[Syncookies]: Add support for TCP options via timestamps.

Allow the use of SACK and window scaling when syncookies are used
and the client supports tcp timestamps. Options are encoded into
the timestamp sent in the syn-ack and restored from the timestamp
echo when the ack is received.

Based on earlier work by Glenn Griffin.
This patch avoids increasing the size of structs by encoding TCP
options into the least significant bits of the timestamp and
by not using any 'timestamp offset'.

The downside is that the timestamp sent in the packet after the synack
will increase by several seconds.

changes since v1:
 don't duplicate timestamp echo decoding function, put it into ipv4/syncookie.c
 and have ipv6/syncookies.c use it.
 Feedback from Glenn Griffin: fix line indented with spaces, kill redundant if ()
Reviewed-by: Hagen Paul Pfeifer <hagen@jauu.net>
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

include/net/request_sock.h

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ struct request_sock {
 	struct request_sock		*dl_next; /* Must be first member! */
 	u16				mss;
 	u8				retrans;
-	u8				__pad;
+	u8				cookie_ts; /* syncookie: encode tcpopts in timestamp */
 	/* The following two fields can be easily recomputed I think -AK */
 	u32				window_clamp; /* window clamp at creation time */
 	u32				rcv_wnd;	  /* rcv_wnd offered first time */

include/net/tcp.h

@@ -442,6 +442,9 @@ extern struct sock *cookie_v4_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 extern __u32 cookie_v4_init_sequence(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb, 
 				     __u16 *mss);
 
+extern __u32 cookie_init_timestamp(struct request_sock *req);
+extern void cookie_check_timestamp(struct tcp_options_received *tcp_opt);
+
 /* From net/ipv6/syncookies.c */
 extern struct sock *cookie_v6_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb);
 extern __u32 cookie_v6_init_sequence(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
@@ -956,6 +959,7 @@ static inline void tcp_openreq_init(struct request_sock *req,
 	struct inet_request_sock *ireq = inet_rsk(req);
 
 	req->rcv_wnd = 0;		/* So that tcp_send_synack() knows! */
+	req->cookie_ts = 0;
 	tcp_rsk(req)->rcv_isn = TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->seq;
 	req->mss = rx_opt->mss_clamp;
 	req->ts_recent = rx_opt->saw_tstamp ? rx_opt->rcv_tsval : 0;

net/ipv4/syncookies.c

@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <net/tcp.h>
 
+/* Timestamps: lowest 9 bits store TCP options */
+#define TSBITS 9
+#define TSMASK (((__u32)1 << TSBITS) - 1)
+
 extern int sysctl_tcp_syncookies;
 
 __u32 syncookie_secret[2][16-4+SHA_DIGEST_WORDS];
@@ -51,6 +55,39 @@ static u32 cookie_hash(__be32 saddr, __be32 daddr, __be16 sport, __be16 dport,
 	return tmp[17];
 }
 
+
+/*
+ * when syncookies are in effect and tcp timestamps are enabled we encode
+ * tcp options in the lowest 9 bits of the timestamp value that will be
+ * sent in the syn-ack.
+ * Since subsequent timestamps use the normal tcp_time_stamp value, we
+ * must make sure that the resulting initial timestamp is <= tcp_time_stamp.
+ */
+__u32 cookie_init_timestamp(struct request_sock *req)
+{
+	struct inet_request_sock *ireq;
+	u32 ts, ts_now = tcp_time_stamp;
+	u32 options = 0;
+
+	ireq = inet_rsk(req);
+	if (ireq->wscale_ok) {
+		options = ireq->snd_wscale;
+		options |= ireq->rcv_wscale << 4;
+	}
+	options |= ireq->sack_ok << 8;
+
+	ts = ts_now & ~TSMASK;
+	ts |= options;
+	if (ts > ts_now) {
+		ts >>= TSBITS;
+		ts--;
+		ts <<= TSBITS;
+		ts |= options;
+	}
+	return ts;
+}
+
+
 static __u32 secure_tcp_syn_cookie(__be32 saddr, __be32 daddr, __be16 sport,
 				   __be16 dport, __u32 sseq, __u32 count,
 				   __u32 data)
@@ -185,6 +222,35 @@ static inline struct sock *get_cookie_sock(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	return child;
 }
 
