail with -EBUSY for me:

# mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt/scratch; umount /mnt/scratch; mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sdb2
...
unable to open /dev/sdb2: Device or resource busy

because mkfs.btrfs tries to open the device O_EXCL, and somebody still has it.

Using systemtap to track bdev gets & puts shows a kworker thread doing a
blkdev put after mkfs attempts a get; this is left over from the unmount
path:

btrfs_close_devices
	__btrfs_close_devices
		call_rcu(&device->rcu, free_device);
			free_device
				INIT_WORK(&device->rcu_work, __free_device);
				schedule_work(&device->rcu_work);

so unmount might complete before __free_device fires & does its blkdev_put.

Adding an rcu_barrier() to btrfs_close_devices() causes unmount to wait
until all blkdev_put()s are done, and the device is truly free once
unmount completes.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@fusionio.com>