netfilter: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member

The current codebase makes use of the zero-length array language
extension to the C90 standard, but the preferred mechanism to declare
variable-length types such as these ones is a flexible array member[1][2],
introduced in C99:

struct foo {
        int stuff;
        struct boo array[];
};

By making use of the mechanism above, we will get a compiler warning
in case the flexible array does not occur last in the structure, which
will help us prevent some kind of undefined behavior bugs from being
inadvertently introduced[3] to the codebase from now on.

Also, notice that, dynamic memory allocations won't be affected by
this change:

"Flexible array members have incomplete type, and so the sizeof operator
may not be applied. As a quirk of the original implementation of
zero-length arrays, sizeof evaluates to zero."[1]

Lastly, fix checkpatch.pl warning
WARNING: __aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))
in net/bridge/netfilter/ebtables.c

This issue was found with the help of Coccinelle.

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
[2] https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/21
[3] commit 76497732 ("cxgb3/l2t: Fix undefined behaviour")
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>

include/linux/netfilter/ipset/ip_set.h

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ struct ip_set_counter {
 
 struct ip_set_comment_rcu {
 	struct rcu_head rcu;
-	char str[0];
+	char str[];
 };
 
 struct ip_set_comment {

include/linux/netfilter/x_tables.h

@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ struct xt_table_info {
 	unsigned int stacksize;
 	void ***jumpstack;
 
-	unsigned char entries[0] __aligned(8);
+	unsigned char entries[] __aligned(8);
 };
 
 int xt_register_target(struct xt_target *target);
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ struct compat_xt_entry_match {
 		} kernel;
 		u_int16_t match_size;
 	} u;
-	unsigned char data[0];
+	unsigned char data[];
 };
 
 struct compat_xt_entry_target {
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ struct compat_xt_entry_target {
 		} kernel;
 		u_int16_t target_size;
 	} u;
-	unsigned char data[0];
+	unsigned char data[];
 };
 
 /* FIXME: this works only on 32 bit tasks
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ struct compat_xt_counters {
 struct compat_xt_counters_info {
 	char name[XT_TABLE_MAXNAMELEN];
 	compat_uint_t num_counters;
-	struct compat_xt_counters counters[0];
+	struct compat_xt_counters counters[];
 };
 
 struct _compat_xt_align {

include/linux/netfilter_arp/arp_tables.h

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ struct compat_arpt_entry {
 	__u16 next_offset;
 	compat_uint_t comefrom;
 	struct compat_xt_counters counters;
-	unsigned char elems[0];
+	unsigned char elems[];
 };
 
 static inline struct xt_entry_target *

include/linux/netfilter_bridge/ebtables.h

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ struct ebt_table_info {
 	/* room to maintain the stack used for jumping from and into udc */
 	struct ebt_chainstack **chainstack;
 	char *entries;
-	struct ebt_counter counters[0] ____cacheline_aligned;
+	struct ebt_counter counters[] ____cacheline_aligned;
 };
 
 struct ebt_table {

include/linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_tables.h

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ struct compat_ipt_entry {
 	__u16 next_offset;
 	compat_uint_t comefrom;
 	struct compat_xt_counters counters;
-	unsigned char elems[0];
+	unsigned char elems[];
 };
 
 /* Helper functions */

include/linux/netfilter_ipv6/ip6_tables.h

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ struct compat_ip6t_entry {
 	__u16 next_offset;
 	compat_uint_t comefrom;
 	struct compat_xt_counters counters;
-	unsigned char elems[0];
+	unsigned char elems[];
 };
 
 static inline struct xt_entry_target *

include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_extend.h

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ enum nf_ct_ext_id {
 struct nf_ct_ext {
 	u8 offset[NF_CT_EXT_NUM];
 	u8 len;
-	char data[0];
+	char data[];
 };
 
 static inline bool __nf_ct_ext_exist(const struct nf_ct_ext *ext, u8 id)

include/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_timeout.h

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 struct nf_ct_timeout {
 	__u16			l3num;
 	const struct nf_conntrack_l4proto *l4proto;
-	char			data[0];
+	char			data[];
 };
 
 struct ctnl_timeout {

include/net/netfilter/nf_tables.h

@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ int nft_validate_register_store(const struct nft_ctx *ctx,
  */
 struct nft_userdata {
 	u8			len;
-	unsigned char		data[0];
+	unsigned char		data[];
 };
 