+
+/*
+ * when syncookies are in effect and tcp timestamps are enabled we stored
+ * additional tcp options in the timestamp.
+ * This extracts these options from the timestamp echo.
+ *
+ * The lowest 4 bits are for snd_wscale
+ * The next 4 lsb are for rcv_wscale
+ * The next lsb is for sack_ok
+ */
+void cookie_check_timestamp(struct tcp_options_received *tcp_opt)
+{
+	/* echoed timestamp, 9 lowest bits contain options */
+	u32 options = tcp_opt->rcv_tsecr & TSMASK;
+
+	tcp_opt->snd_wscale = options & 0xf;
+	options >>= 4;
+	tcp_opt->rcv_wscale = options & 0xf;
+
+	tcp_opt->sack_ok = (options >> 4) & 0x1;
+
+	if (tcp_opt->sack_ok)
+		tcp_sack_reset(tcp_opt);
+
+	if (tcp_opt->snd_wscale || tcp_opt->rcv_wscale)
+		tcp_opt->wscale_ok = 1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(cookie_check_timestamp);
+
 struct sock *cookie_v4_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 			     struct ip_options *opt)
 {
@@ -198,6 +264,7 @@ struct sock *cookie_v4_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	int mss;
 	struct rtable *rt;
 	__u8 rcv_wscale;
+	struct tcp_options_received tcp_opt;
 
 	if (!sysctl_tcp_syncookies || !th->ack)
 		goto out;
@@ -210,6 +277,13 @@ struct sock *cookie_v4_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 
 	NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_SYNCOOKIESRECV);
 
+	/* check for timestamp cookie support */
+	memset(&tcp_opt, 0, sizeof(tcp_opt));
+	tcp_parse_options(skb, &tcp_opt, 0);
+
+	if (tcp_opt.saw_tstamp)
+		cookie_check_timestamp(&tcp_opt);
+
 	ret = NULL;
 	req = reqsk_alloc(&tcp_request_sock_ops); /* for safety */
 	if (!req)
@@ -228,6 +302,12 @@ struct sock *cookie_v4_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	ireq->loc_addr		= ip_hdr(skb)->daddr;
 	ireq->rmt_addr		= ip_hdr(skb)->saddr;
 	ireq->opt		= NULL;
+	ireq->snd_wscale	= tcp_opt.snd_wscale;
+	ireq->rcv_wscale	= tcp_opt.rcv_wscale;
+	ireq->sack_ok		= tcp_opt.sack_ok;
+	ireq->wscale_ok		= tcp_opt.wscale_ok;
+	ireq->tstamp_ok		= tcp_opt.saw_tstamp;
+	req->ts_recent		= tcp_opt.saw_tstamp ? tcp_opt.rcv_tsval : 0;
 
 	/* We throwed the options of the initial SYN away, so we hope
 	 * the ACK carries the same options again (see RFC1122 4.2.3.8)
@@ -242,8 +322,6 @@ struct sock *cookie_v4_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 		}
 	}
 
-	ireq->snd_wscale = ireq->rcv_wscale = ireq->tstamp_ok = 0;
-	ireq->wscale_ok	 = ireq->sack_ok = 0;
 	req->expires	= 0UL;
 	req->retrans	= 0;
 
@@ -272,11 +350,12 @@ struct sock *cookie_v4_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	}
 
 	/* Try to redo what tcp_v4_send_synack did. */
-	req->window_clamp = dst_metric(&rt->u.dst, RTAX_WINDOW);
+	req->window_clamp = tp->window_clamp ? :dst_metric(&rt->u.dst, RTAX_WINDOW);
+
 	tcp_select_initial_window(tcp_full_space(sk), req->mss,
 				  &req->rcv_wnd, &req->window_clamp,
-				  0, &rcv_wscale);
-	/* BTW win scale with syncookies is 0 by definition */
+				  ireq->wscale_ok, &rcv_wscale);
+
 	ireq->rcv_wscale  = rcv_wscale;
 
 	ret = get_cookie_sock(sk, skb, req, &rt->u.dst);

net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c

@@ -1299,10 +1299,8 @@ int tcp_v4_conn_request(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 
 	tcp_parse_options(skb, &tmp_opt, 0);
 
-	if (want_cookie) {
+	if (want_cookie && !tmp_opt.saw_tstamp)
 		tcp_clear_options(&tmp_opt);
-		tmp_opt.saw_tstamp = 0;
-	}
 
 	if (tmp_opt.saw_tstamp && !tmp_opt.rcv_tsval) {
 		/* Some OSes (unknown ones, but I see them on web server, which
@@ -1330,6 +1328,7 @@ int tcp_v4_conn_request(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	if (want_cookie) {
 #ifdef CONFIG_SYN_COOKIES
 		syn_flood_warning(skb);
+		req->cookie_ts = tmp_opt.tstamp_ok;
 #endif
 		isn = cookie_v4_init_sequence(sk, skb, &req->mss);
 	} else if (!isn) {

net/ipv4/tcp_output.c

@@ -2233,7 +2233,11 @@ struct sk_buff *tcp_make_synack(struct sock *sk, struct dst_entry *dst,
 
