SGX uses shmem backing storage to store encrypted enclave pages
and their crypto metadata when enclave pages are moved out of
enclave memory. Two shmem backing storage pages are associated with
each enclave page - one backing page to contain the encrypted
enclave page data and one backing page (shared by a few
enclave pages) to contain the crypto metadata used by the
processor to verify the enclave page when it is loaded back into
the enclave.

sgx_encl_put_backing() is used to release references to the
backing storage and, optionally, mark both backing store pages
as dirty.

Managing references and dirty status together in this way results
in both backing store pages marked as dirty, even if only one of
the backing store pages are changed.

Additionally, waiting until the page reference is dropped to set
the page dirty risks a race with the page fault handler that
may load outdated data into the enclave when a page is faulted
right after it is reclaimed.

Consider what happens if the reclaimer writes a page to the backing
store and the page is immediately faulted back, before the reclaimer
is able to set the dirty bit of the page:

sgx_reclaim_pages() {                    sgx_vma_fault() {
  ...
  sgx_encl_get_backing();
  ...                                      ...
  sgx_reclaimer_write() {
    mutex_lock(&encl->lock);
    /* Write data to backing store */
    mutex_unlock(&encl->lock);
  }
                                           mutex_lock(&encl->lock);
                                           __sgx_encl_eldu() {
                                             ...
                                             /*
                                              * Enclave backing store
                                              * page not released
                                              * nor marked dirty -
                                              * contents may not be
                                              * up to date.
                                              */
                                              sgx_encl_get_backing();
                                              ...
                                              /*
                                               * Enclave data restored
                                               * from backing store
                                               * and PCMD pages that
                                               * are not up to date.
                                               * ENCLS[ELDU] faults
                                               * because of MAC or PCMD
                                               * checking failure.
                                               */
                                               sgx_encl_put_backing();
                                            }
                                            ...
  /* set page dirty */
  sgx_encl_put_backing();
  ...
                                            mutex_unlock(&encl->lock);
}                                        }

Remove the option to sgx_encl_put_backing() to set the backing
pages as dirty and set the needed pages as dirty right after
receiving important data while enclave mutex is held. This ensures that
the page fault handler can get up to date data from a page and prepares
the code for a following change where only one of the backing pages
need to be marked as dirty.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 1728ab54 ("x86/sgx: Add a page reclaimer")
Suggested-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Reinette Chatre <reinette.chatre@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <jarkko@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Haitao Huang <haitao.huang@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-sgx/8922e48f-6646-c7cc-6393-7c78dcf23d23@intel.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/fa9f98986923f43e72ef4c6702a50b2a0b3c42e3.1652389823.git.reinette.chatre@intel.com