 /**
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ struct nft_set_ext_tmpl {
 struct nft_set_ext {
 	u8	genmask;
 	u8	offset[NFT_SET_EXT_NUM];
-	char	data[0];
+	char	data[];
 };
 
 static inline void nft_set_ext_prepare(struct nft_set_ext_tmpl *tmpl)
@@ -1375,7 +1375,7 @@ struct nft_trans {
 	int				msg_type;
 	bool				put_net;
 	struct nft_ctx			ctx;
-	char				data[0];
+	char				data[];
 };
 
 struct nft_trans_rule {

include/uapi/linux/netfilter_bridge/ebt_among.h

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ struct ebt_mac_wormhash_tuple {
 struct ebt_mac_wormhash {
 	int table[257];
 	int poolsize;
-	struct ebt_mac_wormhash_tuple pool[0];
+	struct ebt_mac_wormhash_tuple pool[];
 };
 
 #define ebt_mac_wormhash_size(x) ((x) ? sizeof(struct ebt_mac_wormhash) \

net/bridge/netfilter/ebtables.c

@@ -1561,7 +1561,7 @@ struct compat_ebt_entry_mwt {
 		compat_uptr_t ptr;
 	} u;
 	compat_uint_t match_size;
-	compat_uint_t data[0] __attribute__ ((aligned (__alignof__(struct compat_ebt_replace))));
+	compat_uint_t data[] __aligned(__alignof__(struct compat_ebt_replace));
 };
 
 /* account for possible padding between match_size and ->data */

net/ipv4/netfilter/arp_tables.c

@@ -1057,7 +1057,7 @@ struct compat_arpt_replace {
 	u32				underflow[NF_ARP_NUMHOOKS];
 	u32				num_counters;
 	compat_uptr_t			counters;
-	struct compat_arpt_entry	entries[0];
+	struct compat_arpt_entry	entries[];
 };
 
 static inline void compat_release_entry(struct compat_arpt_entry *e)
@@ -1383,7 +1383,7 @@ static int compat_copy_entries_to_user(unsigned int total_size,
 struct compat_arpt_get_entries {
 	char name[XT_TABLE_MAXNAMELEN];
 	compat_uint_t size;
-	struct compat_arpt_entry entrytable[0];
+	struct compat_arpt_entry entrytable[];
 };
 
 static int compat_get_entries(struct net *net,

net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.c

@@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@ struct compat_ipt_replace {
 	u32			underflow[NF_INET_NUMHOOKS];
 	u32			num_counters;
 	compat_uptr_t		counters;	/* struct xt_counters * */
-	struct compat_ipt_entry	entries[0];
+	struct compat_ipt_entry	entries[];
 };
 
 static int
@@ -1562,7 +1562,7 @@ compat_do_ipt_set_ctl(struct sock *sk,	int cmd, void __user *user,
 struct compat_ipt_get_entries {
 	char name[XT_TABLE_MAXNAMELEN];
 	compat_uint_t size;
-	struct compat_ipt_entry entrytable[0];
+	struct compat_ipt_entry entrytable[];
 };
 
 static int

net/ipv6/netfilter/ip6_tables.c

@@ -1227,7 +1227,7 @@ struct compat_ip6t_replace {
 	u32			underflow[NF_INET_NUMHOOKS];
 	u32			num_counters;
 	compat_uptr_t		counters;	/* struct xt_counters * */
-	struct compat_ip6t_entry entries[0];
+	struct compat_ip6t_entry entries[];
 };
 