 	/* RFC1323: The window in SYN & SYN/ACK segments is never scaled. */
 	th->window = htons(min(req->rcv_wnd, 65535U));
-
+#ifdef CONFIG_SYN_COOKIES
+	if (unlikely(req->cookie_ts))
+		TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->when = cookie_init_timestamp(req);
+	else
+#endif
 	TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->when = tcp_time_stamp;
 	tcp_syn_build_options((__be32 *)(th + 1), dst_metric(dst, RTAX_ADVMSS), ireq->tstamp_ok,
 			      ireq->sack_ok, ireq->wscale_ok, ireq->rcv_wscale,

net/ipv6/syncookies.c

@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@ struct sock *cookie_v6_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	int mss;
 	struct dst_entry *dst;
 	__u8 rcv_wscale;
+	struct tcp_options_received tcp_opt;
 
 	if (!sysctl_tcp_syncookies || !th->ack)
 		goto out;
@@ -182,6 +183,13 @@ struct sock *cookie_v6_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 
 	NET_INC_STATS_BH(LINUX_MIB_SYNCOOKIESRECV);
 
+	/* check for timestamp cookie support */
+	memset(&tcp_opt, 0, sizeof(tcp_opt));
+	tcp_parse_options(skb, &tcp_opt, 0);
+
+	if (tcp_opt.saw_tstamp)
+		cookie_check_timestamp(&tcp_opt);
+
 	ret = NULL;
 	req = inet6_reqsk_alloc(&tcp6_request_sock_ops);
 	if (!req)
@@ -216,8 +224,12 @@ struct sock *cookie_v6_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 
 	req->expires = 0UL;
 	req->retrans = 0;
-	ireq->snd_wscale = ireq->rcv_wscale = ireq->tstamp_ok = 0;
-	ireq->wscale_ok = ireq->sack_ok = 0;
+	ireq->snd_wscale	= tcp_opt.snd_wscale;
+	ireq->rcv_wscale	= tcp_opt.rcv_wscale;
+	ireq->sack_ok		= tcp_opt.sack_ok;
+	ireq->wscale_ok		= tcp_opt.wscale_ok;
+	ireq->tstamp_ok		= tcp_opt.saw_tstamp;
+	req->ts_recent		= tcp_opt.saw_tstamp ? tcp_opt.rcv_tsval : 0;
 	treq->rcv_isn = ntohl(th->seq) - 1;
 	treq->snt_isn = cookie;
 
@@ -253,10 +265,10 @@ struct sock *cookie_v6_check(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 			goto out;
 	}
 
-	req->window_clamp = dst_metric(dst, RTAX_WINDOW);
+	req->window_clamp = tp->window_clamp ? :dst_metric(dst, RTAX_WINDOW);
 	tcp_select_initial_window(tcp_full_space(sk), req->mss,
 				  &req->rcv_wnd, &req->window_clamp,
-				  0, &rcv_wscale);
+				  ireq->wscale_ok, &rcv_wscale);
 
 	ireq->rcv_wscale = rcv_wscale;
 

net/ipv6/tcp_ipv6.c

@@ -1290,10 +1290,8 @@ static int tcp_v6_conn_request(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 
 	tcp_parse_options(skb, &tmp_opt, 0);
 
-	if (want_cookie) {
+	if (want_cookie && !tmp_opt.saw_tstamp)
 		tcp_clear_options(&tmp_opt);
-		tmp_opt.saw_tstamp = 0;
-	}
 
 	tmp_opt.tstamp_ok = tmp_opt.saw_tstamp;
 	tcp_openreq_init(req, &tmp_opt, skb);
@@ -1307,6 +1305,7 @@ static int tcp_v6_conn_request(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
 
 	if (want_cookie) {
 		isn = cookie_v6_init_sequence(sk, skb, &req->mss);
+		req->cookie_ts = tmp_opt.tstamp_ok;
 	} else if (!isn) {
 		if (ipv6_opt_accepted(sk, skb) ||
 		    np->rxopt.bits.rxinfo || np->rxopt.bits.rxoinfo ||