Asynchronously try to release dying cgwbs by switching attached inodes to
the nearest living ancestor wb.  It helps to get rid of per-cgroup
writeback structures themselves and of pinned memory and block cgroups,
which are significantly larger structures (mostly due to large per-cpu
statistics data).  This prevents memory waste and helps to avoid different
scalability problems caused by large piles of dying cgroups.

Reuse the existing mechanism of inode switching used for foreign inode
detection.  To speed things up batch up to 115 inode switching in a single
operation (the maximum number is selected so that the resulting struct
inode_switch_wbs_context can fit into 1024 bytes).  Because every
switching consists of two steps divided by an RCU grace period, it would
be too slow without batching.  Please note that the whole batch counts as
a single operation (when increasing/decreasing isw_nr_in_flight).  This
allows to keep umounting working (flush the switching queue), however
prevents cleanups from consuming the whole switching quota and effectively
blocking the frn switching.

A cgwb cleanup operation can fail due to different reasons (e.g.  not
enough memory, the cgwb has an in-flight/pending io, an attached inode in
a wrong state, etc).  In this case the next scheduled cleanup will make a
new attempt.  An attempt is made each time a new cgwb is offlined (in
other words a memcg and/or a blkcg is deleted by a user).  In the future
an additional attempt scheduled by a timer can be implemented.

[guro@fb.com: replace open-coded "115" with arithmetic]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/YMEcSBcq/VXMiPPO@carbon.dhcp.thefacebook.com
[guro@fb.com: add smp_mb() to inode_prepare_wbs_switch()]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/YMFa+guFw7OFjf3X@carbon.dhcp.thefacebook.com
[willy@infradead.org: fix documentation]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210615200242.1716568-2-willy@infradead.org

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210608230225.2078447-9-guro@fb.comSigned-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>