 static int
@@ -1571,7 +1571,7 @@ compat_do_ip6t_set_ctl(struct sock *sk, int cmd, void __user *user,
 struct compat_ip6t_get_entries {
 	char name[XT_TABLE_MAXNAMELEN];
 	compat_uint_t size;
-	struct compat_ip6t_entry entrytable[0];
+	struct compat_ip6t_entry entrytable[];
 };
 
 static int

net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_bitmap_ip.c

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ struct bitmap_ip {
 	u8 netmask;		/* subnet netmask */
 	struct timer_list gc;	/* garbage collection */
 	struct ip_set *set;	/* attached to this ip_set */
-	unsigned char extensions[0]	/* data extensions */
+	unsigned char extensions[]	/* data extensions */
 		__aligned(__alignof__(u64));
 };
 

net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_bitmap_ipmac.c

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ struct bitmap_ipmac {
 	size_t memsize;		/* members size */
 	struct timer_list gc;	/* garbage collector */
 	struct ip_set *set;	/* attached to this ip_set */
-	unsigned char extensions[0]	/* MAC + data extensions */
+	unsigned char extensions[]	/* MAC + data extensions */
 		__aligned(__alignof__(u64));
 };
 

net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_bitmap_port.c

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ struct bitmap_port {
 	size_t memsize;		/* members size */
 	struct timer_list gc;	/* garbage collection */
 	struct ip_set *set;	/* attached to this ip_set */
-	unsigned char extensions[0]	/* data extensions */
+	unsigned char extensions[]	/* data extensions */
 		__aligned(__alignof__(u64));
 };
 

net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_hash_gen.h

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ struct hbucket {
 	DECLARE_BITMAP(used, AHASH_MAX_TUNED);
 	u8 size;		/* size of the array */
 	u8 pos;			/* position of the first free entry */
-	unsigned char value[0]	/* the array of the values */
+	unsigned char value[]	/* the array of the values */
 		__aligned(__alignof__(u64));
 };
 
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ struct htable {
 	u8 htable_bits;		/* size of hash table == 2^htable_bits */
 	u32 maxelem;		/* Maxelem per region */
 	struct ip_set_region *hregion;	/* Region locks and ext sizes */
-	struct hbucket __rcu *bucket[0]; /* hashtable buckets */
+	struct hbucket __rcu *bucket[]; /* hashtable buckets */
 };
 
 #define hbucket(h, i)		((h)->bucket[i])

net/netfilter/nfnetlink_acct.c

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ struct nf_acct {
 	refcount_t		refcnt;
 	char			name[NFACCT_NAME_MAX];
 	struct rcu_head		rcu_head;
-	char			data[0];
+	char			data[];
 };
 
 struct nfacct_filter {

net/netfilter/nft_set_pipapo.c

@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ struct nft_pipapo_match {
 	unsigned long * __percpu *scratch;
 	size_t bsize_max;
 	struct rcu_head rcu;
-	struct nft_pipapo_field f[0];
+	struct nft_pipapo_field f[];
 };
 
 /* Current working bitmap index, toggled between field matches */

net/netfilter/xt_hashlimit.c

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ struct xt_hashlimit_htable {
 	const char *name;
 	struct net *net;
 
-	struct hlist_head hash[0];	/* hashtable itself */
+	struct hlist_head hash[];	/* hashtable itself */
 };
 
 static int

net/netfilter/xt_recent.c

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ struct recent_entry {
 	u_int8_t		ttl;
 	u_int8_t		index;
 	u_int16_t		nstamps;
-	unsigned long		stamps[0];
+	unsigned long		stamps[];
 };
 
 struct recent_table {
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ struct recent_table {
 	unsigned int		entries;
 	u8			nstamps_max_mask;
 	struct list_head	lru_list;
-	struct list_head	iphash[0];
+	struct list_head	iphash[];
 };
 
 struct recent_net {